TOPIC:Chapter 2, Section 2

The Quran andIslamic Empire

Sub topic #1 (left side of paper)What is the Quran (Koran)?Notes (right side of paper)The Quran is the holy book of the religion of IslamMuhammads followers wrote down the messages he received from Allah the Islamic god.They believe the Quran is gods written word

Sub topic #2 (left side of paper)What does the Quran say?Notes (right side of paper)Islam has only one god, AllahIt instructs people how to liveMuslims should:-be honest-treat others fairly-honor their parents-give to the poor-fulfill the Five Pillars of Faith

Sub topic #2 (left side of paper)What does the Quran say?Notes (right side of paper)1. Belief2. Prayer3. Charity4. Fasting5. PilgrimageMuslims cannot: murder, lie, steal, drink alcohol, eat pork, or gamble

Sub topic #3 (left side of paper)Who were the main caliphs and ruling groups?Notes (right side of paper)When Muhammad died a new leader was chosen. This person is called a caliph: leader of the Islamic EmpireThe first 4 caliphs after Muhammad were related to himThe Umayyad caliphs came after the first four.

Sub topic #3 (left side of paper)Who were the main caliphs and ruling groups?Notes (right side of paper)The Umayyad caliphs helped to make the empire larger

Their capital city was Damascus, Syria

The Islamic state became a great empire

Sub topic #3 (left side of paper)Who were the main caliphs and ruling groups?Notes (right side of paper) The Abbasids came after the UmayyadsThey built a new capital in Baghdad

They were focused on the arts, trade and education

Sub topic #3 (left side of paper)Who were the main caliphs and ruling groups?Notes (right side of paper)Muslims argued about who should be a caliphTwo groups emerged-Shiites: believe caliphs should be related to Muhammad-Sunnis: believe anyone could becaliph

Sub topic #3 (left side of paper)Who were the main caliphs and ruling groups?Notes (right side of paper) The Seljuk Turks-(warriors and nomads)took over the empireThey called their leader a sultanWhen Mongols (attackers from the East) burned the city down, the Islamic Empire ended.

Sub topic #4 (left side of paper)How did the Islamic Empire Expand over time?Notes (right side of paper)Muslims thought that fighting in the name of Islam would send them to paradiseThe language of Arabic spread all over the empireSufis spent their time teaching others about Islam

Sub topic #4 (left side of paper)How did Islamic Empire expand over time?Notes (right side of paper)Merchants spread Islam to the places they traveled, such as Indonesia.The African city of Timbuktu had many Muslims after merchants came there.

Muslims also spread to Spain. Islams great philosophers came from there