TOPIC 4KEL2300 (4+0) :

DEVELOPMENT OF A RESILIENT INDIVIDUAL

B S ( P M ) - P J J

Emotional Development

INSTRUCTOR:SITI NOR BINTI YAACOB, PHD.

SITINOR@UPM.EDU.MY/012-2841844

What are emotions and emotional development?

Emotions are feelings, “full-body experience”, an interplay between our thoughts and physical sensations

Thoughts + Body Sensations = Emotion (Birthday/Exam) (Tight muscle,Pounding heart) (Happy/Anxious)

Emotional development is the emergence of a child’s experience, expression, understanding, and regulation of emotions from birth through late adolescence

How growth and changes in these processes concerning emotions occur

Does not occur in isolationNeural, cognitive, and behavioral development interact

with emotional development and social and cultural influences, and context also play a role

Types of Emotions

Anxiety Thoughts of the future and everything that can go wrong Racing heart, tight muscles and clenched jaw

Sadness Negative thoughts about the past Feel tired and heavy, might cry and have trouble concentrating

Anger Focus on how your values have been attacked Racing heart and tightness in the body

Happiness Focus on what you have gained, feel light or calm Might laugh and smile

Types of Emotions

Balance between high and low, negative and positive:

Types of Emotions

High positive energy: enables you to perform well, but can’t stay in that state for ever. Sooner or later, you need to reduce the energy. Stay positive, and you will recover quickly. Dip into more negative feelings, and you will feel burnt out.

High negative energy: quite an uncomfortable place to be. It feels like you are fighting for survival all the time. Again, you will have to reduce the energy at some point since it could lead to burnout.

Changes in Socio-Emotion

Two rules of emotional display:

Peer pressure: works on emotional regulationGender: Boys are less likely to express fear in

times of stress, e.g. fear of belittlement

Prosocial Rules Self-protective Rules

Alter own displays of emotion to protect another’s feelings

Masks emotions to avoid embarrassment or to protect own from potentially negative consequences

Changes in Socio-Emotion

Emotional understanding can positively relate to adaptive social behavior, yet it can negatively relate to internalizing behavior such as anxiety, depression, and loneliness

Knowledge of emotion can affect verbal ability, and verbal ability can affect achievement

E.g. Children who do not learn to regulate emotions and who display disruptive behavior in school spend less time on tasks and receive less instruction and less positive feedback

Managing Emotion

How people recognize, label, and control the expression of their emotions in ways that generally are consistent with cultural expectations

Includes recognition and delineation of emotions

Use various techniques to self-regulate as getting mature

Learn how to alter how they express emotions to suit what they feel others expect them to express: Emotional Display Rules

Managing Emotion

The first step is to figure out what you are feeling from four main emotions

The second step is to identify the message of your emotion: Anxiety: What am I afraid of? Sadness: What have I lost? Anger: How have I or my values been attacked? Happiness: What have I gained?

The last step is to take action: give self-confidence to work hard in solving the problem

Managing Emotion

ExerciseBe kind to othersBe open and accept what is going on around youIt’s good to talkDistract yourselfDon’t give in to negative thinkingSpend time outsideBe gratefulPlay to your strengthsNotice the good things in your life

Emotion As Predictor to Behavior