topic 6 cc606

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

1/97

Topic 6

BASIC CONCEPTS OF URBAN DRAINAGE

DESIGN OF URBAN CHANNEL

(Urban Stormwater Management Manual For Malaysia)

MASMA

Types Of Urban

Drainage

System

Intensity-duration-

frequency Relations

(IDF Curves)

Estimates Time Of

Concentration

Determine The Peak

Discharge

Calculate Open Channel

Size And Storm SewerDesign Detention Storage

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

2/97

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

3/97

STORMWATER MANAGEMENT IN MALAYSIA:

INTRODUCTION

Shaari Haron, CPESCJPSKelantan.

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

4/97

Hydrological Cycle

Al-Mu`minuun:018

Dan Kami turunkan air dari langit menurutsuatu ukuran; lalu Kami jadikan air itumenetap di bumi, dan sesungguhnya Kamibenar-benar berkuasa menghilangkannya.

29%

6%

30%

35%

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

5/97

Concept Of Convensional

Drainage System :

Fast Flow

Local

One FunctionQuantity

Conveyance Oriented Approach- Open Drain

Planning and Design Procedures No. 1:Urban Drainage Design Standards andProcedures for Peninsular Malaysia 1975

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

6/97

ISSUE:Flash Flood
http://www.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.nre.gov.my/BM/Kenyataan%2520Akhbar/UM%252017042008.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.nre.gov.my/bm/kenyataan%2520akhbar/forms/user%2520view.aspx&usg=__nvUmVlzCpQzmXr8R1OPeNE2uphU=&h=1950&w=1236&sz=142&hl=en&start=60&itbs=1&tbnid=gfy130gGW1EmdM:&tbnh=150&tbnw=95&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dbanjir%2Bkilat%26start%3D40%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26tbs%3Disch:1http://www.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://it.water.gov.my/intranet/akhbar/dokumen/scan0014.jpg&imgrefurl=http://it.water.gov.my/intranet/akhbar/arkib.cfm&usg=__rXtC2s3b5ZEXmAgT_uKGCGWnUZY=&h=1484&w=1721&sz=770&hl=en&start=9&itbs=1&tbnid=IpKrn0bGoQlvwM:&tbnh=129&tbnw=150&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dkeratan%2Bakhbar%2Bbanjir%2Bkilat%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

7/97

COSTtransfer, accident (life), property >RM 1b/year
http://www.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://www.doe.gov.my/zoom/harian_metro/i2091.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.doe.gov.my/ms/papercut%3Fq%3D/papercut%26search%3D%26page%3D100%26limit%3D50%26cat%3DSGFyaWFuIE1ldHJv&usg=__7epZ8T43jC0cM8xXhimEvetG48U=&h=1369&w=758&sz=278&hl=en&start=1&itbs=1&tbnid=6bRz0ba5dWpYtM:&tbnh=150&tbnw=83&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpaper%2Bcutting%2Bbanjir%2Bkilat%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

8/97

StatesFlood Prone Area

Total Area (km2) People Affected (no.)

PERLIS 19 13,000

KEDAH 209 124,000

PULAU PINANG 232 510,000

PERAK 535 244,000

SELANGOR 1,652 726,000

W.P. KUALA LUMPUR 3 13,000

NEGERI SEMBILAN 130 42,000MELAKA 81 31,000

JOHOR 2,367 297,000

PAHANG 6,274 615,000

TERENGGANU 2,223 457,000

KELANTAN 1,640 714,000SABAH 3,241 635,000

SARAWAK 11,114 494,000

P. MALAYSIA 15,365 3,786,000

SABAH & SARAWAK 14,355 1,129,000

JUMLAH 29,720 4,915,000

Flood Prone Area by States

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

9/97

ISSUE:Blocked

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

10/97
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_CYjOFYx7d9s/SQ-7ylGbvoI/AAAAAAAAAIY/KvwBLwzq5qI/s1600-h/Image(187).jpghttp://3.bp.blogspot.com/_sDHQWqABwwE/TBgVvqXCwmI/AAAAAAAADQk/v8zVLpUIFIA/s1600/terbakar+tmn+wira,ziarah+dan+longkang+tersumbat+056.jpg

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

11/97

Blocked Artery Blocked Drainage

VS

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

12/97

ISSUE:Quality

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

13/97

Kajian DOE, 2000

52 river basin tercemar oleh Pepejal Terampai

pembangunan tak terkawal

18 river basin tercemar oleh Dissolved Oxigen

effluen industri

33 river basin tercemar oleh amonical nitrogen

animal farming & domestic waste
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_sDHQWqABwwE/TBgVwG7ApvI/AAAAAAAADQs/wC0yD13md4I/s1600/terbakar+tmn+wira,ziarah+dan+longkang+tersumbat+058.jpghttp://4.bp.blogspot.com/_sDHQWqABwwE/TBgU6hTD6ZI/AAAAAAAADQU/A6kQ5jUZkKc/s1600/terbakar+tmn+wira,ziarah+dan+longkang+tersumbat+057.jpg

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

14/97

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

15/97

ISSUE: Development (Uncontrolled)

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

16/97

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

17/97

After Rain
http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_2/AfterRain.ppthttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_2/AfterRain.ppt

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

18/97

Natural Environment

Development

20cm top soil area 1000 ha = 0.51juta m3

water

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

19/97

Decrease infiltration rateKadar pembangunan 040%:

Kuantiti air larian meningkat sehingga 190%

halaju air meningkat 50% masa tumpuan turun

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

20/97

ISSUE:Requirement Cost

Widening, deepening anddiversion of rivers

Rubbish Traps and dumpsites Floodwalls

RMK 9 Tebatan Banjir RM 4b

Pemeliharaan Sungai RM 510m

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

21/97

Need changes

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

22/97

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

23/97

PENDEKATAN BARU

Perubahan Dalam Pengurusan Sumber

Air Negara

Kaedah baru menggunakan

pendekatan pengurusan air ribut

Urban Stormwater Management

Manual (MSMA, 2001)

Lebih Mesra Alam

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

24/97

aliran cepat ke hilir

KAEDAH LAMA

kawalan di punca

PENDEKATAN BARU

Parit Konkrit

Alur Berumput

Takungan Setempat

K Ut

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

25/97

Kawalan Kualiti

Kawalan Hakisan &

Mendapan

Komponen Utama

Kawalan Kuantiti

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

26/97

KAWALAN KUANTITI

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

27/97

Storage Classification

1. On-site storage

3. Regional storage

2. Community storage

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

28/97


small storage

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

29/97


constructed in public open area

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

30/97


large community storageconstructed at the lower

end of catchment

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

31/97

Penuaian air hujan(Rainwater Harvesting)

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

32/97

kolam takungan

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

33/97

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

34/97

KAWALAN KUALITI

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

35/97

Vegetated Filter Strip

Biofiltration swale

Composite swale

Source control

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

36/97

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

37/97

Source Control

Sand Filtration

Oil Separator

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

38/97

Gross Pollutant Trap(GPT)

to retain litter, debris& coarse sediment

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

39/97

Kawalan semulajadi

dalam merawat/membersih

air larian & tebatan banjir

Wetland (Tanah bencah)

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

40/97

Rain Garden

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

41/97

landscape

approach

Rain Garden

Pervious Pavement

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

42/97

Pervious Pavement

Inlet/outlet protection

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

43/97

Inlet/outlet protection

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

44/97

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

45/97

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

46/97

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

47/97

Dramatically enhance the development

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

48/97

increase property value &

quality of life

Dramatically enhance the development

Dan Allah menurunkan hujan dari langit, lalu Ia menghidupkan

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

49/97

dengan air hujan itu akan bumi sesudah matinya; sesungguhnyapada yang demikian itu terdapat satu tanda kekuasanNya bagi

kaum yang mendengar

An-Nahl: 65

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

50/97

The Main Objectives Of Proper Stormwater

Management In Malaysia Are To:

Provide Safety For The Public,

Minimise And Control Nuisance Flooding And Provide For The

Safe Passage Of Less Frequent Flood Events,

Stabilise The Landform And Control Erosion,

Protect Property,

Enhance The Landscape,

Optimise The Land Available For Development, And

Minimise The Environmental Impact Of Runoff On Water

Quality

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

51/97

Types Of Urban Drainage System

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

52/97

Types Of Urban Drainage System

Covered drainOpen drain - dry

Outlet

Sump

Open - wet

Inlet

Stormwater Management Policy

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

53/97

Runoff Quantity Control (14)

Runoff Quality Control (9)

During Construction (ESCP)

Post Construction

Aesthetical (2)

Operation and Maintenance (2)

g y(Urban Drainage Planning and Desig n Standard Requirement)


8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

54/97

Runoff Quantity Control

Runoff Quality Control


Post Construction

Aesthetical

Operation and Maintenance

(Urban Drainage Planning and Desig n Standard Requirement)

Minor and major system shall be plannedbothgenerally confirm to natural drainage pattern anddischarge to natural drainage system withincatchment as possible.

1.


8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

55/97




Post Construction

Aesthetical


Runoff at development site within catchment orsub-catchment shall be maintained dischargedat the existing natural drainage outlet/s and thecontrols discharges shall be less or equal to theexisting capacityof the existing natural drainage


2.

http://www.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://image.shutterstock.com/display_pic_with_logo/80041/80041,1246530510,7/stock-photo-cartoon-stylized-moneybag-full-of-golden-coins-33002473.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-33002473/stock-photo-cartoon-stylized-moneybag-full-of-golden-coins.html&usg=__-aw6jsAhCKqZi7Si1ix7EO-gRAM=&h=470&w=450&sz=59&hl=ms&start=67&zoom=1&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=MFLTwsU-ULp3FM:&tbnh=129&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCAPACITY%2BCARTOON%26start%3D54%26um%3D1%26hl%3Dms%26sa%3DN%26rlz%3D1T4GGLR_enMY260MY261%26ndsp%3D18%26tbs%3Disch:1

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

56/97

Stormwater management system must bedesigned so that post development peakdischarge rate (2 yr, 10yr, 50 yr and 100yr ARI)less than the pre-development 2 yr.




Post Construction

Aesthetical


3.



8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

57/97

There will be no new stormwater conveyancesystem outfall may discharge the runoffdirectly into the existing receiving waterwithout any control.




Post Construction

Aesthetical



4.


8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

58/97

All new urban development shall be providedwith a minordrainage system with capacity notmore than the 10 yr ARI.




Post Construction

Aesthetical



5.


8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

59/97




Post Construction

Aesthetical


The minor drainagesystem may comprise anycombination of pipe, swale, open drain orengineered waterway, to be served for thecatchment less than 20 ha.


6.

http://stormwater.files.wordpress.com/2007/05/infiltration-trench.jpg

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

60/97

Conveyance system for the drainage area from20 to 40 hashould be designed with storm of ARI50 years.




Post Construction

Aesthetical



7.

Stormwater Management Policy(U b D i Pl i d D i S d d R i )

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

61/97

Themajor drainagesystem shall be provided forthe development area and the catchment of thedevelopment area equal to or larger than 40 ha.the stormwater design ARI shall be 100 years.




Post Construction

Aesthetical



8.

Stormwater Management Policy(U b D i Pl i d D i St d d R i t)

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

62/97


CONVEYANCEDESIGN:

1. MINORArea: Less than 20 haARI: Not more than 10 Year

2. INTERMMEDIATEArea: 20 40 haARI: 50 Year

3. MAJORArea: More than 40 ha

ARI: 100 Year

On-site

Regional

Community

summary


8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

63/97

The platform (or lowest floor level) in all newurban development and re-development shall beprotected for regional flooding up to 100 yearsARI with 0.3m freeboard.




Post Construction

Aesthetical



9.


8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

64/97

Diversion of runoff to or from other catchment orsub-catchment isprohibited (not permitted).




Post Construction

Aesthetical



10.

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

65/97

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

66/97

Stormwater Management Policy(Urban Drainage Planning and Desig n Standard Requirement)

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

67/97




Post Construction

Aesthetical



13.Adequate storage shall be provided for thedetention pond to store the post-developmentdesign flows of 1 in 100 years ARI from thecatchment without overflowthe secondaryoutlet (spillway).


8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

68/97




Post Construction

Aesthetical



14.Primary outlets for the detention pond shall bedesigned to reduce post-development peakflows from the pond must not exceedthe pre-development peaks flows of 2 year (minorprimary outlet).


8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

69/97

No land clearingshall be allowed for theconstruction site before the installation ofsediment control facilities onsite.




Post Construction

Aesthetical



1.


8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

70/97

The erosion and sedimentation controls shall be

provided on all land development and buildingproject to prevent up to the maximum extentpossible, the transport of the sediment from theproject site resulting from clearing and gradingor others land disturbing activities.




Post Construction

Aesthetical



2.

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

71/97


8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

72/97




Post Construction

Aesthetical


Sediment pond / trap / basin should retain a

minimum 70% of coarse of sediment > 0.02 mmfor storm up to or including 3 months ARI (ie. 40mm rainfall) for construction period < 2 yearsand 6 months ARI (ie. 50 mm rainfall) forconstruction > 2 yearsto be completed.


4.

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

73/97


8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

74/97

Erosion and sedimentation control must beimplementedduring construction and duringany land disturbance activities (earthworksphase).




Post Construction

Aesthetical


(U ba a age a g a d es g Sta da d equ e e t)

6.


8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

75/97

No new stormwater conveyance outfall maydischarge the untreated runoff directly to anyreceiving water of the area.




Post Construction

Aesthetical


( g g g q )

1.

KELODAK DI PANTAI BARAT


8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

76/97

Any stormwater (runoff) discharges to

Environmental Sensitive Area (ESA) must utilizecertain BMPs approved for that area.




Post Construction

Aesthetical


( g g g q )

2.


8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

77/97

The use of infiltration practices without pre-treatmentis prohibited




Post Construction

Aesthetical


( g g g q )

3.


8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

78/97

Stormwater management system shall bedesigned with appropriate aestheticvalueto enhance the appearance of the areawith proper landscaping.




Post Construction

Aesthetical


1.


8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

79/97




Post Construction

Aesthetical


The proper landscapingis required for any

proposed engineered waterway,watercourse management and proposeddetention pond.

2.

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

80/97


8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

81/97

All stormwater management system must

have the O&M plan and scheduleto ensurethe system function as per design.




Post Construction

Aesthetical


2.

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

82/97

Runoff Estimation

(Rational Method)

ESTIMATION METHOD

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

83/97

ESTIMATION METHOD

RATIONAL HYDROGRAPH

TimeArea

Kinematic Wave

Non-linear Reservoir

Simplified method

Conveyance design discharge

Up to 80 haAssumptions:

Qpoccurs by flow contribution of entire catchment

Uniform intensity over entire catchmentUniform intensity over tc

n ARI of intensity n ARI peak flow

RATIONAL FORMULA

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

84/97

Qy= C x

y

Itx A360

Eqn. 14.7

Qy = y year ARI peak flow (m3/s)

C = runoff coefficient

y

It = y year ARI intensity over time ofconcentration (mm/hr)

A = drainage area (ha)

General Procedure for Estimating Peak Flow for a

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

85/97

g

Single Sub-Catchment using Rational Method

Select design ARI

Discretise sub- catchment

Estimate time of concentration

Determine average rainfall intensity,

ylt

Estimate runoff coefficients

Calculate average runoff coefficient

Calculate peak flow rate for the sub-

catchment

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

86/97

Rational Method CalculationWorked Example

Catchment

Area 10 ha

Main Drain

River

To determine the design peak for flow generated from a

minor drainage of medium density residential area of 10

hectares in Kuala Lumpur. Assume 80 m of overland

flow followed by 400 m of flow in an open drain.

Catchment area average slope = 0.5%.

1) Select design ARI Select design ARI for both minor &major drainage systems

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

87/97

major drainage systems

Table 4.1 : Design Storm ARIs for Urban Stormwater Systems

Type of Development Average Recurrence Interval (ARI) of

Design Storm (year)

(See Note 1) Quantity Quality

Minor

System

Major System

(see Note 2 and 3)

Open Space, Parks and Agricultural

Land in urban areas

1 up to 100 3 month ARI(for all types of

development)

Residential:

Low density

Medium density High density

2

5

10

up to 100

up to 100

up to 100

Commercial, Business and Industrial

Other than CBD5 up to 100

Commercial, Business, Industrial in

Central Business District (CBD) areas of

Large Cities

10 up to 100

2) Discretise sub-

t h t

Devide sub-catchment

i t t f

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

88/97

catchment into segments of

homogeneous land use

or surface slope

Catchment area average slope = 0.5%.

3) Estimate time of concentrationEstimate overland flow time

Estimate flow times for all other flow

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

89/97

) Estimate flow times for all other flowcomponents within the sub-catchment

such as kerb gutters, pipe and

channels, etc.

4) Determine average Calculate ylt for design ARI of yyears & duration equal to the

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

90/97

rainfall intensity, yltyears & duration equal to the

time of concentration, from IDF

data for area of interest

Table 13.2 Coefficients of the Fitted IDF Equation for Kuala Lumpur

(data period 1953-1983); Validity: 30

t

1000 minutes

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

91/97

5) Estimate runoff coefficientsDevide sub-catchment

i t t f

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

92/97

5) Estimate runoff coefficients into segments of

homogeneous land use

or surface slope

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

93/97

6) Calculate average runoff

coefficient

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

94/97

Design Chart 14.3 : Runoff Coefficients for Urban Catchments1.0

RunoffCoefficient,

C

Rainfall Intensity, I (mm/hr)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0

190 200

2

1

7

6

5

4

3

8

Impervious Roofs, Concrete

City Areas Full and Solidly Built Up

Urban Residential Fully Built Up with Limited Gardens

Surface Clay, Poor Paving, Sandstone Rock

Commercial & City Areas Closely Built Up

Semi Detached Houses on Bare Earth

Bare Earth, Earth with Sandstone Outcrops

Bare Loam, Suburban Residential with Gardens

Widely Detached Houses on Ordinary Loam

Suburban Fully Buil t Upon Sand Strata

Park Lawns and Meadows

Cultivated Fields with Good Growth

Sand Strata8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

7) Calculate peak flow rate for

the sub-catchmentCalculate peak flow rate

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

95/97

Qy = C.ylt. A

360

Exercise 6a

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

96/97

Exercise 6a

Based on the information below,determine the peak flow of residential area

in Malacca by using Urban Stormwater

Management Manual For Malaysia

(MSMA).Housing area = 20 hectares

Residential density = high density

Drainage type = major drainageLength of overland flow = 80 m

Length of the drain = 400 m

Slope average = 1%

Exercise 6b

8/10/2019 Topic 6 Cc606

97/97

Exercise 6b

Determine the design peak for flowgenerate from minor drainage of high

density residential area of 20 hectares in

Kuala Lumpur. Assume 100 m of

overland flow followed by 300 m of flow in

a open drain. The catchment area

average slope is 0.2 %

topic 6 cc606

Documents