topologies
TRANSCRIPT
ARZOO SOROUTAssistant Professor (CSE)
Advanced Educational Institutions www.advanced.edu.in
INTODUCTIONTO
TOPOLOGIES
Objectives
Describe the basic and hybrid LAN physical topologies, and their uses, advantages and disadvantages
Describe the backbone structures that form the foundation for most LANs
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Topology
The physical topology of a network refers to the configuration of cables, computers and other peripherals.
The main types of network topologies are:– Linear Bus– Star– Ring– Tree or Hybrid
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Bus topology
A bus topology consists of a main run of cable with a terminator at each end. All servers workstations and peripherals are connected to the linear cable
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Advantages of Bus Topology
Works well for small networks Relatively inexpensive to implement Easy to add to it
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Disadvantages of Bus Topology
Management costs can be high Potential for congestion with network traffic
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Star topology
A star network is designed with each node (file server, workstation, peripheral) connected directly to a central network hub or server
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Advantages Star topology
Good option for modern networks Low startup costs Easy to manage Offers opportunities for expansion Most popular topology in use; wide variety of
equipment available
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Disadvantages of Star topology
Hub is a single point of failure Requires more cable than the bus
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Ring topology
A ring network is one where all workstations and other devices are connected in a continuous loop. There is no central server
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Advantages of Ring Topology
Easier to manage; easier to locate a defective node or cable problem
Well-suited for transmitting signals over long distances on a LAN
Handles high-volume network traffic Enables reliable communication
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Disadvantages of Ring Topology
Expensive Requires more cable and network
equipment at the start Not used as widely as bus topology
– Fewer equipment options– Fewer options for expansion to high-speed
communication
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Tree or hybrid topology
A tree or hybrid topology combines characteristics of linear bus and star and/or ring topologies.
It consists of groups of star-configured workstations connected to a linear bus backbone cable
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Network Operating Software
Network operating systems co-ordinate the activities of multiple computers across a network
The two major types of network OS are:
– Peer-to-peer– Client/server
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Peer to peer network OS
– In peer to peer network OS, there is no file server or central management source; all computers are considered equal
– Peer to peer networks are design primarily for small to medium LANS
– AppleShare and Windows for Workgroups are examples of programs that can function as peer to peer
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Client/Server network OS
– Client/server network OS centralise functions and applications in one or more dedicated file servers.
– The file server provides access to resources and provides security
– Novel Netware and Windows NT Server are examples of client/server network operating systems
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Arzoo SoroutAssistant Professor( CSE)
Advanced Educational Institutions,70 km Milestone,
Delhi-Mathura Road, Dist. Palwal, Haryana-121105
+91–1275–398400, 302222
Email:- [email protected] website:- www.advance.edu.in