June 2016

Dear Parents and Guardians,

With the end of the school year quickly upon us, we know that you are making plans for your

child's summer vacation activities. Like most parents, you are aware that while the summer months

are a welcome opportunity for fun and relaxation, the break from school activities often causes

students to experience a lag in learning upon returning to school in the fall. In an effort to lessen this

effect, the fourth grade teachers have created summer reading requirements. These requirements

aim to help reduce the usual summer learning loss by providing assignments and suggestions for

students’ summer reading.

The guidelines for the program are simple. All students are asked to read at least two grade-

appropriate books from the fourth grade summer reading list over their vacation. The first book, The

Chocolate Touch is required of all rising fourth grade students. The students are then to complete

the reading comprehension questions attached in this packet. An assessment on The Chocolate

Touch will be given within the first two weeks of school. The second book is to be chosen by the

student from the attached list. Please complete the Character Collage Project using the selected

book. Directions have been provided. Both assignments will be due the first day of school.

Students may read more than one book and may complete more than one collage project. This is

highly encouraged in order to get them geared up for fourth grade. Please note, it is not necessary to

purchase any of the books, as you are encouraged to utilize your local library and reserve books early

to guarantee a copy.

We hope that you will join us in this important effort and assist your child in their summer

reading.

Thank you,

Mrs. Beadle and Mrs. Mastrangelo

©Katie Conklin

The

Chocolate

Touch By, Patrick Skene Catling

Novel Study By,

Katie Conklin

©Katie Conklin

Name: _________________________

V The Chocolate Touch

Pre-reading: Close your eyes and think about the title of this story.

Take a minute and draw the picture you made in your mind:

©Katie Conklin

Chapter 1 1.) What is the thing that John Midas LOVES? _________________________

2.) Finish this analogy: John: candy :: ___________: ___________ ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… … (your name here)

3.) John Midas spent the amount of money below on candy. ……How much did he spend? ___________

4.) Why did Mrs. Midas take John to the doctor? __________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

5.) Make a text to self connection and tell about a time you have been to the doctor: ___________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

6.) Draw a picture of what you think Dr. Cranium looks like:

©Katie Conklin

Chapters 2 and 3

1.) John found a coin. What did he use it to buy? _________________________

2.) If you found $5 on the street, what would you spend it on? _________

________________________________________________________________________________

3.) The doctor gave John a special tonic. Imagine what his face looked

like when his mother made him take it. Draw a picture John’s face:

4.) What happened when John brushed his teeth? ___________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

5.) What 3 words would you use to describe John’s sister, Mary?

__________________ __________________ __________________

6.) What do you predict will happen when John goes to school? ___________

________________________________________________________________________________

©Katie Conklin

Chapter 4

Below are some vocabulary words from chapter 4. Cut them apart and put the words into groups. Give each group of words a title.

habit chocolate thirsty

disgusting Buttercup school

coin tears Television

giggling soggy toast

©Katie Conklin

Chapters 5 and 6

1.) Who is Miss Plimsole? ________________________________

2.) John felt very anxious when he was being rushed to finish his math

test. Make a text to self connection and tell about a time you felt

anxious or nervous: ___________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

3.) Does Susan believe John when he tells her about his chocolate touch?

____________________

4.) What is John thirsty for? ____________________________

5.) Everything John eats turns to chocolate. If you could pick one food

where everything you ate turned to it, what would it be? ________________

Draw a picture of that food:

6.) Is eating chocolate all the time making John happier or sadder? _______

Tell how you know: ___________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

©Katie Conklin

CHAPTER 7

1.) Choose 3 words to describe John, write them below:

____________________ ____________________ ____________________

2.) On page 49, the author writes: “Enviously, John noticed a boy at a

nearby table suck at straws dipped in a milk bottle that was dull with

frost. John could imagine the taste of the cold, creamy milk.”

Draw a picture to show these sentences:

3.) John is sick of chocolate?

Would you be sick of chocolate if you were John? _______________________

4.) The author describes the lunch John bought from the cafeteria. What

is your favorite lunch to eat at school? ____________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

5.) Look at page 53. Can you find 3 adjectives on this page?

____________________ ____________________ ____________________

©Katie Conklin

Chapters 8 and 9

1.) Poor John Midas, he accidentally turned his trumpet to chocolate!

What do think he’ll tell his mother and father? _____________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

2.) Do you think they’ll believe him? ____________________________

3.) Who is Mrs. Quaver? ___________________________

4.) Susan had a birthday party. What is your favorite thing to do at a

birthday party? ______________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

5.) When John and Susan bobbed for apples John made the water turn to

chocolate. Susan was upset because the chocolate dripped on her dress.

Make a connection and tell about a time someone was upset with you.

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

6.) Imagine you woke up tomorrow with the chocolate touch.

Write 3 words telling how you would feel:

____________________ ____________________ ____________________

©Katie Conklin

Chapter 10

1.) When John and his father went back to look for the candy store,

what did they find? _________________________________

2.) Where did John’s dad take him before they went home? ________________

3.) What happened when Dr. Cranium gave John some of his special

medicine?_______________________________________________________________________

4.) What did Dr. Cranium call John’s chocolate touch? ______________________

________________________________________________________________________________

5.) What do you predict will happen to John? Will he live with the

chocolate touch forever?______________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

6.) If you had the chocolate touch, what would you want to turn to

chocolate? Draw a picture below to show this. Label your picture.

©Katie Conklin

Chapters 11 and 12

1.) How did Mrs. Midas react to John’s chocolatitis? ________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

2.) What happened when John kissed his mother? ____________________________

3.) What did John see in the store’s window? ______________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

4.) The store keeper said only what kind of people can see the coins John

found? ___________________________________

5.) What does the word GREEDY mean? *If you’re not sure, use a dictionary*

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

6.) Tell about a time you were greedy. ______________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

7.) The chocolate touch was given to John to teach him a lesson.

What lesson did he learn? ________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

©Katie Conklin

Gist

After reading The Chocolate Touch, answer the following:

Who?

What? When?

Where?

Why? How?

Write a 15 word summary using information from the boxes above:

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Fourth Grade Summer Reading List

Allie, First at Last, Angela CervantesAuggie & Me: Three Wonder Stories, R.J. Palacio Cake Pop Crush, Suzanne Nelson Captain Underpants series, Dav Pilkey Charlie and the Chocolate Factory , Roald DahlCleo Edison Oliver, Playground Millionaire, Sundee T. Frazier Cleopatra in Space series, Mike Maihack Crimebiters!: My Dog is Better Than Your Dog, Tommy Greenwald & Adam Stower Diary of a Wimpy Kid series, Jeff Kinney Dear Mr. Henshaw , Beverly ClearyFoxcraft: The Taken, Inbali Iserles Gaby, Lost and Found, Angela Cervantes Geronimo Stilton Micekings: Attack of the Dragons, Geronimo Stilton Goosebumps series, R.L. StineJudy Moody books, Megan McDonaldI Survived True Stories series, Lauren Tarshis It Came From Ohio!: My Life as a Writer, R.L. Stine Key Hunters series, Eric Luper Matilda , Roald DahlMiraculous Journey of Edward Tulane , Kate DiCamilloPercy Jackson and the Olympians Books , Rick RiordanRamona Quimby Books , Beverly ClearySave Me a Seat, Sarah Weeks & Gita VaradarajanSit, Stay, Love, J.J. Howard Some Kind of Courage, Dan Gemeinhart Sunny Side Up, Jennifer L. Holm & Matthew Holm The Baby-Sitters Club Graphix series, Ann M. Martin & Raina Telgemeier The Chronicles of Narnia books , C.S. LewisThe Fabled Fourth Graders of Aesop Elementary School , Candace FlemingThe Key to Extraordinary, Natalie LloydThe Oodlethunks: Oona Finds an Egg, Adele Griffin & Mike Wu There's a Boy in the Girl's Bathroom , Louis SacharTombQuest series, Michael Northrop Upside-Down Magic series, Sarah Mlynowski, Lauren Myracle & Emily Jenkins Whatever After series, Sarah Mlynowski Wings of Fire series, Tui T. Sutherland

DIRECTIONS:

Create a collage using magazine clippings, computer images, anything that respresents

your book. Be creative and colorful. Arrange and paste your collage on a piece of

construction paper no larger than 12” x 18”. Please no posterboards.

On a piece of looseleaf or copy paper, write about one of these options:

• Option A: Write a journal entry from the point of view of a character of your

choce. The entry must be at least 2 paragraphs long.

• Option B: Write a “final chapter” that could have happened after your book

ended. This is your chance to re-write the enf of the book. Must be at

least 2 paragraphs long.

All writing must be in your best cursive or typed.

After you have completed both parts of your collage project, use the attached rubric to

evalute your written work. This rubric is what your teacher will be using to grade you as

well. You will also be graded on the creativity and effort of your collage.

5th

Gra

de W

ritin

g Ru

bric

N

AME:

IDEA

S O

RGAN

IZAT

ION

VO

ICE

WO

RD C

HO

ICE

SEN

T. F

LUEN

CY

CON

VEN

TIO

NS

FIN

AL

SCO

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!4"

3"

2"

1"

Ideas:"Did$you$stay$

focused$and$share$original$

and$fresh$information$or$

perspective$on$the$topic?!

!

Topic!is!specific,!focused,!

and!holds!the!reader’s!

attention.!Ideas!are!clear!

and!supported!with!lots!of!

relevant!details!or!facts.!

Topic!is!specific!and!holds!

the!reader’s!attention.!

Ideas!are!clear!and!

supported!with!some!

relevant!details!or!facts.!

Topic!is!not!fully!defined.!

Some!ideas!are!confusing!

or!not!clearly!explained.!

Some!details!or!facts!are!

missing!or!irrelevant.!!

The!writer!is!still!in!

search!of!a!topic.!Ideas!are!

confusing!or!not!clearly!

explained.!Details!are!

missing!or!irrelevant.!

Organization:"Does$the$

structure$of$your$writing$

make$the$piece$easier$to$

understand?$!

Inviting!introduction!and!

satisfying!conclusion!are!

present.!Transitions!

connect!logically!

sequenced!paragraphs.!

Good!introduction!and!

conclusion!are!present.!

Some!transitions!are!used!

to!connect!effectively!

sequenced!paragraphs.!

Introduction!is!unclear.!

Conclusion!is!rushed!or!

not!fully!developed.!

Paragraphs!are!structured!

effectively!and!ordered.!

Missing!introduction!or!

conclusion.!Paragraphs!

are!unstructured!or!out!of!

order.!Writing!is!missing!a!

clear!sense!of!direction.!

Voice:"W

ould$you$keep$

reading$this$piece$if$it$were$

longer?$Is$it$enjoyable$for$

you$to$read?!

The!author!is!passionate,!

engaging,!and!compelling.!

Strong!details!and!

language!are!used!to!

connect!w

ith!the!reader.!

The!author!is!personal!

and!engaging.!Language!

and!details!begin!to!

connect!w

ith!the!reader.!A!

clear!pointGofGview!exists.!

The!author!is!sincere,!but!

not!fully!engaged!or!

involved.!Language!and!

details!struggle!to!connect!

with!the!reader.!!

The!writer!is!uninvolved!

with!the!audience!and!

topic.!Details!are!missing!

or!used!inappropriately.!

Word"Choice:!Do$the$

words$and$phrases$create$

vivid$pictures$that$linger$in$

your$mind?!

Striking!words!and!

phrases!are!used!to!create!

precise!and!vivid!imagery.!

Lively!verbs!and!specific!

nouns!used!effectively.!

Words!are!accurate!and!

correct.!Everyday!nouns!

and!familiar!verbs!are!

used!with!some!attempts!

at!colorful!language.!

Some!words!are!

inaccurate!or!distracting.!!

Some!words!or!parts!of!

speech!are!misused.!

Limited!colorful!language.!!

Many!words!are!

inaccurate!or!distracting.!

Many!words!or!parts!of!

speech!are!misused.!

Limited!vocabulary!used.!

Sentence"Fluency:"Do$

your$words$and$phrases$

flow$together$when$you$

read$the$piece$aloud?!

Sentences!are!well!

constructed,!varying!in!

length!and!beginnings.!

Sentences!flow!easily!and!

communicate!effectively.!

Sentences!are!usually!of!

similar!length,!but!

constructed!correctly.!

Sentence!beginnings!are!

sometimes!varied.!

Sentences!are!the!same!

length!and!usually!

constructed!correctly.!

Some!sentences!are!

awkward!or!incomplete.!

Sentences!begin!the!same!

way!and!are!choppy,!

incomplete,!rambling,!or!

awkward.!Phrasing!does!

not!sound!natural.!

Conventions:"Did$you$

use$proper$punctuation,$

capitalization,$spelling,$

and$gram

mar?!

Spelling!is!correct.!

Punctuation!is!accurate.!

Capitalization!skills!are!

present.!Gram

mar!and!

usage!are!correct.!

Spelling!and!punctuation!

is!mostly!accurate.!Few!

errors!in!grammar,!usage,!

and!capitalization.!

Evidence!of!revisions.!

Mistakes!in!punctuation,!

capitalization!and!spelling!

are!evident.!Gram

mar!and!

usage!mistakes!interfere!

with!the!message.!

Frequent!spelling!errors.!

Punctuation!missing!or!

incorrect.!Capitalization!is!

random

.!Errors!in!usage!

and!gram

mar.!

Writ

ing

Rub

ric

June 2016

Dear Parent and Guardians,

In addition to their required reading and book report, the students will also need to work on

their mathematics this summer. It is our goal that every student know all of their multiplication

facts when they enter the fourth grade. It is very important that every child know his/her facts as it is

a third grade math standard. If a student enters fourth grade without knowing their facts they will fall

behind and we want to ensure that this does not happen.

Students must know their multiplication facts not just to multiply, but also for division, fractions,

percents, prime and composite numbers, area and volume calculations, and conversions between

measurements. Because these skills require multiplication, students who know their facts tend to get

much higher math grades than those who do not. Please help your student to be successful in fourth

grade math by starting them off on the right foot. Practice multiplication facts with them for 20

minutes a night until they learn all the facts. After the facts are mastered, continue to practice for ten

minutes a night after that to guarantee they retain all the facts they learned. Please review addition

and subtraction facts as well, as these are often sadly overlooked and gravely ignored.

The completed math packet is due the first day of school. Be prepared to be tested on

some of these skills during the first week of school.

Thank you,

Mrs. Beadle and Mrs. Mastrangelo

Math Practice Websiteswww.funbrain.com – go to math arcadewww.mathplayground.comwww.coolmath4kids.comwww.gamequarium.com – go to math sectionwww.aplusmath.comwww.playkidsgames.com – go to math gameswww.tenmarks.com- online summer math program (it is free this summer so please take advantage)www.mathletics.com (student accounts from 3rd grade may still be accessible over the summer- it doesn’t hurt to try!)

5

Entering 4th Grade Summer Math Packet First Name: ___________________________ Last Name:____________________________________ 4th Grade Teacher: _____________________ I have checked the work completed:__________________________________________________ Parent Signature DO NOT use a calculator when completing this packet.

1. Write the products: Practice any you do not know quickly. 4 8 11 2 2 7 10 12 6 5 9 5 0 x2 x4 x2 x5 x3 x5 x3 x4 x3 x4 x4 x3 x2 3 9 2 5 7 10 6 5 11 1 4 8 11 x3 x5 x7 x5 x4 x4 x4 x2 x5 x3 x5 x2 x4 6 8 6 3 9 10 12 3 7 4 9 4 12 x5 x4 x2 x4 x3 x2 x3 x5 x3 x4 x2 x3 x2 2. Mrs. Count was born in the year one thousand, nine hundred forty-two. In what year was she born? A. 1429 B. 1492 C. 1924 D. 1942 3. Which correctly completes the number sentences? 53,277 <__________ A. 49,999 B. 50,400 C. 52,388 D. 61,003 4. Which number is fifty-two thousand, three hundred nine? A. 5,239 B. 52,039 C. 52,309 D. 52,390 5. What is the digit in the ten-thousands place of the number 68,173? A. 1 B. 6 C. 8

6 6. What is the place value of the 8 in the number 5,280? A. ones B. tens C. hundreds D. thousands 7. Which number is equal to 5,912? A. 5 hundreds, 9 tens, and 12 ones B. 5 thousands, 91 hundreds, and 12 ones C. 5 thousands, 9 hundreds, and 12 ones D. 5 thousands, 9 hundreds, 1 ten, and 2 ones 8. The number 9,036 is equal to which of the following? A. 900 + 30 + 6 B. 90 + 30 + 6 C. 9000 + 30 + 6 9. Which number means 7 thousands, 4 tens and 5 ones? A. 745 B. 7,045 C. 7,450 10. Which number goes in the blank to make the statement below true? 5,642 < _____ < 6,633

A. 6,931 B. 5,610 C. 6,745 D. 5,841

11. When counting by 6’s, which of the following patterns is correct? A. 0, 6, 12, 16, 22, 28, 34 B. 0, 6, 12, 18, 25, 31, 37 C. 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36 12. What number comes next in this pattern 41, 43, 45, 47, _____? A. 48 B. 49 C. 50 13. Which number can be shared in two equal groups with no remainder? A. 85 B. 490 C. 223 14. Martina has a new box of 64 crayons. She drops the box and 17 crayons are broken. How many crayons are NOT broken?

A. 47 crayons B. 57 crayons C. 53 crayons D. 81 crayons

7 15. How much is 2,470 + 1,423? Show your work. A. 1,053 B. 3,763 C. 3,893 Remember “bottom bigger better borrow” when subtracting. Do you need to borrow from the tens? 16a. 82 subtract 65 = 16b. 61 subtract 18 = A. 17 A. 52 B. 23 B. 57 C. 27 C. 43 D. 13 D. 47 17a. 80 subtract 34 = 17b. 85 subtract 64 = A. 54 A. 19 B. 46 B. 21 C. 56 C. 11 18. How much are 8,965 subtracting 3,525? Show your work. A. 5,440 C. 6,440 B. 5,480 D. 12,490 19. The lunchroom serves only hamburgers and pizza on Mondays. Last Monday, 314 students bought a lunch. There were 97 students who bought hamburgers. Which of the following is closest to the number of students who bought pizza? A. 100 students B. 200 students C. 300 students D. 400 students 20. The best estimate of the sum of 389 and 403 is: A. 600 B. 700 C. 800 D. 900 21. Which division statement is related to 6 x 4? A. 24 divided by 4 B. 64 divided by 4 C. 10 divided by 6 D. 24 divided by 3 22. The division 354 divided by 6 can be used to solve which of the following problems? A. How many school children there will be if 6 new students enroll at a school with 354 students? B. How many school children will there be in a school if 6 students move away from a school with

354 students? C. How many tables for 6 are needed to sit 354 people? D. How many celery plants are planted in 6 rows if each row has 354 plants?

8 23. There are 36 pieces of gum in a bag. Mom empties the bag by giving 6 pieces to each of her children. How many children does she have?

A. 36 divided by 6 = 6 children B. 36 + 6 = 42 children C. 36 divided by 9 = 4 children D. 36 – 30 = 6 children

24. A classroom has 5 rows of desks with 5 desks in each row. Which number sentence shows how to figure this out?

A. 5 + 5 = 10 desks B. 5 x 5 = 25 desks C. 2 x 5 = 10 desks D. 5 divided by 5 = 25 desks

25. Which of the following is a true statement? A. 8 x 2 = 4 x 4 B. 1 x 1 = 1 + 1 C. 10 x 3 = 10 + 10 D. 6 x 6 = 5 x 5 +1 26. There are 8 socks in Vic’s drawer. How many pairs are there? A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 16 27. Which of the following is true? A. 6 x 3 = 4 x 4 B. 20 – 5 = 19 – 3 C. 9 + 8 = 10 + 7 D. 2 x 3 = 2 + 3 28. Which multiplication fact can be used to find the answer to 56 ÷ 7? A. 7 x 5 B. 7 x 8 C. 56 x 7 29. Susie wants to share 30 candies among 6 friends. How many candies will each friend get? A. 8 B. 7 C. 6 D. 5 30. What is the missing number in the problem 54 divided by _____ = 6? A. 7 B. 8 C. 9

9 31. What is the missing number in the problem 7 x _____ = 56 A. 7 B. 8 C. 9 32. Solve this problem in your head: 500 x 6 = A. 300 B. 530 C. 3000 33. John had exactly 32 pennies. He sorted the pennies into stacks of 5 pennies each. How many pennies were left over?

A. 37 B. 6 C. 2 D. 0

34. 27 students want to join teams for relay races. Each team must have 4 students. How many complete teams can be made? Would any students be left out, if any? A. 5 complete teams with 2 students left out B. 6 complete teams with 3 students left out C. 7 complete teams with 0 students left out 35. May has 10 eggs that she can use to make cookies for the bake sale. Each cookie recipe calls for 3 eggs. How many full recipes can she make and how many eggs will be left over, if any? A. 2 full recipes with 4 eggs left over B. 3 full recipes with no eggs left over C. 3 full recipes with 1 egg left over 36. Which picture represents the equation 12 ÷ 3 = 4?

37. A teacher marks 10 of her students’ tests every half hour. It takes her one and one half hours to mark all her students’ tests. How many students are in her class? A. 5 B. 15 C. 20 D. 30

10 38. What fraction is shown by this strip?

A. B. C.

39. Which of these two fractions are equivalent? Draw fraction strips to help you figure this out.

A. B. C.

40. Since 4 x 10 = 40, and 40 x 5 = 200, then which of the following is true? A. 14 x 45 = 200 B. 4 x 10 x 40 = 200 C. 4 x 10 x5 = 200 D. 40 x 10 x 5 = 200

41. Which two of these fractions are equivalent?

A. B. C.

42. Which set shows fractions ordered from least to greatest? Draw a picture. A. 1, 1 , 6

4 2 8

B. 1 , 1 , 1 2 4 8 C. 1 , 2 , 3 2 4 8

11 43. Which number sentence is best represented by the model below? 0 1/4 2/4 3/4 1

A. ¼ + 2/4 = ¾ B. ¾ - ¼ = ¾ C. ¾ - ¼ = 2/4 D. ¾ + 2/4 = ¾

44. Which group of fractions is in order from least to greatest? Draw a picture. A. 2/2, 3/8, 3/4 B. 2/2, 3/4, 3/8 C. 3/4, 3/8, 2/2 D. 3/8, 3/4, 2/2 45. Which set shows fractions ordered from least to greatest? Draw a picture. A. 1/4 , 1/2 , 6/8 B. 1/2 , 1/4 , 1/8 C. 1/2 , 2/4 , 3/8 46. Insert < , > , or = in the following blank lines. Draw a picture to help you.

A. 1/5 _____ 1/9 B. 1/6 _____ 1/3 C. 4/5 _____ 2/5 D. 1/2 _____ 2/4 E. 2/6 _____ 4/6

47. How many half dollars are there in $4.50? A. 9 half dollars B. 18 half dollars C. 10 half dollars 48. Ben, Susan, Alex and Tonya each received ¹⁄� of a dollar. How much is that? A. $25 B. $.025 C. $0.25 D. $2.5 49. Eva has $4.00 to spend on apples. Each apple costs $0.50. How many apples can Eva buy? A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8 50. Which coins does 0.50 and 0.25 represent? A. 2 quarters and 2 dimes B. 1 nickel and 1 quarter C. 1 half dollar and 1 quarter D. 5 dimes and 1 nickel

NAME: ____________________________________________

Math Packet Answer Sheet

DIRECTIONS: While you should show ALL work in the packet itself, final answers should be transfered to this paper. Please write the letter or complete answer choice on the lines provided below.

1. __________________________2. __________________________3. __________________________4. __________________________5. __________________________6. __________________________7. __________________________8. __________________________9. __________________________10. __________________________11. __________________________12. __________________________13. __________________________14. __________________________15. __________________________16. __________________________17. __________________________18. __________________________19. __________________________20. __________________________21. __________________________22. __________________________23. __________________________24. __________________________25. __________________________

26. __________________________27. __________________________28. __________________________29. __________________________30. __________________________31. __________________________32. __________________________33. __________________________34. __________________________35. __________________________36. __________________________37. __________________________38. __________________________39. __________________________40. __________________________41. __________________________42. __________________________43. __________________________44. __________________________45. __________________________46. __________________________47. __________________________48. __________________________49. __________________________50. __________________________