topic one: foundations of microbiology be able to explain ... · topic one: foundations of...

Topic One: Foundations of Microbiology Be able to explain how microbiology integrates into your course of study Understanding microbiology is essential in pathology. Many diseases and illnesses are caused my microbes including sepsis, basic infections, colds and flus etc. Antibiotics are used to treat many illnesses. We also need to understand microbiology for effective infection control as common harmless microbes can pose a threat to the sick and injured. List several ways in which microbes affect our lives 1. Responsible for producing 50% of the world’s oxygen via photosynthesis. 2. Some decompose waste/recycling. 3. Some make industrial chemicals such as ethanol and acetone 4. Some produce fermented foods such as cheese, bread, beer and wine. 5. Some make vaccines and pharmaceuticals. 6. Some contribute to mineral formation. 7. We would die without them! They digest our food and the microbes on our body surfaces keep bad bacteria out. 8. Biotechnology products. Eg Human insulin. NB. Only 2000 species of bacteria are disease causing. Know the correct taxonomic hierarchy (i.e. Know that Dumb Kids Playing Chicken On Freeways Get Squashed!) and use the correct taxonomic nomenclature to classify and name microorganisms like Escherichia coli Domain – Kingdom – Phylum – Class – Order – Family – Genus – Species Nomenclature devised by Carolus Linnaeus in 1735. Scientific name is binomial (has two parts). First part is the genus name and the second part is the specific epithet. Eg. Escherichia coli (Note that the genus name is capitalized and the specific epithet is not. Also both names must be either underlined or italicized). Once the name has been mentioned once it can then be abbreviated. Eg E.coli

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TopicOne:FoundationsofMicrobiology

Beabletoexplainhowmicrobiologyintegratesintoyourcourseofstudy

Understandingmicrobiologyisessentialinpathology.Manydiseasesandillnessesarecausedmymicrobesincludingsepsis,basicinfections,coldsandflusetc.Antibioticsareusedtotreatmanyillnesses.Wealsoneedtounderstandmicrobiologyforeffectiveinfectioncontrolascommonharmlessmicrobescanposeathreattothesickandinjured.

Listseveralwaysinwhichmicrobesaffectourlives

1. Responsibleforproducing50%oftheworld’soxygenviaphotosynthesis.2. Somedecomposewaste/recycling.3. Somemakeindustrialchemicalssuchasethanolandacetone4. Someproducefermentedfoodssuchascheese,bread,beerandwine.5. Somemakevaccinesandpharmaceuticals.6. Somecontributetomineralformation.7. Wewoulddiewithoutthem!Theydigestourfoodandthemicrobeson

ourbodysurfaceskeepbadbacteriaout.8. Biotechnologyproducts.EgHumaninsulin.

NB.Only2000speciesofbacteriaarediseasecausing.

Knowthecorrecttaxonomichierarchy(i.e.KnowthatDumbKidsPlayingChickenOnFreewaysGetSquashed!)andusethecorrecttaxonomicnomenclaturetoclassifyandnamemicroorganismslikeEscherichiacoli

Domain–Kingdom–Phylum–Class–Order–Family–Genus–Species

NomenclaturedevisedbyCarolusLinnaeusin1735.

Scientificnameisbinomial(hastwoparts).Firstpartisthegenusnameandthesecondpartisthespecificepithet.

Eg.Escherichiacoli(Notethatthegenusnameiscapitalizedandthespecificepithetisnot.Alsobothnamesmustbeeitherunderlinedoritalicized).

Oncethenamehasbeenmentionedonceitcanthenbeabbreviated.EgE.coli