ToxidromesToxidromeAnticholinergic

PresentationDelirium, Flushed Skin, Dilated Pupils, Urinary Retention, Decreased Bowel Sounds, Memory Loss, SeizuresHot as a Hare, Dry as a Bone, Red as a Beet, Blind as a Bat

Vital Sign Changes Causative AgentsTachycardia Hyperthermia Hypertension Antihistamines Scopolamine Jimson Weed Angel Trumpet Benztropine Tricyclic AntiDepressants Atropine Organophosphates Carbamates Mushrooms

Cholinergic

Hallucinogenic

Opiate/Narcotic

Confusion, Weakness, Salivation, Lacrimation, Defecation, Emesis, Diaphoresis, Muscle Fasciculations, Miosis, Seizures Disorientation, Hallucinations, Visual Illusions, Panic Reaction, Moist Skin, Hyperactive Bowel Sounds, Seizures Altered Mental Status, Unresponsiveness, Miosis, Shock Coma, Stupor, Confusion, Sedation, Progressive Deterioration of CNS Function Delusions, Paranoia, Diaphoresis, Piloerection, Mydriasis, Hyperreflexia, Seizures, Anxiety

Bradycardia Hypothermia Tachypnea

Tachycardia Tachypnea Hypertension

Amphetamines Cannabinoids Cocaine Phencyclidine (PCP) Opiates Propoxyphene Dextromethorphan Barbiturates Benzodiazepines Ethanol Anticonvulsants Cocaine Amphetamines Methamphetamine PhenylpropanoLamine Ephedrine Pseudoephedrine Albuterol Ma huang

Sedative/Hypnotic

Shallow Respirations Slow Respiratory Rate Bradycardia Hypothermia Hypotension Apnea

Sympathomimetic

Tachycardia Bradycardia (if pure alpha agonist) Hypertension