Topics: Solar System & Luminosity of Stars

Our star the Sun

H-R DiagramPg. 15 in your best friend

H-R Diagram

• H-R Diagram– Main Sequence =– Red Giant =– White Dwarf =– Supernova =

Solar System Summary

•__

•__

•__

•H-R Diagram

• __

Fusion = __

H H

He

Planets

Inner Planets - Terrestrial

Mercury• Mostly basalt• Thin

atmosphere of H & He

Venus• Mostly basaltic rock• Atmosphere is CO2 and

N2

Earth

• Basalt and Granite Crust

• Atmosphere:– 78%

Nitrogen– 21% Oxygen– 1% Others

Mars

• Mostly basalt• Atmosphere:– CO2

– Nitrogen– Argon

Outer – Jovian Planets

Jupiter• Largest Planet• Possibly dark rocky interior, can’t tell• Atmosphere:– Hydrogen– Helium– Slight Methane

• Has rings!

Saturn

• Rings are 270,000 km in diameter• Rocky particles and ice make up the

rings• Atmosphere:– Hydrogen– Helium–Methane

Uranus

• Hydrogen and Helium atmosphere• Rings are dark, possibly rock material

North Pole

Neptune

• Rings are narrow and contain differing concentrations of particles in arc-shapes

• Atmosphere is Hydrogen and Helium

Dwarf Planet = Pluto

• Surface may be methane ice• Atmosphere may be methane and

nitrogen

Pluto

Charon, Pluto’s Moon

Other Objects in the Solar System

Asteroids

Comet

Meteor

•8 Planets

•Formed from a dust cloud of heavy elements from the remains of exploding stars. (Accretion)

•Inner Terrestrial Planets: Mercury—Mars

• __

•Outer Jovian Planets: Jupiter—Neptune

• __

• Fun Fact! Saturn will float in water—due it its low density

Planets and Moons Summary

Pg. 15 in your best friend

Order of the Universe

• Smallest to Largest:– Planet– Star– Solar System– Galaxy– Universe