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Prepared by June 2017 The views expressed in the report are those of the consultant, and do not present an official view of the European Commission. Trade SIA in support of negotiations on a plurilateral Trade in Services Agreement (TiSA) Annexes to the Final Report

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Page 1: Trade SIA in support of negotiations on a plurilateral ... · Textiles, Clothing and Leather Canada Panama Oil, Gas, Coal Switzerland Peru Chemicals, Petrochemicals Chile Philippines

Prepared by June 2017 The views expressed in the report are those of the consultant, and do not present an official view of the European Commission.

Trade SIA in support of negotiations on a plurilateral Trade in Services Agreement

(TiSA)

Annexes to the Final Report

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EUROPEAN COMMISSION

Directorate-General for Trade Directorate B — Services and Investment, Intellectual Property and Public Procurement Unit B.1. — Services

Contact: Christophe Kiener

E-mail: [email protected]

European Commission B-1049 Brussels

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EUROPEAN COMMISSION

Directorate-General for TRADE Trade Sustainability Impact Assessment June 2017

Trade SIA in support of negotiations on a plurilateral Trade in Services Agreement

(TiSA) Annexes to the Final Report

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Trade SIA in support of negotiations on a plurilateral Trade in Services Agreement (TiSA)

4 June 2017

LEGAL NOTICE

This document has been prepared for the European Commission however it reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://www.europa.eu).

Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2017

ISBN: 978-92-79-68867-6 doi: 10.2781/453983

© European Union, 2017 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged.

Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union.

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EUROPEAN COMMISSION

Directorate-General for TRADE Trade Sustainability Impact Assessment June 2017

Table of Contents ANNEX A: TECHNICAL ANNEX FOR ECONOMIC MODELLING .............................................. 7 

ANNEX B: CGE TABLES ............................................................................................... 28 

ANNEX C: SOCIAL ANALYSIS: INDICATOR SOURCES AND RANKING ................................. 98 

ANNEX D: HUMAN RIGHTS BASELINE INDICATORS....................................................... 102 

ANNEX E: ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS: INDICATOR SOURCES AND RANKING .................. 108 

ANNEX F: IN-DEPTH SECTOR ANALYSES ..................................................................... 122 

ANNEX G: STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS ................................................................. 131 

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Trade SIA in support of negotiations on a plurilateral Trade in Services Agreement (TiSA)

6 June 2017

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EUROPEAN COMMISSION

Directorate-General for TRADE Trade Sustainability Impact Assessment June 2017

Annex A: Technical Annex for economic modelling In this annex we provide an overview of the modelling exercise summarized in the main body of the report. This involves two primary steps. The first is the development of a structural computational model of production and trade, where the parameterization of the model, including trade parameters and policy shocks, is based on econometric estimates. The second is the specification if the experiment itself.

A.1. The quantitative model of production and trade

We employ the general equilibrium model with multiple countries, multiple sectors, intermediate linkages and multiple factors of production, as developed in Bekkers et al (2013). Trade is modelled as in Eaton and Kortum (2002) with the remaining structure of the model largely following the GTAP model (Hertel, 2013). The main difference from GTAP is the incorporation of an Eaton and Kortum structure, where we follow Bekkers at al (2016) in terms of implementation. We also derive the gravity equation for structural estimation of the trade elasticities and changes in trade costs from this model. The model set-up and calibration combine features of the older computable general equilibrium (CGE) models (cf. Dixon and Jorgenson, 2013), with the micro-foundations of the more recent quantitative trade models (see Costinot and Rodríguez-Clare, 2013, for an overview). This means we model trade linkages with the improved micro-founded Eaton and Kortum (2002) structure, and that we have structurally estimated the trade parameters and relevant trade cost changes employing a gravity model derived from the theoretical model.

In the computational model, the “whole” economy, for the relevant aggregation of economic agents, is modelled simultaneously. This means that the entire economy is classified into production and consumption sectors. These sectors are then modelled collectively. Production sectors are explicitly linked together in value-added chains from primary goods, through higher stages of processing, to the final assembly of consumption goods for households and governments. These links span borders as well as industries. The link between sectors is both direct, such as the input of steel into the production of transport equipment, and also indirect, as with the link between chemicals and agriculture through the production of fertilizers and pesticides. Sectors are also linked through their competition for resources in primary factor markets (capital, labour, and land). The data structure of the model follows the GTAP database structure, and basic models of this class are implemented in either the GEMPACK or GAMS software package (Horridge et al 2013; Hertel 1997, 2013). At its core, the GTAP database is a multi-region input output (MRIO) database supplemented with data on taxes and emissions, and organized as a form of balanced social accounting matrix. We work here with a GEMPACK implementation of our model. To fit our global data to the theoretical model, following Egger and Nigai (2015) and Bekkers et al (2015), total trade costs and technology parameters are fit from actual import shares (calibration), imposing an exact. Changes in trade costs (the CGE experiments themselves) follow from gravity-based estimates of trade costs as discussed below, where the gravity specification is based on the Eaton-Kortum theoretical framework for trade and production.

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Figure A.1 Production Structure

Figure A.2 Consumption Structure

The general conceptual structure of a regional economy in the model is detailed in Figures A-1 and A-2 above. On the production side, firms produce output, employing land, labour, capital, and natural resources and combine these with intermediate inputs, within each region/country. In technical firms, we model a combination of value added and intermediate inputs, where intermediates (both imported and domestic) are combined in fixed proportions along with value added (known as a Leontief function). Value added itself (labour, capital, etc.) involves what is known as a CES functional form. Firm output is then purchased by consumers, government, the investment sector, and by other firms, and detailed in Figure A-2. Firm output can be and is also sold for export. In the model, arable land is only employed in the agricultural sectors, while capital and labour (both skilled and unskilled) are mobile between all production sectors. While capital is assumed to be fully mobile within regions, land, labour and natural resources are not.

Leontief

Output

Domestic supply

Exports

intermediate inputsendowmentsfactor inputs

CES

CES

CES

unskilled

skilled

land

capital

import domestic

r sources of imports

Total Final Demand

Private Consumption

Government Consumption

Investment

domestic imported domestic imported domestic imported

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EUROPEAN COMMISSION

Directorate-General for TRADE Trade Sustainability Impact Assessment June 2017

Table A.1 Model regions and sectors

Sectors Regions

Agriculture, Forestry, Fisheries Rest of ASEAN New Zealand

Other primary Australia EU neighbours

Processed Food Brazil Pakistan

Textiles, Clothing and Leather Canada Panama

Oil, Gas, Coal Switzerland Peru

Chemicals, Petrochemicals Chile Philippines

Electronic Equipment China Paraguay

Other machinery Colombia Rest of world

Metals Costa Rica Russia

Motor Vehicles European Union Singapore

Other Transport Equipment Hong Kong Thailand

Lumber, Wood, Paper Indonesia Turkey

Other Manufactures India Taiwan

Water Transport rest of EFTA Uruguay

Air Transport Israel United States

Other Transport Japan Vietnam

Communications Cambodia Trade Korea Finance Laos Insurance Least developed countries Business, professional services Morocco ICT services Mexico Construction Mauritius Personal Services Malaysia Public Services Norway

We work with a 25-sector 41-region database of global production and trade, as detailed in Table A-1. This is based on the GTAP9 database (Aguiar et al 2016). These data are projected from the year to 2011 to 2025 based on short-run projections by the IMF on changes in the trade balance and GDP, long run projections for GDP growth from the OECD, and population and labour supply projections from the UN. Details on projected values are reported in Table A-2. In Projecting GDP levels (on a PPP level) to 2025, we also implement within the model a number of recent signed agreements. This includes TPP, EU-Singapore, EU-Canada, and EU-Korea. Where these agreements include services bindings, they are modelled as explained below for our experiment design. The projection provides the baseline on which experiments are then run. The underlying macroeconomic projection data are summarized in Table A-2. In the experiments themselves, we follow the literature and employ recursive dynamics1 to link changes in investment expenditure to changes in capital stocks. This involves a fixed savings rate, with changes in savings following from changes in income levels. This change is then transmitted into investment and hence into

1 Both recursive dynamics and forward looking dynamics are “full dynamics.” Evidence from behavioural economics is that savings behviour tends to be sticky, and so recursive dynamics is preferred. Indeed, the dynamic specification employed here is likt that employed in projection-based climate modelling.

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changes in capital stocks. (See Francois, McDonald, and Nordstrom 1996 and Bekkers et al 2016 for technical discussion).

Table A.2 Annual GDP (PPP basis) Population, and Labour Force Growth 2011-2025

PPP GDP Population Labour force Rest of ASEAN 3.047 1.487 1.370 Australia 3.190 1.495 0.740 Brazil 3.525 0.730 1.044 Canada 2.315 1.025 0.277 Switzerland 1.868 0.543 0.684 Chile 4.324 0.763 0.794 China 7.555 0.215 0.192 Colombia 4.002 1.145 1.361 Costa Rica 4.252 1.271 1.227 European Union 1.688 0.262 -0.393 Hong Kong 3.303 0.795 -0.196 Indonesia 6.420 0.802 1.532 India 6.506 1.187 1.520 rest of EFTA 2.944 1.355 0.677 Israel 4.126 2.113 1.088 Japan 1.036 -0.197 -0.862 Cambodia 6.615 0.908 2.003 Korea 3.593 0.199 0.084 Laos 7.312 1.240 2.683 lest developed countries 5.579 1.988 2.778 Morocco 5.221 0.727 1.285 Mexico 3.328 1.007 1.594 Mauritius 4.109 0.492 0.349 Malaysia 4.652 1.424 1.879 Norway 2.117 1.055 -0.079 New Zealand 2.276 1.009 0.589 EU neighbours 4.421 1.204 1.283 Pakistan 4.074 1.718 2.469 Panama 6.174 1.282 1.804 Peru 5.326 0.709 1.675 Philippines 4.699 1.571 2.180 Paraguay 4.739 1.429 2.080 Rest of world 4.452 1.529 1.879 Russia 3.644 -0.096 -1.074 Singapore 3.407 1.002 1.123 Thailand 4.688 0.468 0.015 Turkey 4.201 1.012 1.263 Taiwan 3.276 0.199 0.084 Uruguay 3.594 0.146 0.496 United States 2.548 0.779 0.328 Vietnam 6.264 0.841 1.080 Source: UN population data are from UN DESA, while PPP GDP projections are from IIASA/OECD.

A.2. Services Trade Costs and the Experiments

A.2.1 Background

In the present application, we are interested in reductions in trade costs. In particular, we are interested in trade costs related to policy uncertainty due to binding overhang, or the gap between bound commitments and actual applied policy. Binding overhang is a well-documented challenge

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Directorate-General for TRADE Trade Sustainability Impact Assessment June 2017

to the WTO system for both goods (Blackhurst et al 1996, Francois and Martin 2003) and for services (Hoekman 1996; Borchert, Gootiiz and Mattoo 2011). Based on bindings for goods, we have evidence that binding overhang is itself a barrier to investment. This includes Handley (2014). In the case of services, there is a substantial gap between commitments made both in the GATS and in regional agreements compared to actual policy, as discussed below. Discussion on options on how to fix this gap between actual market access and bound commitments under the GATS began even before the Uruguay Round Agreements were signed (see Sauvé 1995; Hoekman 1996).

Based on the economic literature on policy uncertainty as discussed below, we can state that there are valid reasons to expect that policy uncertainty may itself suppress general macroeconomic conditions, including the incentives for international trade. The basic logic is that investors are in reality averse to risk. As such, increased risk, including from policy uncertainty, reduces the willingness of investors to commit resources. The end result is that, like a tax on investment returns, uncertainty about market conditions can drive reallocation of resources to other sectors. Indeed, while for this study we focus on the relatively narrow question of uncertainty linked to guaranteed conditions for market access in services, the linkages between macroeconomic conditions and trade barriers are deeper, and include both tariff and non-tariff measures. For example, Rodrik (1992, 1993), Francois (1996) and Baker, Bloom, and Davis (2015) all emphasize macroeconomic effects (e.g. the impact on incentives for investment) from policy uncertainty, while Francois and Martin (1997, 2004) and Handley (2014) focus specifically on the benefits of tariff bindings. In the context of, policy commitments and investor protection, increased certainty of commitments can be seen as beneficial on several levels (again see Rodrik 1992). Examples include both the Eastern Enlargement of the EU, and Mexico’s simultaneous joining of the GATT and NAFTA as signalling of commitments to more stable policy regimes (see the discussion in Baldwin et al 1997; Francois 1997). In the context of the WTO, developing countries were given negotiating credit in the Uruguay Round specifically for entering ceiling bindings on tariffs even when those were well above applied rates (Blackhurst 1996), again signalling that WTO Members value bindings. The same concept of credit for bindings, even when applied policies do not actually have to change, was also contemplated for the Doha Round (Francois and Martin 2003).

In the context of services commitments in the GATS, gaps between bound and applied rates are the norm rather than the exception (Hoekman 1996; Borchert, Gootiiz and Mattoo 2011, 2014). “GATS’ structure allows Members not to bind the status quo in many sectors… The fundamental question is whether GATS will induce Members to go further in future negotiating rounds.” (Hoekman 1996 p. 117). Based on the assessment of Borchert, Gootiiz and Mattoo 2011, tabled commitments under the Doha agenda did not represent any real substantive change in this situation.

A.2.2. The Basic Approach

The approach we follow here is to estimate a reduced form of trade cost following from the gap between bound policy commitments under the GATS and actual applied policy, using a gravity model. In essence, using our measure of the gap between bound market access and actual market access as a metric for sector-specific policy uncertainty linked to market access (i.e. how secure are current market access conditions) we estimate the iceberg trade cost necessary to yield the same identified impact on trade from this uncertainty.2 The gravity equation itself follows from a range of standard models (including the EK framework). For bilateral trade in services, we have estimated a gravity equation using Poisson quasi-maximum likelihood (so allowing for zeroes in trade). This means we model bilateral trade in services as taking the following basic form:

(1) E vi , j ,t X e X

where

2 As discussed in the previous subsection, uncertainty can induce risk averse agents to reallocate resources to less risky alternatives. In this sense, policy uncertainty at sector level effectively like a dead-weight taxt hat induces a shift in resources. In the present context, as the policy uncertainty we are interested in is market access related, we use a gravity model to quantify the impact on trade flows.

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(2) Xi , j ,t i ,t Di ,t j ,t Dj ,t kk zi , j ,k,t

In equations 1 and 2 , the term vi,j,t represents bilateral trade flows from exporter i to importer j in time period t; while θ is the set of coefficients applied to explanatory variables X, and the explanatory variables can themselves be broken down into time-varying exporter fixed effects Di,t, time-varying importer and exporter fixed-effects Dj,t, and pairwise variables (some time-varying, some not) zi,j,t. The time varying importer and exporter fixed effects capture annual supply and demand related variables that are country specific. These variables are all discussed in more detail in the next subsection.

A.2.3 Source Data and Regression Results

Our data come from a number of sources. Trade data come from an updated version of the Trade in Services Database available from the World Bank (http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/trade-in-services). Pairwise variables also come from a number of sources. Distance comes from the CEPII database, as do several other pairwise variables pertaining to colonial history, common border, etc. (Mayer and Zignago 2006). For services trade policy, we require a measure of both bindings and applied rates. The OECD has recently released its services trade restriction index for 40 countries (Geloso Grosso, M., et al. 2015), while the World Bank has conducted a similar exercise for 103 countries. Both STRIs provide valuable information linking regulation (inherently qualitative) to quantitative market access measures. In both cases, regulatory data are used to assign scores indicating relative degrees of impact on openness. This may include for example ownership share restrictions when establishing an affiliate operation, or limits on the right to provide professional services based on nationality. In the case of World Bank data, such scoring of regulatory measures is then classified based on GATS modes. These scopes are then combined to yield STRIs by mode, and then also overall. (See Borchert, Gootiiz and Mattoo 2011, 2014 for technical details. Further documentation and the underlying regulatory data are available online: http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/services-trade-restrictions). The OECD indexes are not organized strictly by GATS mode. Rather, they are organised based on the nature of restrictions: FDI restrictions; mobility of persons restrictions; other discriminatory measures; barriers to competition; and regulatory transparency. While the emphasis of the World Bank database is on market access (i.e. discriminatory measures), the OECD data includes not only measures that discriminatory, but also measures that impact on performance of domestic and foreign firms alike. In this sense, they blend market access and overall regulatory efficiency concepts. (The OECD data and background documentation are also available on line: http://www.oecd.org/tad/services-trade/services-trade-restrictiveness-index.htm.).

In addition to scoring the level of market access commitments in the GATS, the World Bank has also produced a separate breakdown of applied policies vs GATS commitments for the 103 countries in the database (Borchert, Gootiiz and Mattoo 2011). These data have been published for overall STRI levels at sector level, and not by mode. Just recently, the OECD has released a preliminary version of its own data from similar an exercise for the OECD countries (Miroudot and Pertel 2015). As part of the same project, the World Bank has also released recent estimates of trade costs (both as an extended World Bank working paper and as a refereed journal paper). These trade costs are expressed as tariff equivalents, for all 103 countries in the database (Jafari and Tarr 2014, 2015). They are trade costs for applied market access policy. In other words, they are estimates of the costs of restrictions on market access for services, as a percent of the cost of delivery of services. As Jafari and Tarr note, there are two approaches followed in the literature when estimating AVEs for services. The first is the gravity approach to AVE estimation, which has been employed for example by Francois (1999), Walsh (2006), Francois et al., (2007) and Kimura and Lee (2004). While this approach allows for estimation of overall levels of trade costs, it fails to link these to specific sets of policies and regulations. The second approach, pioneered by the Australian Productivity Commission, involves linking underlying regulatory measures to evidence on pricing and general market access. This second approach is the one followed for the World Bank estimates. Basically, the World Bank AVE estimates follow from the underlying regulatory data that form the basis for the World Bank indexes, which are processed using updates to the methodologies employed for the Productivity Commission based estimates. The end result is AVEs that reflect the underlying structure of regulation. It should be stressed that because the data used to estimate the AVEs only provide information on discriminatory barriers, the estimates of the AVEs themselves are also strictly for discriminatory barriers. They do not reflect costs faced by foreign firms because of regulatory inefficiency (i.e. regulatory costs that also affect domestic firms). This means that we are modelling specifically changes in bindings applied against discriminatory policies only.

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In estimating equations (1) and (2), we employ a methodology as spelled out in Anderson et al (2008), where the gravity equation itself is derived from our structural model (Bekkers et al 2016). Note that importer fixed effects will capture average or MFN levels of market access. At the same time, as we are able to distinguish between intra-EU and extra-EU market access, we have a measure of the margin of preference afforded to EU Members States to other EU Member States. This is measured as the difference from the average or MFN rate of protection captured by importer fixed effects. As this difference has the same coefficient as the MFN rate, and is the price elasticity (with AVEs) or STRI elasticity, it can be used when estimating the value of the price coefficient. (This same approach is followed in CEPR 2009 and Egger et al 2015 for estimation of tariff elasticities). We include two measures of trade restrictions for this purpose. Both of these are based on differences between external (MFN) and internal (intra-EU) market access measures. On a technical level, if we start from World Bank STRI estimates for the EU Member States, the World Bank indexes are actually based an average of inter-EU and extra-EU market access. For example, in scoring policies for the STRI, if there are ownership restrictions for foreign accounting firms but not firms from EU Member States ones, this means a sub-index for intra-EU of 0 and extra-EU of 100 for ownership restrictions. The average (a blend of intra-EU and extra-EU policy) is then 50. The overall STRI indexes are then built up from these blended indexes in the original World Bank STRI data. To arrive at distinct intra-EU and extra-EU indexes for applied policy, we have gone through the underlying regulation database matched to individual regulation scores used to construct overall STRI values by sector for individual EU Member States. These have been rescored twice. Once for extra-EU market access, and the other to intra-EU market access (i.e. access by firms from other Member States). Once this is done for STRI sub indexes, we have then rebuilt from the bottom up, using the World Bank’s weighing scheme, overall STRI indexes. We then have two sets of indexes. One applies to intra-EU actual market access, and the other to extra-EU actual market access. Since WTO commitments involve commitments on extra-EU market access, to examine the impact of overhang we focus on the difference between extra-EU actual market access, and the STRI values for GATS commitments, both measured in terms of STRI values. In Table A.3, we compare the original blended STRI values for the EU (an average across Member States) with the extra-EU values, based on the procedure outlined above. Once we have these indexes, we then have our basis for measuring market access in two ways. One is the difference between the STRI indexes for intra-EU and extra-EU market access as described above. The other is to use the relative difference to rescale the World Bank AVEs (based on the STRI data also as described above) to arrive at estimated intra-EU and extra-EU AVEs. For example, if the extra-EU STRI is twice the intra-EU STRI, this means the extra-EU AVE is then also scaled at twice the intra-EU AVE. In this second case, the coefficient applied to the AVE margin is theoretically identical to the price elasticity for services, just as it is when working with tariff data for goods. (Again, see for example Egger et al 2015; ECORYS 2009 for examples in the case of goods). As a robustness check, in addition to the regressions based on AVEs, we also carry out the same regression using the difference in the intra-EU vs. extra-EU value for the STRI itself (the index of trade restrictions). Critically, also based on the World Bank data, we include the difference between bound market access commitments and actual applied policy, again from the World Bank STRI data. Here we treat intra-EU market access as bound at applied rates (based on EU policy related to the single market), and extra-EU market access as bound based on GATS bindings. Again the average value is captured by importer fixed effects, while we obtain pairwise variation based on intra-EU and extra-EU levels of bindings relative to actual market access, based on the World Bank data as discussed above.3

Table A.3 Original STRI values and extra-EU values for actual market access in EU

Sector Original STRI External STRI Overall 17.97 25.25

Financial 4.36 8.71

Banking 1.82 3.75

Lending by banks 1.82 3.63

Acceptance of deposits by banks 1.82 3.63

Insurance 8.38 16.50

3 As a robustness check, we also included various pairwise dummies for other PTAs, but the EU is the only one for which we identify significant differences in market access linked to PTAs and customs unions for services. Therefore the specification reported here includes only the EU trade effects.

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Sector Original STRI External STRI Automobile Insurance 8.63 16.75

Life Insurance 10.50 21.25

Reinsurance 6.00 11.50

Telecommunications 1.88 2.50

Fixed-line telecommunications 2.50 3.75

Mobile telecommunications 1.25 1.25

Retail 8.75 7.50

Transportation 25.35 41.57

Air Passenger International 27.63 43.50

Maritime Shipping International 9.26 14.56

Maritime Auxiliary Services 8.82 14.71

Road Freight Domestic 35.00 70.00

Rail Freight Domestic 36.25 38.75

Professional 45.15 59.41

Accounting and Auditing 43.25 55.00

Accounting 33.25 44.75

Auditing 53.25 65.25

Legal 46.42 62.35

Legal Advice Foreign Law 29.25 42.38

Legal Advice Domestic Law 56.25 73.75

Legal Representation in Court 53.75 70.94

Regression results are reported in Table A-4. The first specification is based on the AVEs for trade costs in services from Jafari and Tarr (2015) while the second instead uses the STRI indexes themselves. Both specifications have the same overall fit, with the model explaining roughly 86 percent of the sample variation in bilateral services trade, based on the pseudo R-squared statistic. Both the AVE and STRI coefficients are statistically significant. Our interpretation is that the AVE estimates provide the same overall fit as the underlying STRI data.

The AVE coefficient is -4.775, and can be interpreted as the trade price elasticity. While it has different interpretations depending on the underlying model for the gravity equation (Armington, EK, etc.), the estimated value of this coefficient is in line with trade elasticity estimates for goods. Finally, the overhang coefficient is a semi-elasticity, where each index point change in binding overhang based on the STRI values implies a -.006 percent change in the log value of trade. These can be interpreted as follows. Assume we have a 15 point difference between the bound and applied STRI values. We would like to know how the estimated trade volume effect from this gap compares to the impact of applied trade restrictions, as a trade cost equivalent. Basically,

this means we want to know the log AVE equivalent such that the log volume effect from the

overhang Gj should equal the log volume effect from the log AVE equivalent . This involves a two-step calculation. The overhang coefficient identifies the change in the log of trade (or the percent change in trade) when the overhang itself changes (measured in units of the STRI). This is a measure in volume terms. What we need to do is use this to identify the corresponding trade cost, given our price elasticity, consistent with this change in volumes. To do this, note that the price coefficient (from the AVE term) gives us the change in the log of trade (or the percent change in trade) when the AVE is increased by a certain amount. Taken together, these two coefficients let us determine the additional trade cost (as an AVE) needed to give us the same volume effect as we get from change in overhang.

(3)

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Rearranging equation 3, we can obtain the AVE itself for our example.

(4)

(5) AVEj exp

.006

4.77515

1

*100 1.90%

In our example, the estimated AVE for a 15 point STRI overhang is 1.9 percent. In other words, bringing the bindings in line with actual market access (binding at current market access) yields estimated trade volume effects in this case comparable to a 1.9% reduction in trade costs, measured as a share of the cost of exports.

Table A.4 Gravity regressions, total bilateral services trade

Specification 1 Specification 2

ln(distance) -0.536 -0.537

(45.09)** (45.46)**

common colonial history -0.676 -0.675

(4.38)** (4.38)**

shared ethnic language 0.467 0.456

(19.51)** (19.09)**

shared border 0.194 0.207

(7.95)** (8.52)**

former colonial relationship 0.305 0.306 (12.68)** (12.70)**

ln(1+AVE) -4.775 (14.04)**

binding overhang (STRI based 0-100) -0.006 -0.006 (3.33)** (3.28)**

applied STRI (STRI based 0-100) -0.026 (13.97)**

N 34,457 34,457

pseudo R2 0.8619 0.8618

notes: 1/ bilateral services trade 2005-2011. 2/ Poisson quasi-maximum likelihood estimates. 3/ AVE estimates are from Jafari and Tarr (2015) 4/ policy variables are estimated based on intra-EU vs extra-EU values, as these vary with dyad and so are not subsumed by importer fixed effects. 5/ regressions include importer and exporter time-varying fixed effects.

A.2.4 Specifying the Experiments

Figure A-3 below presents an overview of overall bound and applied STRI levels, based on the World Bank dataset. From the figure, it can be seen that we generally have a gap across all income ranges in GATS commitments vis-à-vis actual bindings. For the purpose of assessing the TiSA, we will therefore focus on defining experiments where the GATS commitments are replaced by commitments at current levels of market access.

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Figure A.3 STRI Bindings and STRI Actual Policy Values

Source: See Borchert, Gootiiz and Mattoo (2011, 2014).

We define our experiments as spelled out in the Table below. In the first experiment, we assume that core TiSA participants agree to enter bindings at the current level of market access. This is the modest scenario. In the ambitious scenario, we also assume that China, Vietnam, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand also join TiSA.

Table A.5 Experiments

Baseline scenario In the baseline, we projected data up to 2025 We include all PTAs that have been concluded and those for which negotiations are finalised and for which texts are public. So this includes for example TPP and CETA, but excludes TTIP. The full list of PTAs is presented in the table below. For these PTAs we will assume that they will have achieved a binding of policies at current levels of market access for all sectors (except public services and air transport).

Experiment A: Core TiSA countries commit to binding policies at current level of market access for all services sectors, where we assume that 90% of the trade costs related to binding will be achieved (to take into account exceptions). There are exceptions for two sectors:

For public services, we do not model any changes in binding overhang, as the negotiations do not address most of the services included in this sector;

For air transport, relevant activities which are likely to be affected are under other sectors in GTAP, while activities under GTAP’s air transport will not be affected directly by negotiations hence we do not model any changes in binding overhang for this sector.

The binding of policies at current level of market access will only apply to those country pairs that do not have a PTA in place. For country pairs with a PTA in place, we assume that TiSA will not bring further bindings, and no reductions in trade costs will be modelled. For an overview of country pairs with a PTA in place, see Annex A.

Experiment B: Core TiSA countries commit to binding policies at current level of market access, with the same assumptions and exceptions as under experiment A. China, Vietnam, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand also join TiSA. These countries commit to binding policies at current level of market access, with the same assumptions and exceptions as the core participants.

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Table A.6 Overiew of PTAs between TiSA participants

AUS CAN CHL COL CRI EUN HKG ISL ISR JPN LIE MUS MEX NZL NOR PAK PAN PER KOR CHE TWN TUR USA Australia AUS Canada CAN Yes Chile CHL Yes Yes Colombia COL Yes Yes Costa Rica CRI Yes Yes Yes European Union EUN Yes Yes Yes Yes Hong Kong, China HKG Iceland ISL Israel ISR Japan JPN Yes Yes Yes Liechtenstein LIE Mauritius MUS Mexico MEX Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes New Zealand NZL Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Norway NOR YES Pakistan PAK Panama PAN Yes Yes Yes Yes YES Peru PER Yes Yes Yes Yes YES Yes The Republic of Korea KOR Yes YES Switzerland CHE YES Yes YES Chinese Taipei TWN Yes Turkey TUR United States USA Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

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We have run and reported regressions in the previous section for total services trade. The reason is not lack of STRI data, but lack of sufficient coverage for bilateral services trade data at the very detailed sector level. The strategy we follow is to use the coefficient estimates for the price and binding overhang terms in Table A-3 above, and estimate AVEs for binding at actual policy at the sector level. In other words, we use the estimate of the general or overall coefficient estimates and apply them to the sector STRI data. From the World Bank, we actually have overall STRI values (all modes combined) for applied and bound estimates for the following sectors: Accounting; Legal services; Air transport; Maritime Transport; Rail Transport; Road Transport; Banking; Insurance; Fixed Line Communications; Mobile Line Communications; Trade (Retail); and Total services. We can map these data directly to most of our model sectors. However, for ICT, construction, and personal services, we do not have a direct analogue and so work with weight average values for commercial services (the sectors above) excluding transport related services (Air transport; Maritime Transport; Rail Transport; Road Transport).4 In addition, some TiSA countries are missing from the STRI database, and in these cases we employ representative countries.5 The EU values are an average of individual MS values.

Tables A.7 and A.8 below summarizes, for total trade in services, the values of trade cost reductions linked to moving bindings to actual market access levels, on the basis of STRI values and coefficients in Table A-3. These are to be interpreted as eliminating a trade cost expressed as a % of the cost of exporting services, and not as an estimate of total underlying trade costs. (Again, these are averages for all services, while the experiments involve application of trade cost reductions for detailed sectors as specified in the model.) Table A-7 presents estimated trade costs reduction equivalents by sector, measured as percentage point trade costs as a percent share of the cost of producing services for sale in a destination market, for binding at current actual market access levels, based on World Bank index data on bindings and actual policy. In other words, these represent potential cost savings, scaled as a percent of the current value of services traded. Note that the other commercial services rate is applied to sectors in the CGE model not identified separately in the World Bank STRI data as noted earlier in the previous paragraph.

Table A.7 Estimated trade cost savings (total services EBOPS 200) tariff equivalent from eliminating binding overhang, value expressed as a % of the cost of exporting services

Bound STRI Applied STRI AVE: estimated cost savings (see text)

Australia 0.46 0.22 2.99

Canada 0.53 0.26 3.51

Chile 0.73 0.25 6.15

Chinese Taiwan 0.62 0.33 3.70

Colombia 0.81 0.27 7.04

Costa Rica 0.95 0.49 5.93

European Union 0.55 0.25 3.76

Hong Kong 0.46 0.22 2.99

Israel 0.55 0.25 3.76

Japan 0.57 0.33 3.05

Korea 0.62 0.33 3.70

Mauritius 0.76 0.23 6.84

Mexico 0.70 0.40 3.89

4 We also explored using OECD STRI data for some of these other sectors, and have gone as far as matching countries to cover TiSA countries not in the OECD data. However, the OECD indexes mix market access and domestic regulation, as discusssed above. In addition, we do not have final(public) bindings STRIs from the OECD, nor a basis from the underlying regulatory data to identify intra-EU and extra-EU variations in market access. For this reason, we have used this the average of all commercial service sectors for which we have data.

5 Austria is used for Switzerland and Lichtenstein. Austria, Denmark, and Sweden are used for Iceland and Norway. Australia is used for Hong Kong. The EU average is used for Israel.

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Bound STRI Applied STRI AVE: estimated cost savings (see text)

New Zealand 0.32 0.15 2.16

Norway 0.55 0.27 3.68

Pakistan 0.84 0.32 6.79

Panama 0.65 0.40 3.24

Peru 0.72 0.33 5.01

Switzerland 0.53 0.30 2.93

Turkey 0.56 0.37 2.39

United States 0.50 0.28 2.75

rest of EFTA* 0.55 0.27 3.68

China 0.51 0.48 0.32

Malaysia 0.68 0.60 0.90

Philippines 0.80 0.57 2.95

Thailand 0.78 0.59 2.29

Vietnam 0.42 0.32 1.24

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Table A.8 Trade Cost Reduction Equivalents by Sector as Percentage Points translated into CGE sectors based on full (100%) binding

Water Transport

Other Transport

Communications

Trade (distribution)

Finance

Insurance

Business, professional services

ICT services

Construction

personal

Australia 1.3 6.7 0.0 0.0 6.5 2.7 2.6 2.9 2.9 2.9 Canada 6.5 3.2 0.0 0.0 6.5 3.2 3.1 3.3 3.3 3.3 Chile 11.3 9.9 3.2 9.9 8.2 1.6 6.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 Chinese Taiwan

5.2 4.8 0.0 6.5 6.5 2.1 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.5

Colombia 12.7 13.4 0.0 13.4 8.2 2.1 7.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 Costa Rica 9.9 6.5 8.2 13.4 3.2 7.0 4.1 5.4 5.4 5.4 European Union

9.0 5.0 0.3 1.1 6.0 3.0 1.1 2.7 2.7 2.7

Hong Kong

1.3 6.7 0.0 0.0 6.5 2.7 2.6 2.9 2.9 2.9

Israel 9.0 5.0 0.3 1.1 6.0 3.0 1.1 2.7 2.7 2.7 Japan 8.5 4.8 0.0 0.0 6.5 3.2 0.7 2.2 2.2 2.2 Korea 5.2 4.8 0.0 6.5 6.5 2.1 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.5 Mauritius 11.3 6.7 0.0 13.4 8.2 1.1 8.6 6.2 6.2 6.2 Mexico 6.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.8 3.2 5.0 3.9 3.9 3.9 New Zealand

3.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.5 2.7 0.9 2.1 2.1 2.1

Norway 8.6 6.6 0.0 1.6 5.5 2.5 1.1 2.7 2.7 2.7 Pakistan 9.2 13.4 0.0 13.4 4.8 2.7 8.9 6.0 6.0 6.0 Panama 10.6 4.9 9.9 0.0 0.0 0.5 2.9 2.3 2.3 2.3 Peru 10.6 13.4 0.0 6.5 0.0 0.0 7.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 Switzerland

1.4 6.7 0.0 0.0 6.5 3.4 0.0 2.1 2.1 2.1

Turkey 6.5 0.0 0.0 13.4 2.4 4.3 0.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 United States

10.6 6.7 0.0 0.0 6.5 1.1 0.3 1.5 1.5 1.5

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rest of EFTA*

8.6 6.6 0.0 1.6 5.5 2.5 1.1 2.7 2.7 2.7

China 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.6 0.0 1.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 Malaysia 0.6 3.2 3.2 9.9 3.2 2.7 0.0 0.7 0.7 0.7 Philippines 0.0 0.0 3.2 6.5 3.2 1.1 4.7 3.5 3.5 3.5 Thailand 3.2 4.8 3.2 9.9 1.6 1.6 1.3 2.0 2.0 2.0 Vietnam 0.6 1.6 0.0 0.0 2.4 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.2 1.2

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Table A.9 GTAP – EBOPS mapping

GP ebops GTAP and EBOPS Sector Descriptions

43 ely Electricity

44 gdt

Gas manufacture, distribution

45 wtr

Water

46 cns

Construction

249 4 Construction services

250 4.1 Construction abroad

251 4.2 Construction in the compiling economy

47 trd

Trade

957 2.2 Travel - Expenditure on accommodation and food and beverage serving services

271 9.1.2 Other trade-related services

48 otp Transport nec

214 1.3 Other transport

215 1.3.1 Passenger

216 1.3.2 Freight

217 1.3.3 Other

218 1.4 Other transport of which: Space transport

219 1.5 Other transport of which: Rail transport

220 1.5.1 Passenger

221 1.5.2 Freight

222 1.5.3 Other

223 1.6 Other transport of which: Road transport

224 1.6.1 Passenger

225 1.6.2 Freight

226 1.6.3 Other

227 1.7 Other transport of which: Inland waterway transport

228 1.7.1 Passenger

229 1.7.2 Freight

230 1.7.3 Other

231 1.8 Other transport of which: Pipeline transport and electricity transmission

232 1.9 Other transport of which: Other supporting and auxiliary transport services

49 wtp Sea transport

206 1.1 Sea transport

207 1.1.1 Passenger

208 1.1.2 Freight

209 1.1.3 Other

50 atp Air transport

210 1.2 Air transport

211 1.2.1 Passenger

212 1.2.2 Freight

213 1.2.3 Other

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GP ebops GTAP and EBOPS Sector Descriptions

51 cmn

Communication

245 3 Communications services

246 3.1 Postal and courier services

247 3.2 Telecommunications services

52 ofi

Financial services nec

260 6 Financial services

53 isr

Insurance

253 5 Insurance services

254 5.1 Life insurance and pension funding

255 5.2 Freight insurance

256 5.3 Other direct insurance

257 5.4 Reinsurance

258 5.5 Auxiliary services

54 obs Business services nec

272 9.2 Operational leasing services

273 9.3 Miscellaneous business, professional, and technical services

274 9.3.1 Legal, accounting, management consulting, and public relations

275 9.3.1.1 Legal services

276 9.3.1.2 Accounting, auditing, bookkeeping, and tax consulting services

277 9.3.1.3 Business and management consulting and public relations services

278 9.3.2 Advertising, market research, and public opinion polling

279 9.3.3 Research and development

280 9.3.4 Architectural, engineering, and other technical services

281 9.3.5 Agricultural, mining, and on-site processing services

282 9.3.5.1 Waste treatment and depollution

283 9.3.5.2 Agricultural, mining, and other on-site processing services

284 9.3.6 Other business services

285 9.3.7 Services between related enterprises, n.i.e.

262 7 Computer and information services

263 7.1 Computer services

264 7.2 Information services

889 7.2.1 News agency services

890 7.2.2 Other information provision services

266 8 Royalties and license fees

891 8.1 Franchises and similar rights

892 8.2 Other royalties and license fees

55 ros Recreation and other services

287 10 Personal, cultural, and recreational services, less 895, 896)

288 10.1 Audiovisual and related services

897 10.2.3 Other personal, cultural, and recreational services, excl education, health

56 osg PubAdmin/Defence/Health/Educat

291 11 Government services, n.i.e.

292 11.1 Embassies and consulates

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GP ebops GTAP and EBOPS Sector Descriptions

293 11.2 Military units and agencies

294 11.3 Other government services

241 2.2.1 Health-related expenditure

242 2.2.2 Education-related expenditure

895 10.2.1 Education services

896 10.2.2 Health services

57 dwe

Dwellings

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Annex B: CGE tables In this Annex, we present the outcomes of the CGE modelling. For each indicator, we present two liberalisation scenarios:

Scenario A assumes that TiSA will lead to binding currently applied policies, thus reducing binding overhang;

Scenario B assumes that in addition to scenario A a number of Asian countries will also join TiSA: China, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam.

The results presented here are the estimated changes compared to the baseline situation. In this baseline we have projected GDP levels (on a PPP level) to 2025, and also implemented within the model a number of recent signed agreements. For more details on the scenarios, see Annex A.

B.1 Macroeconomic and EU effects

Table B.1 Tisa impact on real national income, percent change, 2025

TISA participants Experiment A Experiment B Australia 0.0 0.0 Canada 0.0 0.0 Chile 0.0 0.0 Taiwan 0.2 0.2 Colombia 0.0 0.0 Costa Rica 0.1 0.1 European Union 0.1 0.1 Hong Kong 1.2 1.4 Israel 0.1 0.1 Japan 0.0 0.0 Korea 0.0 0.0 Mauritius 0.5 0.6 Mexico 0.0 0.0 New Zealand 0.1 0.1 Norway 0.1 0.1 Pakistan 0.0 0.1 Panama 0.0 0.0 Peru 0.0 0.0 rest of EFTA* 0.1 0.2 Switzerland 0.1 0.1 Turkey 0.1 0.2 United States 0.0 0.0

Other countries, regions Experiment A Experiment B Brazil 0.0 0.0 China 0.0 0.0 Cambodia 0.0 0.1 India 0.0 0.0 Indonesia 0.0 0.0 Laos 0.0 0.0 Malaysia 0.0 0.1 Morocco 0.0 0.0 Paraguay 0.0 0.0 Philippines 0.0 0.0 Russia 0.0 0.0 Singapore 0.0 0.0 Thailand 0.0 -0.1 Uruguay 0.0 0.0

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Other countries, regions Experiment A Experiment B Vietnam 0.0 0.1 EU neighbours 0.0 0.0 Rest of ASEAN 0.0 0.0 least developed countries 0.0 0.0 Rest of world 0.0 0.0

*Iceland and Liechtenstein

Table B.2 Tisa impact on GDP (quantity index), percent change, 2025

TISA participants Experiment A Experiment B Australia 0.0 0.0 Canada 0.0 0.0 Chile 0.0 0.0 Taiwan 0.1 0.2 Colombia 0.0 0.0 Costa Rica 0.1 0.1 European Union 0.1 0.1 Hong Kong 1.1 1.3 Israel 0.1 0.1 Japan 0.0 0.0 Korea 0.0 0.0 Mauritius 0.1 0.2 Mexico 0.0 0.0 New Zealand 0.1 0.1 Norway 0.1 0.1 Pakistan 0.0 0.0 Panama 0.0 0.1 Peru 0.0 0.0 rest of EFTA* 0.1 0.2 Switzerland 0.1 0.1 Turkey 0.2 0.2 United States 0.0 0.0 Other countries, regions Experiment A Experiment B Brazil 0.0 0.0 China 0.0 0.0 Cambodia 0.0 0.1 India 0.0 0.0 Indonesia 0.0 0.0 Laos 0.0 0.0 Malaysia 0.0 0.1 Morocco 0.0 0.0 Paraguay 0.0 0.0 Philippines 0.0 0.0 Russia 0.0 0.0 Singapore 0.0 0.0 Thailand 0.0 -0.3 Uruguay 0.0 0.0 Vietnam 0.0 0.1 EU neighbours 0.0 0.0 Rest of ASEAN 0.0 0.0 least developed countries 0.0 0.0 Rest of world 0.0 0.0

*Iceland and Liechtenstein.

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Table B.3 Tisa impact on consumer prices, percent change, 2025

TISA participants Experiment A Experiment B Australia 0.0 0.0 Canada 0.0 0.0 Chile 0.0 0.0 Taiwan -0.1 -0.1 Colombia 0.0 0.0 Costa Rica 0.0 0.0 European Union 0.0 0.0 Hong Kong 0.1 0.1 Israel -0.1 -0.1 Japan 0.0 0.0 Korea 0.0 -0.1 Mauritius -0.8 -0.8 Mexico 0.0 0.0 New Zealand 0.0 0.0 Norway 0.0 0.0 Pakistan -0.3 -0.3 Panama 0.0 0.0 Peru 0.0 0.0 rest of EFTA* 0.0 -0.1 Switzerland 0.1 0.1 Turkey 0.1 0.1 United States 0.0 0.0 Other countries, regions Experiment A Experiment B Brazil 0.0 0.0 China 0.0 0.0 Cambodia 0.0 0.0 India 0.0 0.0 Indonesia 0.0 0.0 Laos 0.0 -0.1 Malaysia 0.0 -0.1 Morocco 0.0 0.0 Paraguay 0.0 0.0 Philippines 0.0 -0.1 Russia 0.0 0.0 Singapore 0.0 0.0 Thailand 0.0 -0.7 Uruguay 0.0 0.0 Vietnam 0.0 0.0 EU neighbours 0.0 0.0 Rest of ASEAN 0.0 0.0 least developed countries 0.0 0.0 Rest of world 0.0 0.0

*Iceland and Liechtenstein.

Table B.4 Tisa impact on real wages, percent change, 2025

Low skilled labour Medium skilled labour High-skilled labour

TISA participants Experiment A

Experiment B

Experiment A

Experiment B

Experiment A

Experiment B

Australia 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Canada 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Chile 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Taiwan 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 Colombia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Costa Rica 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

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Low skilled labour Medium skilled labour High-skilled labour

TISA participants Experiment A

Experiment B

Experiment A

Experiment B

Experiment A

Experiment B

European Union 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Hong Kong 1.0 1.1 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.0 Israel 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Japan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 Korea 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 Mauritius 0.9 0.9 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 Mexico 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 New Zealand 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Norway 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Pakistan 0.6 0.6 -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.4 Panama 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Peru 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 rest of EFTA* 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Switzerland 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Turkey 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 United States 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other countries, regions

Brazil 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 China 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Cambodia 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 India 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Indonesia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Laos 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Malaysia 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 Morocco 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Paraguay 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Philippines 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Russia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Singapore 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Thailand 0.0 0.6 0.0 -0.6 0.0 0.2 Uruguay 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Vietnam 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 EU neighbours 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Rest of ASEAN 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 least developed countries

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Rest of world 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 *Iceland and Liechtenstein.

Table B.5 TiSA impact on real household consumption, percent change, 2025

TISA participants Experiment A Experiment B Australia 0.0 0.0 Canada 0.0 0.0 Chile 0.0 0.0 Taiwan 0.2 0.2 Colombia 0.0 0.0 Costa Rica 0.1 0.1 European Union 0.1 0.1 Hong Kong 1.2 1.4 Israel 0.1 0.2 Japan 0.0 0.0 Korea 0.0 0.1 Mauritius 0.6 0.6

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TISA participants Experiment A Experiment B Mexico 0.0 0.0 New Zealand 0.1 0.1 Norway 0.1 0.1 Pakistan 0.0 0.0 Panama 0.0 0.0 Peru 0.0 0.0 rest of EFTA* 0.2 0.2 Switzerland 0.1 0.1 Turkey 0.2 0.2 United States 0.0 0.0 Other countries, regions Experiment A Experiment B Brazil 0.0 0.0 China 0.0 0.0 Cambodia 0.0 0.1 India 0.0 0.0 Indonesia 0.0 0.0 Laos 0.0 0.0 Malaysia 0.0 0.2 Morocco 0.0 0.0 Paraguay 0.0 0.0 Philippines 0.0 0.0 Russia 0.0 0.0 Singapore 0.0 0.0 Thailand 0.0 0.1 Uruguay 0.0 0.0 Vietnam 0.0 0.1 EU neighbours 0.0 0.0 Rest of ASEAN 0.0 0.0 least developed countries 0.0 0.0 Rest of world 0.0 0.0

*Iceland and Liechtenstein.

Table B.6 TiSA impact on value of exports, percent change, 2025

TISA participants Experiment A Experiment B Australia 0.4 0.4 Canada 0.1 0.1 Chile 0.1 0.1 Taiwan 0.5 0.6 Colombia 0.2 0.2 Costa Rica 0.2 0.3 European Union 0.2 0.3 Hong Kong 1.3 1.5 Israel 0.8 0.8 Japan 0.2 0.2 Korea 0.2 0.3 Mauritius 2.6 2.7 Mexico 0.1 0.1 New Zealand 0.2 0.3 Norway 0.2 0.3 Pakistan 1.6 1.7 Panama 0.6 0.5 Peru 0.1 0.2 rest of EFTA* 0.4 0.5 Switzerland 0.1 0.1 Turkey 0.6 0.6 United States 0.6 0.7

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Other countries, regions Experiment A Experiment B Brazil 0.0 0.0 China 0.0 0.1 Cambodia 0.0 0.1 India 0.0 0.0 Indonesia 0.1 0.1 Laos 0.0 0.1 Malaysia 0.0 0.4 Morocco 0.0 0.0 Paraguay 0.0 0.0 Philippines 0.0 1.1 Russia 0.0 0.0 Singapore 0.0 0.0 Thailand 0.0 1.2 Uruguay 0.0 0.0 Vietnam 0.0 0.3 EU neighbours 0.0 0.0 Rest of ASEAN 0.0 0.0 least developed countries 0.0 0.0 Rest of world 0.0 0.0

*Iceland and Liechtenstein.

Table B.7 TiSA impact on value of imports, percent change, 2025

TISA participants Experiment A Experiment B Australia 0.3 0.3 Canada 0.1 0.1 Chile 0.1 0.1 Taiwan 0.7 0.7 Colombia 0.1 0.1 Costa Rica 0.3 0.4 European Union 0.2 0.3 Hong Kong 1.9 2.1 Israel 0.4 0.5 Japan 0.2 0.3 Korea 0.2 0.2 Mauritius 1.4 1.4 Mexico 0.1 0.2 New Zealand 0.3 0.3 Norway 0.4 0.4 Pakistan 0.3 0.3 Panama 0.2 0.2 Peru 0.0 0.1 rest of EFTA* 0.3 0.4 Switzerland 0.1 0.2 Turkey 0.5 0.5 United States 0.4 0.4

Other countries, regions Experiment A Experiment B Brazil 0.0 0.0 China 0.1 0.2 Cambodia 0.0 0.1 India 0.0 0.0 Indonesia 0.0 0.1 Laos 0.0 0.0 Malaysia 0.0 0.4 Morocco 0.0 0.0 Paraguay 0.0 0.0 Philippines 0.0 0.4

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Other countries, regions Experiment A Experiment B Russia 0.0 0.0 Singapore 0.0 0.0 Thailand 0.0 0.7 Uruguay 0.0 0.0 Vietnam 0.0 0.1 EU neighbours 0.0 0.0 Rest of ASEAN 0.0 0.0 least developed countries 0.0 0.0 Rest of world 0.0 0.0

*Iceland and Liechtenstein.

Table B.8 TiSA impact on terms of trade, percent change, 2025

TISA participants Experiment A Experiment B Australia 0.0 0.0 Canada 0.0 0.0 Chile 0.0 0.0 Taiwan 0.1 0.1 Colombia 0.0 0.0 Costa Rica 0.0 0.0 European Union 0.0 0.0 Hong Kong 0.0 0.0 Israel 0.0 0.0 Japan 0.0 0.0 Korea 0.0 0.0 Mauritius 0.7 0.7 Mexico 0.0 0.0 New Zealand 0.0 0.0 Norway 0.0 0.0 Pakistan 0.3 0.3 Panama -0.2 -0.3 Peru 0.0 0.0 rest of EFTA* 0.0 0.0 Switzerland 0.0 -0.1 Turkey 0.0 0.0 United States 0.0 0.0 Other countries, regions experiment A experiment B Brazil 0.0 0.0 China 0.0 0.0 Cambodia 0.0 0.0 India 0.0 0.0 Indonesia 0.0 0.0 Laos 0.0 0.1 Malaysia 0.0 0.0 Morocco 0.0 0.0 Paraguay 0.0 0.0 Philippines 0.0 0.0 Russia 0.0 0.0 Singapore 0.0 0.0 Thailand 0.0 0.2 Uruguay 0.0 0.0 Vietnam 0.0 0.1 EU neighbours 0.0 0.0 Rest of ASEAN 0.0 0.0 least developed countries 0.0 0.0 Rest of world 0.0 0.0

*Iceland and Liechtenstein.

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Table B.9 TiSA impact on capital stock, percent change, 2025

TISA participants Experiment A Experiment B Australia 0.0 0.0 Canada 0.0 0.0 Chile 0.0 0.0 Taiwan 0.1 0.2 Colombia 0.0 0.0 Costa Rica 0.0 0.0 European Union 0.1 0.1 Hong Kong 1.5 1.7 Israel 0.0 0.0 Japan 0.0 0.1 Korea 0.0 0.0 Mauritius -0.1 -0.1 Mexico 0.0 0.0 New Zealand 0.0 0.1 Norway 0.1 0.1 Pakistan -0.1 -0.1 Panama 0.0 0.0 Peru 0.0 0.0 rest of EFTA* 0.1 0.2 Switzerland 0.1 0.1 Turkey 0.2 0.2 United States 0.0 0.1 Other countries, regions Experiment A Experiment B Brazil 0.0 0.0 China 0.0 0.0 Cambodia 0.0 0.1 India 0.0 0.0 Indonesia 0.0 0.0 Laos 0.0 0.0 Malaysia 0.0 0.1 Morocco 0.0 0.0 Paraguay 0.0 0.0 Philippines 0.0 -0.1 Russia 0.0 0.0 Singapore -0.1 0.0 Thailand 0.0 -0.9 Uruguay 0.0 0.0 Vietnam 0.0 0.1 EU neighbours 0.0 0.0 Rest of ASEAN 0.0 0.0 least developed countries 0.0 0.0 Rest of world 0.0 0.0

*Iceland and Liechtenstein.

Table B.10 TiSA impact on CO2 emissions, change in million MT, 2025

TISA participants Experiment A Experiment B Australia 0.1 0.1 Canada -0.2 -0.3 Chile 0.0 0.0 Taiwan 0.5 0.5 Colombia 0.0 0.0 Costa Rica 0.0 0.0 European Union 0.6 -0.1

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TISA participants Experiment A Experiment B Hong Kong 1.0 1.1 Israel 0.1 0.1 Japan 0.3 0.3 Korea 0.1 0.1 Mauritius 0.1 0.1 Mexico 0.1 0.2 New Zealand 0.0 0.0 Norway 0.1 0.1 Pakistan 0.3 0.3 Panama 0.5 0.4 Peru 0.0 0.0 rest of EFTA* 0.0 0.0 Switzerland 0.1 0.0 Turkey 0.6 0.6 United States -0.6 -1.3 Other countries, regions Experiment A Experiment B Brazil -0.1 0.0 China -0.2 1.0 Cambodia 0.0 0.0 India 0.0 0.1 Indonesia 0.0 0.0 Laos 0.0 0.0 Malaysia -0.1 0.4 Morocco 0.0 0.0 Paraguay 0.0 0.0 Philippines 0.0 0.2 Russia -0.1 0.0 Singapore -0.1 -0.1 Thailand -0.1 1.2 Uruguay 0.0 0.0 Vietnam -0.1 0.4 EU neighbours -0.3 -0.3 Rest of ASEAN 0.0 0.0 least developed countries -0.1 -0.1 Rest of world -0.7 -0.5 World 1.8 4.6

*Iceland and Liechtenstein.

Table B.11 TiSA impact on natural resource use intensity, percent change, 2025

TISA participants Experiment A Experiment B Australia 0.1 0.1 Canada 0.0 0.1 Chile 0.0 0.0 Taiwan 0.0 0.0 Colombia 0.0 0.0 Costa Rica 0.0 0.0 European Union 0.0 0.0 Hong Kong -0.1 -0.2 Israel 0.1 0.1 Japan 0.0 0.0 Korea 0.1 0.1 Mauritius 0.3 0.3 Mexico 0.0 0.0 New Zealand 0.0 0.0 Norway 0.0 0.0 Pakistan 0.2 0.2

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TISA participants Experiment A Experiment B Panama 0.0 0.0 Peru 0.0 0.0 rest of EFTA* 0.0 0.1 Switzerland -0.1 -0.1 Turkey 0.0 0.0 United States 0.0 0.0 Other countries, regions Experiment A Experiment B Brazil 0.0 0.0 China 0.0 0.0 Cambodia 0.0 0.0 India 0.0 0.0 Indonesia 0.0 0.0 Laos 0.0 0.0 Malaysia 0.0 0.0 Morocco 0.0 0.0 Paraguay 0.0 0.0 Philippines 0.0 0.0 Russia 0.0 0.0 Singapore 0.0 0.1 Thailand 0.0 0.0 Uruguay 0.0 0.0 Vietnam 0.0 0.0 EU neighbours 0.0 0.0 Rest of ASEAN 0.0 0.0 least developed countries 0.0 0.0 Rest of world 0.0 0.0

*Iceland and Liechtenstein.

Table B.12 TiSA impact on GDP deflator (national prices), percent change, 2025

TISA participants Experiment A Experiment B Australia 0.0 0.0 Canada 0.0 0.0 Chile 0.0 0.0 Taiwan 0.0 0.0 Colombia 0.0 0.0 Costa Rica 0.0 0.0 European Union 0.0 0.0 Hong Kong 0.1 0.1 Israel -0.1 -0.1 Japan 0.0 0.0 Korea 0.0 -0.1 Mauritius -0.4 -0.4 Mexico 0.0 0.0 New Zealand 0.0 0.0 Norway 0.0 0.0 Pakistan -0.3 -0.3 Panama -0.1 -0.1 Peru 0.0 0.0 rest of EFTA* 0.0 0.0 Switzerland 0.1 0.1 Turkey 0.1 0.1 United States 0.0 0.0

Other countries, regions Experiment A Experiment B Brazil 0.0 0.0 China 0.0 0.0 Cambodia 0.0 0.0

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India 0.0 0.0 Indonesia 0.0 0.0 Laos 0.0 -0.1 Malaysia 0.0 0.0 Morocco 0.0 0.0 Paraguay 0.0 0.0 Philippines 0.0 -0.1 Russia 0.0 0.0 Singapore 0.0 0.0 Thailand 0.0 -0.5 Uruguay 0.0 0.0 Vietnam 0.0 0.0 EU neighbours 0.0 0.0 Rest of ASEAN 0.0 0.0 least developed countries 0.0 0.0 Rest of world 0.0 0.0

*Iceland and Liechtenstein.

Table B.13 TiSA impact on EU output by sector, percent change, 2025

Experiment A Experiment B Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.0 Other primary 0.0 0.0 Processed Food 0.0 0.1 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.0 0.0 Oil, Gas, Coal 0.0 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.0 0.0 Electronic Equipment 0.0 0.0 Other machinery 0.0 0.0 Metals 0.0 0.0 Motor Vehicles 0.1 0.1 Other Transport Equipment 0.0 0.0 Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures 0.0 0.0 Water Transport -0.3 -0.5 Air Transport 0.0 0.0 Other Transport 0.0 -0.1 Communications 0.0 0.1 Distribution 0.0 0.1 Finance 0.1 0.1 Insurance 0.2 0.2 Business, professional services 0.0 0.0 ICT services 0.0 0.0 Construction 0.0 0.0 Personal Services 0.0 0.0 Public Services 0.0 0.1

Table B.14 TiSA impact on EU consumer prices by sector, percent change, 2025

Experiment A Experiment B Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.0 Other primary 0.0 0.0 Processed Food 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.0 0.0 Oil, Gas, Coal 0.0 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.0 0.0 Electronic Equipment 0.0 0.0 Other machinery 0.0 0.0

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Experiment A Experiment B Metals 0.0 0.0 Motor Vehicles 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.0 0.0 Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures 0.0 0.0 Water Transport -0.4 -0.6 Air Transport 0.0 0.0 Other Transport -0.1 -0.1 Communications 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.0 0.0 Finance -0.2 -0.2 Insurance -0.1 -0.1 Business, professional services 0.0 0.0 ICT services -0.1 -0.1 Construction 0.0 0.0 Personal Services 0.0 0.0 Public Services 0.0 0.0

Table B.15 TiSA impact on EU employment by sector, percent change, 2025

Low skilled labour Medium skilled labour High-skilled labour

Sectors Experiment A

Experiment B

Experiment A

Experiment B

Experiment A

Experiment B

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Electronic Equipment

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other machinery 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Metals 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Motor Vehicles 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Lumber, Wood, Paper

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other Manufactures 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Water Transport -0.3 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5 Air Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 Finance 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Insurance 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Business, professional services

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

ICT services 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 Construction 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Displacement index 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0

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B.2. Consumer prices

Table B.16 TiSA impact on consumer prices by product, percent change, scenario A, 2025

Sector aus can chl twn col cri eun hkg isr jpn kor

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Oil, Gas, Coal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Electronic Equipment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other machinery 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Metals 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Motor Vehicles 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Water Transport -0.1 -0.4 -0.6 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -6.1 -0.6 -0.3 Air Transport 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 Other Transport -0.4 0.0 0.0 -0.7 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.7 0.0 -0.2 Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 Finance -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.5 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 Insurance -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.0 Business, professional services -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 ICT services -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.0 Construction 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.4 -0.4 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.4 0.0 Personal Services -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0

Sector mus mex nzl nor pak pan per isl che tur usa

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0

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Sector mus mex nzl nor pak pan per isl che tur usa

Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Electronic Equipment -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 Other machinery 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Metals 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Motor Vehicles -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 Other Manufactures 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 Water Transport -0.6 -0.2 -1.5 -0.7 -5.0 -2.5 -0.2 -1.5 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 Air Transport -0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport -2.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.8 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.3 Communications -0.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.3 -0.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 Distribution -5.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.4 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 Finance -1.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -3.3 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.1 Insurance -0.6 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -1.9 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.1 -1.1 0.0 Business, professional services -2.7 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.6 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0

ICT services -1.7 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.5 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 Construction -3.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 Personal Services -1.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.9 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 Public Services -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0

Sector bra chn khm ind idn lao mys mar pry phl rus

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

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42 June 2017

Sector bra chn khm ind idn lao mys mar pry phl rus

Chemicals, Petrochems 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Electronic Equipment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other machinery 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Metals 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Motor Vehicles 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Water Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Air Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Finance 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Insurance 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Business, professional services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

ICT services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Construction 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Sector sgp tha ury vnm oen asn ldc row

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Electronic Equipment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other machinery 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Metals 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Motor Vehicles 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

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June 2017 43

Sector sgp tha ury vnm oen asn ldc row

Other Transport Equipment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Water Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Air Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Finance 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Insurance 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Business, professional services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

ICT services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Construction 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Table B.17 TiSA impact on consumer prices by product, percent change, scenario B, 2025

Sector aus can chl twn col cri eun hkg isr jpn kor

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Oil, Gas, Coal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Electronic Equipment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other machinery 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Metals 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Motor Vehicles 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Water Transport -0.1 -0.5 -0.7 -0.8 -0.5 -0.3 -0.6 -0.7 -6.3 -0.7 -0.4 Air Transport 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 Other Transport -0.5 0.0 0.0 -0.8 0.0 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.8 0.0 -0.4

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44 June 2017

Sector aus can chl twn col cri eun hkg isr jpn kor

Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 Finance -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 Insurance -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.4 0.0 -0.1 Business, professional services -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 ICT services -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 Construction 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.6 -1.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.4 -0.2 Personal Services -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0

Sector mus mex nzl nor pak pan per isl che tur usa

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0

Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Electronic Equipment -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 Other machinery 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Metals 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 Motor Vehicles -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 Other Manufactures 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 Water Transport -0.6 -0.2 -1.6 -0.8 -5.6 -3.7 -0.3 -1.7 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 Air Transport -0.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport -2.6 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.9 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.1 -0.4 Communications -0.6 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.3 -0.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 Distribution -5.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.5 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 Finance -1.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -3.4 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.1 Insurance -0.6 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -1.9 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.1 -1.2 0.0

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June 2017 45

Sector mus mex nzl nor pak pan per isl che tur usa

Business, professional services -2.8 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.6 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0

ICT services -1.8 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.6 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 Construction -3.8 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.3 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 Personal Services -1.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.9 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 Public Services -0.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0

Sector bra chn khm ind idn lao mys mar pry phl rus

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other primary 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Electronic Equipment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other machinery 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Metals 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Motor Vehicles 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Water Transport -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 Air Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 Other Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 Distribution 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.5 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 Finance 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 Insurance 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 Business, professional services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.0

ICT services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 Construction 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0

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Personal Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Sector sgp tha ury vnm oen asn ldc row

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other primary 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Electronic Equipment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other machinery 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Metals 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Motor Vehicles 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Water Transport 0.0 -0.7 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 Air Transport 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport 0.0 -1.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Communications 0.0 -0.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.0 -1.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Finance 0.0 -0.9 0.0 -1.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Insurance 0.0 -0.9 0.0 -0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Business, professional services 0.0 -1.0 0.0 -0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

ICT services 0.0 -1.3 0.0 -0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Construction 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services 0.0 -0.5 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Public Services 0.0 -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

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B.3. Export values

Table B.18 TiSA impact on value of exports, percent change, scenario A, 2025

aus can chl twn col cri eun hkg isr jpn kor mus

mex

nzl nor pak pan per isl

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 -1.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.5 0.2 0.2 0.1

Other primary 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 Processed Food 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.9 0.1 0.2 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather

0.4 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 -1.0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.0 0.0 -0.2 2.8 0.2 0.2 0.1

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.4 0.0 0.3 0.1 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.0 -0.6 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.1 0.0 0.0 1.3 0.2 0.2 0.0

Electronic Equipment 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.8 0.2 0.0 0.2 1.9 0.0 0.0 -0.3 6.3 0.2 0.2 0.0

Other machinery 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 -1.7 0.2 0.0 0.2 1.4 0.1 0.0 -0.2 4.5 0.2 0.2 0.0

Metals 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.9 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.0 0.0 -0.2 2.8 0.2 0.1 -0.1 Motor Vehicles 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 -1.8 0.1 0.0 0.1 1.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1 2.5 0.1 0.1 0.0 Other Transport Equipment

0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 -3.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.8 0.1 0.0 -0.3 5.6 0.2 0.3 0.0

Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.9 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.0 -0.2 2.0 0.2 0.2 0.1

Other Manufactures 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 -0.5 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.1 0.0 -0.2 1.9 0.1 0.2 0.0

Water Transport 4.9 -1.6 -0.3 3.8 0.4 1.9 -0.2 4.7 1.3 0.5 0.2 11.

6 1.9 1.7 0.7 9.7 3.2 -2.6 1.3

Air Transport 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 1.0 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.0 3.9 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 1.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 Other Transport 4.4 0.0 0.2 6.0 1.2 3.8 1.7 5.1 11.

4 2.8 0.4 13.5 0.8 1.9 2.7 9.8 1.9 0.6 4.9

Communications 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.9 0.2 0.3 2.7 0.3 0.3 -0.1 2.1 0.5 0.2 0.1

Distribution 1.4 0.6 0.5 2.1 0.9 1.2 0.3 0.7 2.9 1.0 0.7 8.4 1.1 1.0 1.1 3.7 0.8 1.1 1.5

Finance 3.6 0.2 0.5 7.9 1.5 4.1 4.2 11.1 9.3 5.0 0.6 14.

0 5.4 4.7 2.6 12.6 1.0 1.0 2.9

Insurance 1.4 -0.1 0.0 4.5 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.2 5.0 1.2 1.0 7.1 2.2 1.8 0.5 5.3 0.7 0.1 2.3

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aus can chl twn col cri eun hkg isr jpn kor mus

mex

nzl nor pak pan per isl

Business, professional services

1.5 0.2 0.4 2.6 0.9 0.8 0.4 1.6 3.0 1.2 0.7 4.9 1.3 0.9 0.9 4.4 0.8 0.7 1.1

ICT services 2.8 0.2 0.5 4.4 1.0 1.5 0.9 4.0 6.1 2.5 0.9 7.4 1.9 1.6 1.7 6.9 1.1 0.7 1.7 Construction 3.3 0.6 2.0 4.7 3.1 2.6 0.5 4.3 4.1 2.8 1.4 5.1 4.4 4.1 0.3 4.8 2.2 2.4 2.5 Personal Services 2.3 0.2 0.3 3.8 0.9 1.7 0.8 3.1 5.6 1.7 1.7 7.6 1.5 2.2 1.6 5.9 1.1 0.5 2.3

Public Services 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.9 0.2 0.0 0.2 1.8 0.1 0.0 -0.1 1.5 0.2 0.2 0.0

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2

Other primary 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Processed Food -0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 Textiles, Clothing and Leather

-0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 Chemicals, Petrochems -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

Electronic Equipment -0.3 -0.4 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

Other machinery -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1

Metals -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 Motor Vehicles -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 Other Transport Equipment

-0.2 -0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1

Lumber, Wood, Paper -0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Other Manufactures -0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Water Transport 0.2 4.8 0.5 -1.7 -0.2 -3.0 -0.4 -3.0 -2.1 -1.2 -0.3 -1.5 -2.8 -2.2 -1.0 -1.5 -1.7 -1.9 -1.6

Air Transport -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

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Other Transport 4.0 7.2 6.6 -0.8 -0.9 -0.6 -0.8 -0.7 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6 -0.2 -0.7 -0.4 -0.2 -0.6 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5

Communications -0.1 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

Distribution 0.7 2.0 1.7 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Finance 1.5 8.0 8.4 -1.0 -1.0 -0.8 -1.6 -0.8 -0.6 -0.7 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8 -0.9 -0.7 -0.8 -0.9 -0.7 Insurance 1.7 2.2 2.6 -0.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -0.5 -0.2 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 Business, professional services

0.5 2.1 1.9 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.4 -0.4 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0

ICT services 1.0 3.6 4.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 Construction 1.5 0.1 2.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services 1.2 4.4 2.5 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1

Public Services -0.2 -0.3 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1

asn ldc row

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.1 0.1 0.1 Other primary 0.1 0.1 0.1 Processed Food 0.0 0.1 0.1 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.1 0.1 0.1

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.1 0.0 0.1 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.0 0.1 0.1 Electronic Equipment 0.2 0.1 0.0 Other machinery 0.1 0.1 0.1 Metals 0.1 0.0 0.1 Motor Vehicles 0.1 0.1 0.1 Other Transport Equipment 1.3 0.1 0.1 Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.2 0.1 0.1 Other Manufactures 0.1 0.1 0.1 Water Transport -2.0 -1.6 -1.3 Air Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport -0.4 -0.6 -0.5 Communications 0.1 0.1 0.1

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asn ldc row

Distribution 0.0 0.0 0.0 Finance -0.9 -0.6 -0.6 Insurance -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 Business, professional services 0.0 -0.1 -0.1

ICT services -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 Construction 0.1 0.0 0.0 Personal Services -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 Public Services 0.1 0.1 0.1

Table B.19 TiSA impact on value of exports, percent change, scenario B, 2025

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 -

1.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.5 0.2 0.3 0.1

Other primary 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1

Processed Food 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.7 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.0 -

0.1 0.9 0.1 0.2 0.1

Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 -

1.2 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.7 0.1 0.0 -0.1 2.9 0.2 0.3 0.1

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.4 0.0 0.3 0.1 1.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Chemicals, Petrochems 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.0 -0.7 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.1 0.0 0.0 1.4 0.1 0.2 0.0

Electronic Equipment 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.9 0.2 0.0 0.3 2.0 0.1 0.0 -

0.2 6.6 0.2 0.3 0.1

Other machinery 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 -1.9 0.3 0.0 0.4 1.5 0.1 0.0 -

0.2 4.7 0.3 0.3 0.0

Metals 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 -1.1 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.6 0.0 0.0 -

0.1 3.0 0.2 0.2 0.0

Motor Vehicles 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 -2.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 1.2 0.1 -

0.1 -

0.1 2.6 0.1 0.2 0.1

Other Transport Equipment 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.0 -

3.6 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.8 0.1 0.0 -0.3 5.9 0.1 0.4 0.0

Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 -1.1 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.6 0.1 0.0 -

0.1 2.1 0.2 0.3 0.1

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Other Manufactures 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.6 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.1 0.0 -

0.2 2.0 0.1 0.3 0.0

Water Transport 4.5 -1.9

-0.5 3.7 0.3 1.4 -

0.3 4.6 1.3 0.5 0.2 11.2 1.6 1.5 0.6 9.3 2.5 -

3.1 1.3

Air Transport 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 1.6 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.0 4.1 0.2 -0.1 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.1 0.3

Other Transport 4.3 -0.1 0.1 6.0 1.2 3.8 1.7 5.0 11.

4 2.7 0.4 13.7 0.6 1.8 2.6 9.8 1.8 0.5 4.9

Communications 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.1 1.1 0.2 0.6 3.0 0.3 0.3 0.1 2.4 0.8 0.3 0.4 Distribution 1.8 1.0 1.2 2.5 1.6 2.1 1.2 1.3 3.8 1.8 1.6 9.5 1.4 1.5 1.9 4.3 1.6 1.5 2.4

Finance 3.6 0.5 1.0 9.2 1.9 4.7 4.4 11.1 9.9 5.0 1.0 14.

6 5.5 4.9 2.9 12.9 1.3 1.3 3.2

Insurance 1.3 -0.1 0.0 4.6 1.1 1.4 1.6 1.2 5.2 1.2 1.3 7.3 2.2 1.8 0.6 5.4 0.8 0.2 2.5

Business, professional services 1.5 0.4 0.6 3.2 1.1 1.1 0.5 1.6 3.2 1.4 1.0 5.1 1.4 1.0 1.1 4.6 1.0 0.9 1.3

ICT services 2.8 0.3 0.5 4.5 1.1 1.7 0.9 3.9 6.2 2.5 1.1 7.6 2.0 1.6 1.8 7.1 1.2 0.8 1.8 Construction 3.4 0.6 2.1 4.9 3.2 2.7 0.7 4.3 4.3 2.9 1.7 5.3 4.5 4.2 0.5 5.0 2.3 2.4 2.6 Personal Services 2.4 0.3 0.3 4.1 1.1 1.9 0.9 3.3 5.8 1.8 2.1 7.8 1.6 2.2 1.8 6.1 1.3 0.7 2.5

Public Services 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 -1.2 0.3 0.0 0.2 1.8 0.1 0.0 -

0.1 1.6 0.2 0.3 0.0

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 -

0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.2

Other primary 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1

Processed Food -

0.2 -

0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.1

Textiles, Clothing and Leather

-0.2

-0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.2 1.2 0.1 0.2 0.2

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.8 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.1

Chemicals, Petrochems -

0.2 -

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.1

Electronic Equipment -

0.4 -

0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.6 0.0 0.2 1.0 0.1 0.2 0.1

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Other machinery -

0.3 -

0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.2 1.0 0.1 0.2 0.1

Metals -

0.1 -

0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.0 0.2 0.1

Motor Vehicles -

0.1 -

0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.1

Other Transport Equipment

-0.3

-0.3 0.1 0.1 -

0.1 0.4 0.1 -0.3

-0.6 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.3 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Lumber, Wood, Paper -

0.2 -

0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.2 1.1 0.2 0.2 0.1

Other Manufactures -

0.3 -

0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.2 1.0 0.2 0.2 0.2

Water Transport 0.0 4.5 0.4 -2.0 0.3 -

3.7 -

0.5 -

3.9 -

2.5 3.6 -0.4

-1.9

13.8

-2.6

-1.1 9.1 -

2.2 5.6 -1.9

Air Transport -

0.1 -

0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 -

0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.0 0.0

Other Transport 4.0 7.2 6.6 -1.0

11.0

-0.8

-1.1

-1.0

-0.8 7.2 -

0.8 -

0.3 12.

2 -

0.5 -

0.3 10.

4 -

0.4 4.5 -0.7

Communications 0.0 0.4 0.6 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.9 0.0 0.0 1.2 0.0 0.1 1.7 0.0 1.0 0.0

Distribution 1.6 2.6 2.1 -0.2 4.9 -

0.2 -

0.1 -

0.2 0.1 2.9 -0.1

-0.2 3.4 -

0.2 0.0 4.0 -0.1 3.6 -

0.1

Finance 1.5 9.2 8.7 -1.1 9.3 -

0.8 -

1.6 -

0.8 -

0.4 7.7 -0.7

-0.7

12.3

-0.8

-0.9

13.0

-0.9

10.0

-0.8

Insurance 1.7 2.3 2.6 -0.4 3.2 -

0.5 -

0.4 -

0.6 -

0.3 3.4 -0.5

-0.5 5.3 -

0.6 -

0.2 7.0 -0.5 2.3 -

0.4 Business, professional services 0.5 2.2 2.0 -

0.2 2.5 -0.2

-0.1

-0.5

-0.2 2.4 -

0.1 -

0.2 3.6 -0.2

-0.1 4.2 -

0.1 2.8 -0.1

ICT services 1.0 3.7 4.4 -0.2 5.2 -

0.2 -

0.1 -

0.2 0.1 4.5 -0.2

-0.2 6.4 -

0.2 -

0.1 6.9 -0.1 4.8 -

0.1 Construction 1.6 0.2 2.3 0.0 4.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 3.9 0.0 0.0 4.5 0.0 0.1 5.1 0.0 3.6 0.0

Personal Services 1.2 4.6 2.6 -0.3 5.2 -

0.2 -

0.3 -

0.3 0.0 4.8 -0.2

-0.3 5.8 -

0.2 -

0.1 6.8 -0.2 5.2 -

0.2

Public Services -

0.3 -

0.4 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.3 2.0 0.1 0.1 0.1

asn ldc row

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.1 0.2 0.2

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Other primary 0.1 0.1 0.1 Processed Food 0.0 0.1 0.1 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.1 0.2 0.1

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.1 0.1 0.1 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.1 0.1 0.1 Electronic Equipment 0.2 0.1 0.0 Other machinery 0.2 0.2 0.1 Metals 0.2 0.1 0.1 Motor Vehicles 0.1 0.1 0.1 Other Transport Equipment 1.5 0.1 0.2 Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.2 0.2 0.1 Other Manufactures 0.2 0.2 0.1 Water Transport -2.4 -2.0 -1.6 Air Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport -0.5 -0.8 -0.7 Communications 0.1 0.0 0.0 Distribution -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 Finance -0.9 -0.7 -0.6 Insurance -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 Business, professional services -0.1 -0.1 -0.1

ICT services -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 Construction 0.1 0.0 0.0 Personal Services -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 Public Services 0.1 0.1 0.1

B.4. Import values

Table B.20 TiSA impact on value of imports, percent change, scenario A, 2025

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.1 1.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.2

Other primary 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.9 0.3 0.0 0.2 -0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 Processed Food -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 1.2 -0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.8 0.0 0.0 0.1 Textiles, Clothing and Leather

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.1 1.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 -1.8 0.0 -0.1 0.1

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Oil, Gas, Coal 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.7 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 1.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.5 0.9 0.0 0.1

Electronic Equipment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 1.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.1 0.2 -2.8 0.0 -0.1 0.1

Other machinery 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 1.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 -2.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

Metals 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 1.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 -1.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 Motor Vehicles 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 1.6 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 -1.6 0.0 0.0 0.1 Other Transport Equipment

-0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 2.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.3 -3.2 0.0 -0.1 0.2

Lumber, Wood, Paper -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.1 1.5 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 -1.4 0.0 -0.1 0.1

Other Manufactures -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.2 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 -1.8 0.0 -0.1 0.1

Water Transport 0.9 0.5 -1.1 2.0 0.7 3.9 0.4 4.5 -2.5 2.0 -0.6 -5.3 2.6 0.9 0.9 -0.4 0.2 4.1 0.2

Air Transport -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.8 0.0 0.1 0.6 -0.3 0.1 0.0 -3.5 -0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.8 0.0 -0.1 0.1 Other Transport 8.0 0.5 1.0 7.8 2.2 1.9 2.5 11.

2 9.1 4.3 1.4 5.5 0.1 0.2 1.1 25.5 4.0 4.1 2.7

Communications -0.2 0.0 0.5 0.1 -0.2 1.2 0.2 1.2 0.5 0.1 -0.1 -1.2 0.0 0.1 0.4 -1.2 3.3 -0.1 0.1

Distribution -0.3 -0.1 5.1 17.4 2.1 9.0 0.6 1.8 2.4 0.0 3.0 10.

3 0.0 0.2 1.1 33.2 -0.5 2.9 1.0

Finance 9.7 0.5 2.1 14.0 2.4 1.8 4.2 8.1 16.

5 7.9 2.7 17.8 6.6 9.5 4.2 6.1 -0.1 0.0 3.4

Insurance 2.7 0.1 0.2 2.8 0.3 2.2 1.7 4.7 7.5 3.0 0.2 1.1 2.9 3.3 1.3 1.8 0.3 -0.1 1.7 Business, professional services

3.2 0.8 1.6 5.5 1.8 1.5 0.6 5.3 2.1 1.2 0.4 12.2

10.3 1.3 0.6 20.

5 1.8 1.2 0.7

ICT services 3.6 0.9 1.4 7.5 1.4 2.2 1.4 6.9 6.1 3.5 0.6 10.1 8.2 3.0 1.2 13.

0 1.4 0.6 1.7

Construction 2.9 0.4 2.1 8.0 2.2 1.6 1.6 4.9 5.0 4.9 0.1 12.4 4.4 3.2 1.9 10.

8 1.1 1.1 2.3

Personal Services 3.3 0.3 0.4 6.7 0.9 1.7 1.6 5.0 6.8 2.6 0.8 5.4 2.6 2.2 1.3 12.

8 2.2 0.6 2.0

Public Services -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.2 0.1 2.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 -1.8 -0.1 -0.2 0.2

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0

Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather

0.1 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal -0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Electronic Equipment 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other machinery 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Metals -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Motor Vehicles 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment

0.2 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1

Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other Manufactures 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Water Transport 0.3 8.5 6.7 -0.1 0.5 0.4 0.1 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.0 -0.3 -0.5 -0.4 0.2 0.2

Air Transport 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 Other Transport 2.3 0.7 7.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.4 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.0

Communications 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Distribution 0.5 35.5 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1

Finance 3.8 7.0 14.9 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

Insurance 3.5 6.3 2.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Business, professional services

0.5 0.6 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

ICT services 0.8 5.4 2.3 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1

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Construction 0.8 3.6 1.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services 1.6 5.6 2.4 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Public Services 0.4 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal -0.1 0.1 0.1 Chemicals, Petrochems -0.1 0.0 0.0 Electronic Equipment 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other machinery 0.0 0.0 0.0 Metals 0.0 0.0 0.0 Motor Vehicles 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.0 0.0 0.0 Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures 0.0 0.1 0.0 Water Transport 0.3 0.2 0.0 Air Transport 0.1 0.0 0.0 Other Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 Distribution -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 Finance 0.1 0.1 0.1 Insurance 0.1 0.1 0.1 Business, professional services 0.0 0.0 0.0

ICT services 0.0 0.0 0.0 Construction 0.0 -0.1 0.0 Personal Services -0.1 0.0 0.0 Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.0

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Table B.21 TiSA impact on value of imports, percent change, scenario B, 2025

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.1 1.5 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.2

Other primary 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 1.0 0.3 0.0 0.3 -0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.1

Processed Food -

0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 1.5 0.0 0.2 -0.1

-0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 -

0.8 0.0 0.0 0.2

Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 -

0.1 0.0 0.1 1.6 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 -1.9 0.0 -

0.1 0.2

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.8 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

Chemicals, Petrochems 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 1.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.5 0.7 -

0.1 0.1

Electronic Equipment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 1.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 -

3.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2

Other machinery 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 1.5 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 -

2.2 0.0 0.0 0.2

Metals 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 1.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 -

1.3 0.0 0.0 0.1

Motor Vehicles 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 1.9 0.0 0.2 -0.1

-0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 -

1.7 0.0 -0.1 0.2

Other Transport Equipment -

0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 2.2 0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.3 -

3.3 0.0 -0.1 0.2

Lumber, Wood, Paper -

0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.1 1.8 0.0 0.2 -

0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 -1.5 0.0 -

0.1 0.2

Other Manufactures -

0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.2 0.1 1.5 0.1 0.2 0.0 -

0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 -1.9 0.0 -

0.2 0.2

Water Transport 1.0 0.8 -1.2 1.7 0.8 7.3 0.6 4.4 -

2.6 2.0 -0.7

-5.5 3.3 0.9 1.0 -

0.5 -

1.5 5.3 0.1

Air Transport -

0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 -1.1 0.0 0.1 0.7 -

0.3 0.1 -0.1

-3.6

-0.1 0.2 0.2 -

0.8 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Other Transport 8.8 1.1 1.4 8.9 3.6 2.9 3.2 13.7

10.0 6.6 2.2 6.0 0.2 0.3 1.3 28.

0 5.2 6.6 3.5

Communications -

0.2 0.0 0.7 0.2 -0.2 1.6 0.3 1.4 0.5 0.1 -

0.2 -

1.3 0.0 0.1 0.4 -1.3 3.7 -

0.2 0.1

Distribution -

0.3 -

0.1 7.0 18.4 3.3 12.

1 0.9 2.3 2.7 0.0 5.1 11.1 0.0 0.2 1.4 35.

4 -

0.6 3.6 1.3

Finance 9.8 0.5 2.2 15.1 2.5 2.0 4.3 8.5 17.

1 8.1 2.9 18.0 6.6 9.6 4.3 6.1 -

0.1 -

0.1 3.6

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Insurance 2.8 0.2 0.2 3.2 0.4 2.6 1.9 5.6 7.6 3.2 0.3 1.1 3.0 3.4 1.6 1.8 0.3 -0.1 1.9

Business, professional services 3.2 1.1 2.0 6.1 2.3 1.8 0.7 5.7 2.2 1.3 0.6 12.

6 10.

4 1.4 0.7 21.2 2.0 1.5 0.8

ICT services 3.6 1.1 1.7 8.5 1.8 2.6 1.6 7.4 6.3 3.8 0.8 10.5 8.3 3.2 1.3 13.

4 1.6 0.7 1.9

Construction 3.0 1.4 2.7 9.7 3.9 4.2 2.6 6.2 6.3 5.3 0.7 14.4 4.6 3.5 3.4 12.

5 2.0 1.7 3.5

Personal Services 3.4 0.4 0.6 7.3 1.5 2.3 1.9 6.0 7.1 3.1 1.3 5.6 2.7 2.4 1.6 13.3 2.4 0.9 2.3

Public Services -

0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.1 2.5 -

0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 -

1.9 -

0.1 -

0.2 0.3

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -

0.6 0.1 0.2 0.0

Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 Processed Food 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 -

0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.6 0.0 0.1 0.0

Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 -

0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.6 0.0 0.1 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal -0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.7 0.0 -

0.2 0.0

Chemicals, Petrochems 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 Electronic Equipment 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 Other machinery 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 -

0.6 0.0 0.1 0.0

Metals -0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0

Motor Vehicles 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0

Other Transport Equipment 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -

1.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1

Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -

0.6 0.0 0.1 0.0

Other Manufactures 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -

1.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

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Water Transport 0.4 11.7 9.3 -

0.1 1.6 0.4 0.2 0.7 0.3 1.2 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.1 -0.3 3.5 -

0.6 1.6 0.3

Air Transport 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.5 0.0 0.1 -

0.7 0.1 0.0 -0.5 0.0 0.1 0.0

Other Transport 2.7 0.8 8.4 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.2 4.0 0.0 0.1 -

0.2 0.0 -0.5 7.8 -

0.1 2.6 0.0

Communications 0.4 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.3 0.0 0.0 7.1 0.0 -0.1 4.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

Distribution 0.6 38.3

-0.2 0.0 -

0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -

0.2 22.

5 0.0 -0.4

17.9 0.0 -

0.2 19.

6 -

0.2 -

0.1 -

0.1 Finance 4.0 7.1 15.

0 0.1 2.7 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 5.7 0.1 0.1 7.5 0.1 -0.3 0.6 0.0 0.3 0.0

Insurance 3.8 6.6 2.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 4.4 0.0 0.1 1.8 0.1 -0.2 0.6 0.0 -

0.1 0.0

Business, professional services 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.0 2.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 -

0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 9.0 0.0 -0.1

-0.7 0.0 0.6 -

0.1 ICT services 1.0 5.6 2.5 -

0.1 0.6 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.9 0.0 0.0 7.5 0.0 -

0.1 -

0.5 -

0.1 0.4 -0.1

Construction 1.6 4.6 1.9 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.3 1.6 0.0 0.0 8.1 0.0 -

0.1 3.7 0.0 2.2 0.0

Personal Services 1.9 6.0 2.6 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.8 0.0 0.0 8.6 0.0 -

0.2 3.0 0.0 0.8 0.0

Public Services 0.4 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.0 -

0.1 -

1.8 0.0 0.0 -0.1

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.0 0.1 Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food 0.0 0.1 0.1 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.0 0.1 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal -0.1 0.1 0.1 Chemicals, Petrochems -0.1 0.0 0.0 Electronic Equipment 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other machinery 0.0 0.0 0.0 Metals 0.0 0.0 0.0 Motor Vehicles 0.0 0.0 0.0

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Other Transport Equipment 0.0 0.0 0.0 Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures 0.0 0.1 0.0 Water Transport 0.4 0.3 0.0 Air Transport 0.1 0.1 0.1 Other Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 Communications -0.1 0.0 0.0 Distribution -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 Finance 0.0 0.1 0.1 Insurance 0.0 0.0 0.1 Business, professional services 0.0 0.0 0.0

ICT services -0.1 -0.1 0.0 Construction 0.0 -0.1 0.0 Personal Services -0.1 0.0 0.0 Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.0

B.5. EU bilateral trade values

Table B.22 TiSA impact on value of EU exports by destination and sector, percent change, scenario A, 2025

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.9 -0.1 0.0 0.2

Other primary 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.3 0.0 0.2 -0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 Processed Food -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 1.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.7 0.0 0.0 0.1 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 1.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 -1.7 0.0 -0.1 0.1

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 1.9 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 1.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.4 0.9 0.0 0.2 Electronic Equipment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 1.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 -2.8 0.0 0.0 0.1 Other machinery 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.1 1.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 -2.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2 Metals -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 -1.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 Motor Vehicles 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.1 1.5 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 -1.4 0.0 -0.1 0.2 Other Transport Equipment -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.0 1.9 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.2 -3.1 0.0 -0.1 0.1

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Lumber, Wood, Paper -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.1 1.5 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 -1.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 Other Manufactures -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 -1.6 -0.1 -0.1 0.2

Water Transport 1.8 -1.7 -5.3 5.6 -4.4 -1.7 -1.6 4.9 0.7 6.1 -3.3 -1.8 12.7 4.2 -1.8 5.1 -7.0 -1.1 -3.9

Air Transport -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.6 0.0 0.0 0.6 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -2.5 -0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.6 -0.1 -0.1 0.0

Other Transport 15.

2 -0.1 -1.8 9.9 -1.3 -0.5 -0.3 16.1

11.5

11.8 -0.8 7.8 0.1 0.2 -0.5 28.

6 -0.3 -0.2 -1.1

Communications -0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.5 0.0 1.2 0.6 0.1 -0.1 -0.8 0.0 0.0 0.3 -1.1 -2.5 -0.1 0.1

Distribution -0.2 0.0 -0.7 14.8 -2.6 -0.6 0.0 1.6 2.5 0.1 -0.4 10.

6 0.1 0.1 0.3 30.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2

Finance 15.

7 0.1 -0.6 13.6 -0.3 0.3 -0.6 8.4 15.

8 15.

1 -0.1 14.3

11.9

15.7 -0.5 5.9 0.0 0.1 -1.5

Insurance 6.1 0.1 -0.1 3.5 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 6.1 6.5 7.7 -0.2 1.2 6.5 6.5 0.1 2.1 -0.2 0.0 -0.4 Business, professional services 6.1 -0.1 -0.4 6.0 -0.3 -0.2 0.0 6.6 2.2 1.9 -0.3 11.

8 11.

6 2.2 0.2 17.2 -0.5 -0.6 0.0

ICT services 6.9 -0.1 -0.3 7.7 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 8.2 5.9 5.6 -0.2 9.9 9.3 5.2 0.2 11.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.1

Construction 7.1 -0.1 0.0 8.6 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 5.8 7.3 5.6 -0.1 11.8 9.7 5.2 0.2 11.

4 -0.3 -0.2 0.2

Personal Services 6.5 -0.1 -0.7 6.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 6.5 6.6 5.6 -0.3 5.7 8.6 5.1 0.0 11.4 -0.4 -0.2 -0.9

Public Services -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.1 1.8 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.2 -1.4 -0.2 -0.2 0.2 Total 1.4 0.0 -0.6 2.1 -0.3 -0.1 0.0 3.7 1.0 1.7 -0.2 3.4 0.8 1.2 0.0 5.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.1

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal -0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Electronic Equipment 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other machinery 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Metals -0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

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Motor Vehicles 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -

0.1 Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Water Transport -0.3 16.4

22.4 -0.2 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.7 -0.7 -0.4 0.0 0.0

Air Transport 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other Transport -0.1 0.7 14.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Communications 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Distribution 0.4 32.5 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Finance 0.1 6.5 15.5 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Insurance 0.6 6.4 2.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Business, professional services 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

ICT services 0.4 5.4 3.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 Construction 0.3 5.7 3.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services 0.3 5.4 3.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Public Services 0.3 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1

Total 0.1 0.6 1.8 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

asn ldc row Total extra-EU Total

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 Chemicals, Petrochems -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Electronic Equipment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 Other machinery 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Metals 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

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asn ldc row Total extra-EU Total

Motor Vehicles 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 Other Transport Equipment -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 Other Manufactures 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 Water Transport 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.5 -0.4 Air Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.8 2.3 Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.2 Finance 0.2 0.2 0.2 6.3 3.1 Insurance 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.6 1.1 Business, professional services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.3

ICT services 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.3 0.6 Construction 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.4 Personal Services -0.1 0.0 0.0 1.3 0.6 Public Services -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 Total 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.2

Table B.23 TiSA impact on value of EU exports by destination and sector, percent change, scenario B, 2025

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 1.4 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.9 -0.1 -0.1 0.2

Other primary 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.6 0.3 0.0 0.3 -0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.1 Processed Food -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.1 1.4 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.8 0.0 -0.1 0.2 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.1 1.6 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 -1.8 0.0 -0.2 0.2

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 1.9 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 1.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.3 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.4 0.7 -0.1 0.2 Electronic Equipment 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.2 -3.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 Other machinery 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.1 1.5 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 -2.1 0.0 -0.1 0.2 Metals -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.1 1.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 -1.2 0.0 -0.1 0.1 Motor Vehicles 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.1 1.8 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 -1.5 -0.1 -0.1 0.2

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Other Transport Equipment -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.0 2.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.2 -3.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.2

Lumber, Wood, Paper -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.1 1.8 0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 -1.4 0.0 -0.1 0.2 Other Manufactures -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.1 1.5 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 -1.7 -0.1 -0.1 0.2

Water Transport 1.7 -2.2 -5.6 3.9 -6.0 -3.7 -2.4 4.6 0.1 5.7 -4.0 -2.7 12.0 3.9 -2.2 3.3 11.

7 -1.4 -4.6

Air Transport -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -2.7 -0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.7 -0.1 -0.1 0.0

Other Transport 15.

1 -0.1 -2.8 9.6 -2.2 -0.9 -0.4 15.3

11.3

11.7 -1.3 7.2 0.1 0.2 -1.2 28.

4 -0.3 -0.3 -1.5

Communications -0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.7 0.1 1.4 0.6 0.1 -0.2 -0.9 0.0 0.0 0.3 -1.1 -2.8 -0.2 0.1

Distribution -0.2 0.0 -1.0 14.8 -3.8 -0.8 0.0 2.0 2.4 0.1 -0.7 9.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 30.

1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3

Finance 15.

7 0.1 -0.6 13.4 -0.3 0.2 -0.6 8.6 15.

7 15.

1 -0.2 14.2

11.9

15.7 -0.5 5.8 0.0 0.0 -1.6

Insurance 6.0 0.1 -0.2 3.3 -0.2 -0.5 -0.2 5.9 6.4 7.7 -0.5 1.1 6.4 6.5 0.1 2.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.5 Business, professional services 6.1 -0.2 -0.4 5.8 -0.4 -0.3 0.0 6.8 2.1 1.9 -0.5 11.

5 11.

5 2.2 0.2 17.1 -0.6 -0.8 0.0

ICT services 6.9 -0.2 -0.4 7.6 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 8.4 5.9 5.6 -0.3 9.7 9.2 5.2 0.2 11.4 -0.4 -0.4 -0.1

Construction 7.1 -0.2 0.0 8.6 -0.2 -0.6 0.1 5.3 7.3 5.6 -0.4 11.4 9.8 5.2 0.2 11.

1 -0.3 -0.2 0.2

Personal Services 6.5 -0.2 -0.9 6.2 -0.4 -0.2 -0.1 6.2 6.5 5.6 -0.5 5.2 8.5 5.1 -0.1 11.2 -0.4 -0.2 -0.9

Public Services -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.1 2.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.2 -1.5 -0.2 -0.2 0.2 Total 1.4 0.0 -0.7 2.1 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 3.8 1.0 1.7 -0.3 3.2 0.8 1.2 -0.1 5.0 0.1 -0.2 -0.2

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.5 0.0 0.1 0.0

Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.1 Processed Food 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.5 0.0 0.1 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.6 0.0 0.1 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.4 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.5 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 Electronic Equipment 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

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Other machinery 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.6 0.0 0.1 0.0 Metals -0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 Motor Vehicles 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -1.1 0.0 0.1 -0.1

Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.6 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Water Transport -0.6 16.4

21.1 -0.2 2.0 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.0 1.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.8 4.0 -0.4 1.3 0.0

Air Transport 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 -0.6 0.0 -0.1 -0.5 0.0 0.1 0.0

Other Transport -0.3 0.7 13.8 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.2 6.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.1 -0.5 8.0 -0.1 3.3 0.0

Communications 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 6.0 0.0 -0.1 7.2 0.0 -0.1 4.4 0.0 0.0 -0.1

Distribution 0.5 32.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.1 22.

3 0.0 0.0 14.8 0.0 0.0 17.

2 0.0 0.0 -0.1

Finance 0.2 6.5 15.5 0.2 4.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 7.6 0.2 0.2 6.9 0.2 -0.1 0.8 0.1 2.0 0.1

Insurance 0.6 6.2 2.4 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 6.0 0.1 0.1 1.8 0.1 0.0 0.6 0.1 1.3 0.0 Business, professional services 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.0 2.6 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 8.5 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 0.0 1.7 0.0

ICT services 0.4 5.4 3.6 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.3 0.0 0.0 7.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 1.3 0.0 Construction 0.3 5.8 3.7 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 1.7 -0.1 0.0 8.4 0.0 -0.1 2.9 0.0 2.8 0.0 Personal Services 0.4 5.4 3.6 0.0 0.7 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 1.1 0.0 0.0 7.4 0.0 -0.2 2.6 0.0 1.8 -0.1 Public Services 0.3 0.6 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 -1.7 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 Total 0.1 0.6 1.7 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 1.7 0.0 0.0 2.2 0.0 -0.1 3.0 0.0 0.7 0.0

asn ldc row Total extra-EU Total

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 Other primary 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 Chemicals, Petrochems -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Electronic Equipment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 Other machinery -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

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asn ldc row Total extra-EU Total

Metals 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Motor Vehicles -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 Other Transport Equipment -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 Other Manufactures -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 Water Transport 0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.3 -0.9 Air Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.9 2.3 Communications -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.3 0.2 Distribution 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.6 0.9 Finance 0.1 0.1 0.1 6.6 3.3 Insurance 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.7 1.2 Business, professional services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.4

ICT services 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.5 0.7 Construction 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.8 0.6 Personal Services -0.1 0.0 0.0 1.5 0.7 Public Services -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 Total 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.3

Table B.24 TiSA impact on value of EU imports by country of origin and sector, percent change, scenario A, 2025

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.8 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1

Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.8 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.6 0.1 0.0 -0.2 2.4 0.3 0.3 0.1

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.4 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.0 -0.1 1.0 0.2 0.1 0.0

Electronic Equipment 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.6 0.2 0.0 0.2 1.7 0.1 0.0 -0.2 5.6 0.3 0.2 0.1

Other machinery 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 -1.4 0.2 0.0 0.2 1.2 0.1 0.1 -0.1 4.0 0.2 0.4 0.0

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Metals 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.7 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.0 -0.1 2.4 0.3 0.2 0.0 Motor Vehicles 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 -2.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.1 0.1 -0.1 2.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.0 -2.9 0.0 0.0 0.2 1.3 0.1 0.0 -0.2 4.9 0.2 1.6 0.1

Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.7 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.1 -0.1 1.6 0.1 0.2 0.1

Other Manufactures 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 -0.4 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.1 -0.1 1.7 0.2 0.3 0.1

Water Transport 20.

1 -1.5 -0.1 21.9 -0.9 -1.6 -1.6 21.

7 28.

1 21.

9 -1.0 21.2

20.4

20.6 -1.4 20.

7 -1.8 -1.5 0.1

Air Transport 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.1 1.0 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.1 2.9 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.0 0.1 0.2

Other Transport 12.

2 -0.3 -0.3 12.0 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 11.

7 12.

4 11.

9 -0.2 14.1

12.0

11.8 -0.5 13.

0 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3

Communications 1.0 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.7 1.1 0.8 0.2 2.5 0.9 0.9 -0.1 1.9 0.4 0.2 0.1 Distribution 3.0 0.1 0.1 3.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 2.3 3.1 2.7 0.2 8.1 2.8 2.8 -0.2 3.8 0.1 0.2 0.2

Finance 14.

0 -0.8 -0.8 14.1 -0.7 -0.8 -0.6 13.

5 14.

2 13.

9 -0.7 15.9

13.8

13.8 -1.0 15.

1 -0.7 -0.8 -0.5

Insurance 7.4 -0.3 -0.2 7.6 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 6.5 7.7 7.1 -0.2 8.8 7.5 7.2 -0.5 8.5 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 Business, professional services

2.9 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 2.0 2.9 2.7 0.1 4.5 2.7 2.7 -0.2 4.3 0.1 0.1 -0.1

ICT services 6.8 0.0 0.0 6.7 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 5.7 6.9 6.5 0.0 8.1 6.6 6.5 -0.3 8.2 0.1 0.1 -0.1 Construction 6.8 0.1 0.0 6.8 0.0 0.5 0.0 6.3 6.8 6.7 0.1 7.5 6.7 6.6 -0.1 7.4 0.4 0.5 0.0 Personal Services 6.8 0.0 0.0 6.8 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 6.2 6.9 6.5 0.0 8.4 6.6 6.5 -0.2 8.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 Public Services 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.7 0.3 0.1 0.2 1.4 0.1 0.1 -0.1 1.2 0.3 0.2 0.0 Total 2.2 0.0 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.0 0.0 4.1 1.5 1.2 0.2 2.7 1.3 1.8 -0.1 2.5 -0.8 0.1 0.0

che tur usa bra chn khm ind idn lao my

s mar pry phl rus sgp tha ury vnm oen

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2

Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food -0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Textiles, Clothing and Leather -0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 Chemicals, Petrochems -0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1

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Electronic Equipment -0.3 -0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1

Other machinery -0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 Metals -0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 Motor Vehicles 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 Other Transport Equipment -0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1

Lumber, Wood, Paper -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Other Manufactures -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1

Water Transport -1.6 19.6

20.1 -1.7 -1.8 -1.8 -1.8 -1.8 -2.2 -1.8 -1.8 -1.9 -1.8 -1.8 -1.7 -1.7 -1.7 -1.8 -1.8

Air Transport -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other Transport -0.6 11.7

12.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3

Communications -0.2 0.7 0.9 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 Distribution -0.2 2.6 2.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

Finance -1.1 13.5

13.9 -0.8 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -0.9 0.0 -0.8 -0.8 -0.7 -0.9 -0.8 -0.7 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8

Insurance -0.6 7.2 7.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.5 -0.3 -0.3 -1.0 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 Business, professional services

-0.3 2.5 2.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0

ICT services -0.4 6.3 6.5 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 Construction -0.1 6.4 6.7 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 Personal Services -0.3 6.3 6.6 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 Public Services -0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Total -0.2 0.9 2.4 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

asn ldc row Total extra-EU Total

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

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asn ldc row Total extra-EU Total

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0

Electronic Equipment 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Other machinery 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 Metals 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Motor Vehicles 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Other Transport Equipment 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Lumber, Wood, Paper 1.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Other Manufactures 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Water Transport -1.8 -1.8 -1.8 2.6 0.2 Air Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 Other Transport -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 4.0 1.8 Communications 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 Distribution 0.1 0.1 0.0 1.2 0.5 Finance -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 7.8 3.0 Insurance -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 3.8 1.2 Business, professional services

0.0 0.0 0.0 1.2 0.4

ICT services -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 2.8 1.0 Construction 0.1 0.1 0.1 2.4 1.2 Personal Services 0.0 0.0 -0.1 3.1 1.2 Public Services 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Total -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.2

Table B.25 TiSA impact on value of EU imports by country of origin and sector, percent change, scenario B, 2025

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.9 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1

Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 Processed Food 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.4 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.1

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Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.1 -1.0 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.7 0.1 0.1 -0.1 2.5 0.3 0.4 0.1

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.5 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.0 -0.1 1.1 0.2 0.2 0.0

Electronic Equipment 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.1 -0.8 0.2 0.0 0.3 1.7 0.1 0.0 -0.2 5.9 0.3 0.5 0.1

Other machinery 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.1 -1.6 0.3 0.1 0.4 1.4 0.1 0.1 -0.1 4.2 0.3 0.4 0.1 Metals 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.9 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.1 0.1 -0.1 2.6 0.3 0.3 0.0 Motor Vehicles 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 -2.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 1.0 0.1 0.1 -0.1 2.1 0.2 0.4 0.1 Other Transport Equipment 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.0 -3.2 0.1 0.0 0.3 1.3 0.1 0.0 -0.2 5.2 0.2 1.6 0.1

Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.8 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.1 -0.1 1.7 0.1 0.3 0.1

Other Manufactures 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.1 -0.4 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.1 0.1 -0.1 1.9 0.2 0.3 0.1

Water Transport 19.

0 -2.4 -0.8 21.1 -1.5 -2.4 -2.4 21.

0 27.

2 20.

9 -1.7 20.2

19.3

19.5 -2.1 19.

7 -2.7 -2.4 -0.4

Air Transport 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.1 1.6 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.2 3.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.3

Other Transport 12.

0 -0.4 -0.4 11.8 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4 11.

6 12.

3 11.

7 -0.3 14.1

11.8

11.7 -0.6 13.

0 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4

Communications 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.6 1.1 0.9 0.3 2.6 0.9 0.9 -0.1 2.0 0.5 0.3 0.1 Distribution 3.0 0.1 0.2 3.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 2.2 3.2 2.8 0.3 8.4 2.8 2.8 -0.2 3.9 0.2 0.2 0.2

Finance 14.

0 -0.8 -0.8 14.1 -0.7 -0.8 -0.6 13.

4 14.

3 13.

9 -0.6 16.0

13.9

13.8 -0.9 15.

3 -0.7 -0.7 -0.4

Insurance 7.4 -0.3 -0.2 7.6 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 6.3 7.8 7.1 -0.1 8.8 7.5 7.2 -0.5 8.6 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 Business, professional services

2.9 0.0 0.1 3.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 1.9 3.0 2.7 0.2 4.6 2.8 2.7 -0.2 4.4 0.2 0.2 -0.1

ICT services 6.8 0.0 0.0 6.8 0.1 0.0 -0.1 5.6 6.9 6.5 0.1 8.1 6.6 6.6 -0.3 8.3 0.1 0.1 -0.1 Construction 6.9 0.1 0.0 6.8 0.0 0.5 0.1 6.2 6.8 6.7 0.2 7.5 6.7 6.7 -0.1 7.5 0.4 0.5 0.0 Personal Services 6.8 0.0 0.0 6.8 0.1 0.0 -0.1 6.1 7.0 6.5 0.1 8.5 6.6 6.5 -0.2 8.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Public Services 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 -0.8 0.3 0.1 0.3 1.5 0.1 0.1 0.0 1.3 0.3 0.3 0.1 Total 2.2 0.0 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.1 0.0 4.0 1.6 1.3 0.3 2.8 1.3 1.8 -0.1 2.6 -1.2 0.1 0.0

che tur usa bra chn khm ind idn lao my

s mar pry phl rus sgp tha ury vnm oen

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.2

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che tur usa bra chn khm ind idn lao my

s mar pry phl rus sgp tha ury vnm oen

Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food -0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 Textiles, Clothing and Leather -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.2 1.1 0.1 0.2 0.2

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.1 Chemicals, Petrochems -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.1

Electronic Equipment -0.3 -0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.0 0.2 0.2

Other machinery -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.2 0.2 0.2 Metals -0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.3 0.2 0.2 Motor Vehicles 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.2 Other Transport Equipment -0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.3 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2

Lumber, Wood, Paper -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.3 1.0 0.2 0.2 0.2

Other Manufactures -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 2.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.2 0.2 0.2

Water Transport -2.4 18.4

19.0 -2.6 18.

6 -2.6 -2.7 -2.8 -2.6 19.1 -2.7 -3.1 18.8 -2.7 -2.6 20.

0 -2.5 18.7 -2.7

Air Transport -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other Transport -0.7 11.5

12.2 -0.5 11.

7 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.3 11.8 -0.4 -0.5 11.9 -0.5 -0.4 12.

3 -0.5 11.8 -0.4

Communications -0.2 0.7 0.9 0.1 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 1.1 0.1 0.1 1.2 0.1 0.2 1.6 0.1 1.0 0.1 Distribution -0.3 2.6 2.8 0.1 2.8 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.4 3.0 0.1 0.1 3.1 0.1 0.2 4.0 0.1 2.9 0.1

Finance -1.1 13.5

13.9 -0.8 13.

8 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 0.0 13.9 -0.8 -0.7 14.4 -0.8 -0.7 15.

0 -0.8 14.4 -0.8

Insurance -0.6 7.2 7.2 -0.3 7.1 -0.5 -0.3 -0.3 0.0 7.3 -0.3 -0.3 7.7 -0.3 -0.2 8.4 -0.2 7.4 -0.2 Business, professional services

-0.3 2.5 2.7 0.0 2.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.7 0.0 0.0 3.4 0.0 0.1 3.6 0.0 3.1 0.0

ICT services -0.4 6.3 6.6 -0.1 6.5 -0.4 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 6.6 0.0 -0.1 7.1 -0.1 0.0 7.5 0.0 6.9 0.0 Construction -0.1 6.4 6.8 0.1 6.7 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 6.7 0.1 0.0 7.0 0.1 0.2 7.3 0.0 6.8 0.1 Personal Services -0.4 6.3 6.6 -0.1 6.5 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.1 6.4 0.0 -0.1 6.9 -0.1 0.0 7.5 -0.1 6.9 0.0 Public Services -0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.3 1.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 Total -0.3 0.9 2.5 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 1.7 0.1 0.1 3.0 0.0 0.0 2.7 0.0 0.9 0.0

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VWIS0 asn ldc row Total extra-EU Total

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 Electronic Equipment 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 Other machinery 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 Metals 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 Motor Vehicles 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 Other Transport Equipment 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1

Lumber, Wood, Paper 1.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 Other Manufactures 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 Water Transport -2.7 -2.7 -2.7 3.9 0.2 Air Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 Other Transport -0.4 -0.4 -0.5 5.2 2.3 Communications 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 Distribution 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.7 0.7 Finance -0.7 -0.8 -0.8 7.9 3.1 Insurance -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 4.3 1.4 Business, professional services 0.1 0.0 0.0 1.4 0.5

ICT services 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.3 1.2 Construction 0.2 0.1 0.1 3.9 1.9 Personal Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.7 1.4 Public Services 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 Total -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.28

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B.6 Output per country

Table B.26 TiSA impact on output quantities, percent change, scenario A, 2025

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other primary 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.0 Processed Food 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.5 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.8 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.9 0.2 0.1 0.1

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 Electronic Equipment 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.6 0.2 0.0 0.2 1.8 0.0 0.0 -0.3 3.8 0.3 0.1 0.1 Other machinery 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 -1.3 0.2 0.0 0.2 1.5 0.0 0.0 -0.2 2.8 0.2 0.1 0.0

Metals 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.7 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 1.9 0.2 0.1 -0.1

Motor Vehicles 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.6 0.0 0.0 0.1 1.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 1.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 Other Transport Equipment 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 -1.6 0.0 0.0 0.1 2.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 2.6 0.2 0.0 0.1

Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.7 0.1 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.0 0.0

Water Transport 0.9 -1.3 0.1 3.8 -0.1 0.4 -0.3 4.4 3.5 0.1 0.4 10.2 0.2 1.1 0.4 5.2 3.3 -0.9 1.5

Air Transport 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.6 0.5 0.0 0.0 3.4 0.2 0.0 0.1 1.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 Other Transport -0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 1.0 -0.5 0.0 -0.2 4.2 0.1 0.4 0.5 -0.5 0.3 -0.1 0.0 Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 -1.4 0.0 0.1 Distribution 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.8 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 -3.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.5 0.1 0.0 0.2 Finance -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.1 2.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.6 0.0 -0.4 -0.5 -0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 Insurance -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3 -0.1 -0.3 0.2 -0.3 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.4 -0.1 0.0 0.3 Business, professional services -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.8 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -4.2 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -2.3 -0.3 -0.3 0.1

ICT services -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 1.2 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -2.0 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -1.4 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 Construction 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

Personal Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.3 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 -2.1 0.0 0.3 0.0 -1.7 -0.2 0.0 -0.2

Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Electronic Equipment -0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other machinery -0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 Metals -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 Motor Vehicles -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Lumber, Wood, Paper -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Water Transport 0.1 0.6 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1 -1.0 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.6 -0.2 -0.1 -0.6 -0.6 -0.8 -0.8 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 Air Transport -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport 0.4 0.8 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 Communications 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Finance 0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 Insurance 0.5 -3.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 Business, professional services 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

ICT services 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Construction 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Public Services 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

asn ldc row

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food 0.0 0.0 0.0

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asn ldc row

Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.1 0.1 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.0 0.0 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems -0.2 0.0 0.0 Electronic Equipment 0.1 0.0 0.0 Other machinery 0.1 0.0 0.0 Metals 0.1 0.0 0.0 Motor Vehicles 0.1 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.3 0.0 0.0 Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures 0.0 0.0 0.0 Water Transport -1.5 -0.3 -0.7 Air Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.0 0.0 0.0 Finance -0.2 0.0 0.0 Insurance 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 Business, professional services 0.0 0.0 0.0

ICT services 0.0 0.0 0.0 Construction 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.0

Table B.27 TiSA impact on output quantities, percent change, scenario B, 2025

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1

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Other primary 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.0 Processed Food 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.6 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.8 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.9 0.2 0.1 0.1

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.2 0.0 0.1

Electronic Equipment 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.0 -0.8 0.2 0.0 0.3 1.9 0.1 0.0 -0.3 4.0 0.3 0.2 0.1 Other machinery 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.0 -1.6 0.2 0.0 0.4 1.6 0.1 0.0 -0.2 2.9 0.3 0.2 0.1 Metals 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.8 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 2.0 0.2 0.2 -0.1 Motor Vehicles 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.7 0.0 0.0 0.2 1.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 1.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 Other Transport Equipment 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 -1.9 0.0 0.0 0.2 2.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 2.7 0.1 0.1 0.1

Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.1 0.0 0.1 Other Manufactures 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.0 0.1 Water Transport 0.8 -1.6 0.0 3.8 -0.2 0.1 -0.5 4.5 3.5 0.0 0.5 9.8 0.1 0.9 0.3 4.8 2.5 -1.1 1.6 Air Transport 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.2 1.2 0.1 0.0 0.7 0.5 0.1 0.0 3.6 0.2 -0.1 0.1 1.0 0.0 0.1 0.4 Other Transport -0.4 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.8 -0.6 0.0 -0.4 4.0 0.1 0.4 0.4 -0.5 0.3 -0.1 -0.3 Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.1 0.8 0.0 0.0 -0.1 1.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.7 -1.6 0.0 0.2 Distribution 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.4 0.0 -0.3 0.1 1.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.3 -3.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.5 0.2 0.0 0.4 Finance -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.2 0.1 2.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.5 0.1 -0.4 -0.5 -0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 Insurance -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 -0.4 0.2 -0.5 -1.1 0.0 0.0 1.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.4 -0.1 0.0 0.3 Business, professional services -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.9 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -4.3 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -2.3 -0.3 -0.3 0.1

ICT services -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 1.2 -0.4 0.0 0.0 -2.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 -1.4 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 Construction 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.6 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 Personal Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.3 0.0 0.3 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 -2.2 0.0 0.3 0.0 -1.8 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.9 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 Processed Food -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather -0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.1

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Oil, Gas, Coal -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.7 0.0 0.1 0.0

Electronic Equipment -0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.2 1.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 Other machinery -0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.9 0.1 0.2 0.1 Metals -0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.7 0.0 0.2 0.1 Motor Vehicles -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 Other Transport Equipment -0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.1

Lumber, Wood, Paper -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.0 Other Manufactures -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 Water Transport 0.0 0.6 -0.5 -0.6 0.1 -1.2 -0.4 -0.2 -0.3 1.7 -0.3 -0.1 2.4 -0.7 -0.9 4.4 -0.6 1.8 -0.9 Air Transport -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 Other Transport 0.3 0.8 -0.4 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.0 1.0 0.0 -0.2 1.9 -0.1 0.8 -0.2 Communications 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -1.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 Distribution 0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.0 0.0 -2.8 0.0 0.2 0.0 Finance 0.2 0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.3 -0.6 0.0 -2.2 0.0 Insurance 0.5 -3.2 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -1.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 Business, professional services 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 -1.1 0.0 0.0 1.3 0.0 -1.3 0.0

ICT services 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.3 0.0 -1.0 0.0 Construction 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 -0.6 0.0 Public Services 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0

asn ldc row

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other primary 0.0 0.1 0.0 Processed Food 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.1 0.1 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.0 0.0 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems -0.3 0.0 0.0 Electronic Equipment 0.1 0.1 0.0 Other machinery 0.1 0.1 0.1 Metals 0.1 0.0 0.0

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asn ldc row

Motor Vehicles 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.4 0.1 0.1 Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.1 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures 0.1 0.0 0.0 Water Transport -1.8 -0.4 -0.9 Air Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.0 0.0 0.0 Finance -0.2 0.0 0.0 Insurance 0.0 -0.1 0.0 Business, professional services 0.0 0.0 0.0

ICT services 0.0 0.0 0.0 Construction 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services -0.1 0.0 0.0 Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.0

Table B.28 Water transport output in the baseline, and output changes under different scenarios, in million euros

TiSA participants Baseline Scenario A Sscenario B

Australia 6001.7 54.0 48.0

Canada 8585.2 -111.6 -137.3

Chile 6942.1 6.9 0.0

Taiwan 3603.1 136.9 136.9

Colombia 710.8 -0.7 -1.4

Costa Rica 312.7 1.3 0.3

European Union 248131.0 -744.4 -1240.6

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Hong Kong 17264.3 759.6 776.9

Israel 6428.4 225.0 225.0

Japan 81926.6 81.9 0.0

Korea 26037.2 104.1 130.2

Mauritius 84.4 8.6 8.3

Mexico 2965.4 5.9 3.0

New Zealand 1346.5 14.8 12.1

Norway 31357.7 125.4 94.1

Pakistan 209.4 10.9 10.0

Panama 4088.3 134.9 102.2

Peru 1151.6 -10.4 -12.6

rest of EFTA* 403.0 6.0 6.4

Switzerland 4036.5 4.0 0.0

Turkey 28378.7 170.3 170.2

United States 65017.1 -195.1 -325.1

Other countries, regions

Brazil 13145.3 -65.7 -78.8

China 154564.9 -154.6 154.5

Cambodia 210.6 -2.1 -2.5

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India 18392.0 -55.2 -73.6

Indonesia 17226.7 -34.5 -34.5

Laos 40.6 -0.1 -0.1

Malaysia 13080.3 -78.5 222.4

Morocco 1584.0 -3.2 -4.8

Paraguay 114.3 -0.1 -0.1

Philippines 1034.3 -6.2 24.8

Russia 13308.3 -79.9 -93.1

Singapore 27450.2 -219.6 -247.1

Thailand 5217.4 -41.7 229.6

Uruguay 62.5 -0.3 -0.4

Vietnam 2864.2 -17.2 51.5

EU neighbors 12625.7 -88.4 -113.6

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B.7. Low-skilled employment

Table B.28 TiSA impact on low-skilled employment, percent change, scenario A, 2025

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other primary 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.0 Processed Food 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.8 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0

Electronic Equipment 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.0 -1.4 0.1 0.0 0.1 1.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 2.7 0.2 0.1 0.0

Other machinery 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 -1.8 0.1 0.0 0.1 1.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 1.9 0.2 0.1 0.0 Metals 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 1.1 0.2 0.1 -0.1 Motor Vehicles 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.9 0.0 -0.1 0.1 1.6 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 1.8 0.1 0.0 0.0

Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0

Other Manufactures 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.7 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 Water Transport 0.8 -1.3 0.1 3.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.3 2.6 2.8 0.0 0.3 8.6 0.2 0.9 0.4 3.6 3.0 -0.8 1.3 Air Transport 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.7 0.0 0.0 -0.6 0.2 0.0 -0.1 2.6 0.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 Other Transport -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.7 0.0 -0.3 3.2 0.0 0.4 0.4 -1.2 0.3 -0.1 -0.1 Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -1.3 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.7 0.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.3 -0.3 0.0 -0.3 -3.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 -1.2 0.1 -0.1 0.2 Finance -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 0.1 0.0 1.5 -0.3 0.0 -0.2 -0.8 0.0 -0.4 -0.4 -1.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 Insurance -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.4 0.2 -0.9 -1.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.7 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -1.1 -0.1 0.0 0.2 Business, professional services

-0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -1.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.5 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 -4.3 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -2.9 -0.3 -0.3 0.1

ICT services -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 -0.5 0.0 -0.1 -2.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 -2.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 Construction 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.7 0.0 -0.1 0.0 Personal Services -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.5 -0.4 0.0 -0.1 -2.4 0.0 0.3 0.0 -2.3 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Electronic Equipment -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other machinery -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 Metals -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 Motor Vehicles -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Lumber, Wood, Paper -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other Manufactures -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Water Transport 0.2 0.5 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1 -0.9 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.2 -0.1 -0.5 -0.5 -0.7 -0.7 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 Air Transport 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport 0.5 0.6 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 Communications 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Finance 0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 Insurance 0.5 -2.8 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 Business, professional services

0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

ICT services 0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Construction 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Public Services 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

asn ldc row

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.0 0.0

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Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.1 0.0 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.0 0.0 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems -0.2 0.0 0.0 Electronic Equipment 0.1 0.0 0.0 Other machinery 0.1 0.0 0.0 Metals 0.1 0.0 0.0 Motor Vehicles 0.1 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.3 0.0 0.0 Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures 0.0 0.0 0.0 Water Transport -1.3 -0.3 -0.7 Air Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.0 0.0 0.0 Finance -0.1 0.0 0.0 Insurance 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 Business, professional services 0.0 0.0 0.0

ICT services 0.0 0.0 0.0 Construction 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.0

Table B.30 TiSA impact on low-skilled employment, percent change, scenario B, 2025

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other primary 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.0 Processed Food 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.6 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.1 0.1 0.0

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Chemicals, Petrochems 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 -1.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0

Electronic Equipment 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.0 -1.6 0.1 0.0 0.2 1.4 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 2.8 0.2 0.1 0.0

Other machinery 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 -2.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 1.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 1.9 0.2 0.1 0.0 Metals 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.5 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 1.1 0.2 0.1 -0.1 Motor Vehicles 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.7 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 -2.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 1.7 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 1.8 0.0 0.0 0.1

Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0

Other Manufactures 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.8 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 Water Transport 0.7 -1.6 0.0 3.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.5 2.5 2.8 0.0 0.3 8.2 0.1 0.8 0.3 3.2 2.3 -1.1 1.4 Air Transport 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.1 1.1 0.0 0.0 -0.6 0.2 0.0 -0.1 2.7 0.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3 Other Transport -0.4 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.4 -0.8 -0.1 -0.5 3.0 0.0 0.3 0.4 -1.3 0.2 -0.2 -0.3 Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.4 0.0 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -1.5 0.0 0.1 Distribution 0.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.7 0.0 -0.4 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.4 -3.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 -1.3 0.1 -0.1 0.3 Finance -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.0 1.4 -0.3 0.0 -0.3 -0.8 0.0 -0.4 -0.4 -1.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 Insurance -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.4 0.2 -1.1 -1.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.7 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -1.1 -0.1 0.0 0.2 Business, professional services

-0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -1.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.6 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 -4.4 -0.2 0.0 0.1 -3.0 -0.3 -0.3 0.1

ICT services -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3 -0.5 0.0 -0.1 -2.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 -2.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 Construction 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.7 0.0 -0.1 0.0 Personal Services -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.4 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.6 -0.5 0.0 -0.2 -2.5 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -2.4 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3 Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0

Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 Processed Food -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0

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Textiles, Clothing and Leather -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems -0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0

Electronic Equipment -0.3 -0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.9 0.0 0.1 0.0 Other machinery -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.8 0.0 0.1 0.1 Metals -0.2 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.1 Motor Vehicles -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment -0.2 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0

Lumber, Wood, Paper -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Water Transport 0.1 0.4 -0.5 -0.6 0.0 -1.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2 1.3 -0.3 -0.1 2.0 -0.6 -0.8 3.8 -0.6 1.5 -0.8 Air Transport 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport 0.4 0.6 -0.4 0.0 0.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.8 0.0 -0.2 1.6 -0.1 0.6 -0.2 Communications 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.5 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.0 0.0 -2.7 0.0 0.1 0.0 Finance 0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.3 -0.8 0.0 -2.2 0.0 Insurance 0.5 -3.0 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -1.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 Business, professional services 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 -0.1 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.0 -1.3 0.0

ICT services 0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0 Construction 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.6 0.0 Public Services 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other primary 0.0 0.1 0.0 Processed Food 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.1 0.1 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.0 0.0 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems -0.2 0.0 0.0 Electronic Equipment 0.1 0.1 0.0

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asn ldc row

Other machinery 0.1 0.1 0.0 Metals 0.1 0.0 0.0 Motor Vehicles 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.3 0.1 0.0 Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.1 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures 0.1 0.0 0.0 Water Transport -1.6 -0.4 -0.8 Air Transport 0.0 0.0 -0.1 Other Transport -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.0 0.0 0.0 Finance -0.1 0.0 -0.1 Insurance 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 Business, professional services 0.0 0.0 0.0

ICT services 0.0 0.0 0.0 Construction 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services -0.1 0.0 0.0 Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.0

B.8. Medium-skilled employment

Table B.31 TiSA impact on medium-skilled employment, percent change, scenario A, 2025

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other primary 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.2 0.0 Processed Food 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.7 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.8 0.3 0.0 0.2 1.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 1.2 0.2 0.1 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.7 0.4 0.0 0.2 1.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 1.3 0.2 0.0 0.0 Electronic Equipment 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.0 -1.2 0.3 0.0 0.2 1.9 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 3.6 0.2 0.1 0.0 Other machinery 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.0 -1.7 0.3 0.0 0.2 1.7 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 2.7 0.2 0.1 0.0

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Metals 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.1 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.7 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 2.0 0.2 0.1 -0.2 Motor Vehicles 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.9 0.2 0.0 0.1 1.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 1.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.0 -1.7 0.2 -0.1 0.2 2.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 2.6 0.1 0.1 0.0

Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.8 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.9 0.1 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.5 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.7 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 1.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 Water Transport 0.8 -1.3 0.1 3.5 -0.1 0.3 -0.3 2.8 3.1 0.0 0.4 9.4 0.2 0.9 0.3 4.7 3.1 -0.8 1.3 Air Transport 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.5 0.0 0.1 3.3 0.2 -0.1 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 Other Transport -0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 3.9 0.1 0.3 0.3 -0.2 0.3 -0.1 -0.1 Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 -1.3 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -2.6 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 Finance -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 1.7 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.4 -0.5 -0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 Insurance -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 -0.3 0.2 -0.7 -1.0 -0.1 0.0 1.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.1 Business, professional services -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.7 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -3.7 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -2.1 -0.3 -0.2 0.0

ICT services -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -1.7 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 -1.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 Construction 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -1.8 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -1.4 -0.2 0.0 -0.3 Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather -0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems -0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Electronic Equipment -0.3 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other machinery -0.3 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 Metals -0.3 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 Motor Vehicles -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment -0.3 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

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Lumber, Wood, Paper -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures -0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Water Transport 0.0 0.4 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1 -0.9 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.2 -0.1 -0.5 -0.5 -0.7 -0.7 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 Air Transport -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport 0.3 0.6 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 Communications -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Finance 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 Insurance 0.4 -2.9 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.0 Business, professional services 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

ICT services 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Construction 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Public Services 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

asn ldc row

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.1 0.1 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.0 0.0 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems -0.2 0.0 0.0 Electronic Equipment 0.1 0.0 0.0 Other machinery 0.1 0.1 0.0 Metals 0.1 0.0 0.0 Motor Vehicles 0.1 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.3 0.1 0.0 Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures 0.0 0.0 0.0 Water Transport -1.3 -0.3 -0.6 Air Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.0 0.0 0.0

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Finance -0.1 0.0 0.0 Insurance 0.0 0.0 0.0 Business, professional services 0.0 0.0 0.0

ICT services 0.0 0.0 0.0 Construction 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.0

Table B.32 TiSA impact on medium-skilled employment, percent change, scenario B, 2025

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other primary 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.2 0.0 Processed Food 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.5 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.7 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.0 -1.0 0.4 0.0 0.3 1.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 1.2 0.2 0.1 0.1

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 1.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.8 0.4 0.0 0.2 1.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 1.4 0.1 0.0 0.0

Electronic Equipment 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.0 -1.5 0.4 -0.1 0.3 1.9 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 3.8 0.2 0.2 0.0

Other machinery 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.0 -2.0 0.4 0.0 0.4 1.8 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 2.9 0.2 0.2 0.0 Metals 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.0 -1.4 0.3 0.0 0.4 0.7 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 2.1 0.2 0.2 -0.1 Motor Vehicles 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.1 0.2 -0.1 0.2 1.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 1.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.0 -2.1 0.2 -0.1 0.3 2.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 2.8 0.1 0.1 0.0

Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.5 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.9 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.9 0.1 0.0 0.0

Other Manufactures 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.7 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.7 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 1.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 Water Transport 0.7 -1.6 0.1 3.5 -0.2 0.0 -0.5 2.7 3.1 0.0 0.5 9.0 0.1 0.7 0.2 4.4 2.4 -1.0 1.3 Air Transport 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.5 0.0 0.1 3.5 0.2 -0.1 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 Other Transport -0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1 -0.3 3.8 0.0 0.3 0.3 -0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 -1.5 0.0 0.1 Distribution 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 -2.7 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2

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Finance -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.0 1.6 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 -0.4 -0.5 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 Insurance -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 -0.4 0.2 -1.0 -1.0 -0.1 0.1 1.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.1 Business, professional services

-0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.7 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.5 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -3.8 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -2.1 -0.3 -0.3 0.1

ICT services -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.5 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -1.8 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -1.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 Construction 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.8 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.5 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -1.9 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -1.5 -0.2 0.0 -0.3 Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0

Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 1.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather -0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.2 1.7 0.0 0.1 0.1

Oil, Gas, Coal -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.7 0.0 0.2 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems -0.4 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.2 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.0

Electronic Equipment -0.4 -0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.2 2.2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Other machinery -0.4 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.2 2.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Metals -0.3 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.2 1.9 0.0 0.1 0.1 Motor Vehicles -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.2 0.0 0.2 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment -0.3 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.2 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.1

Lumber, Wood, Paper -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 1.6 0.1 0.0 0.0

Other Manufactures -0.4 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 1.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 Water Transport -0.1 0.4 -0.4 -0.6 0.0 -1.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.3 1.6 -0.3 -0.1 2.1 -0.6 -0.7 5.5 -0.6 1.5 -0.8 Air Transport -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 1.8 0.0 -0.1 0.0 Other Transport 0.2 0.6 -0.4 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.0 1.0 0.0 -0.1 3.3 -0.1 0.6 -0.1 Communications -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.1 -1.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 Finance 0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 0.5 0.0 -2.2 0.0

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Insurance 0.4 -3.0 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 Business, professional services

0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.0 -0.1 -0.9 0.0 0.0 2.2 0.0 -1.3 0.0

ICT services 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.3 0.0 -1.0 0.0 Construction 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.2 0.0 -0.6 0.0 Public Services -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0

asn ldc row

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other primary 0.0 0.1 0.0 Processed Food 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.1 0.1 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.0 0.0 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems -0.2 0.0 0.0 Electronic Equipment 0.1 0.1 0.0 Other machinery 0.1 0.1 0.1 Metals 0.1 0.0 0.0 Motor Vehicles 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.3 0.1 0.0 Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.1 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures 0.1 0.0 0.0 Water Transport -1.6 -0.3 -0.8 Air Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.0 0.0 0.0 Finance -0.2 0.0 0.0 Insurance 0.0 -0.1 0.0 Business, professional services 0.0 0.0 0.0

ICT services 0.0 0.0 0.0 Construction 0.0 0.0 0.0

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Personal Services -0.1 0.0 0.0 Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.0

B.9. High-skilled employment

Table B.29 TiSA impact on high-skilled employment, percent change, scenario A, 2025

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0

Other primary 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.2 0.0 Processed Food 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.9 0.3 0.0 0.1 1.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 1.4 0.2 0.1 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.7 0.3 0.0 0.1 1.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 1.6 0.2 0.0 0.0

Electronic Equipment 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.0 -1.3 0.3 0.0 0.1 1.9 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 3.8 0.2 0.1 0.0

Other machinery 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.0 -1.7 0.3 0.0 0.2 1.7 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 3.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 Metals 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.1 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.7 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 2.2 0.2 0.1 -0.2 Motor Vehicles 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 1.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 1.6 0.1 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 -1.7 0.1 0.0 0.1 2.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 2.9 0.2 0.0 0.0

Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 1.1 0.1 0.0 0.0

Other Manufactures 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.6 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.7 0.0 -0.1 0.0 1.3 0.1 0.0 0.0

Water Transport 0.9 -1.3 0.1 3.3 -0.1 0.2 -0.3 2.8 3.0 0.0 0.4 9.4 0.2 0.9 0.3 5.0 3.1 -0.8 1.3 Air Transport 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.4 0.0 0.0 3.4 0.2 -0.1 0.1 1.3 0.0 0.1 0.2 Other Transport -0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.5 0.0 -0.2 4.0 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.1 Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 -1.3 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.5 0.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 -2.5 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 Finance -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.0 1.7 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.4 -0.5 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 Insurance -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 -0.4 0.2 -0.8 -1.0 0.0 0.0 1.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

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Business, professional services

-0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.8 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -3.7 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -1.9 -0.2 -0.2 0.0

ICT services -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -1.7 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 -1.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 Construction 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 -1.8 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -1.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather

-0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems -0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Electronic Equipment -0.3 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other machinery -0.3 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 Metals -0.3 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 Motor Vehicles -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment -0.3 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Lumber, Wood, Paper -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other Manufactures -0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Water Transport 0.1 0.4 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1 -0.9 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.2 -0.1 -0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 -0.4 -0.6 -0.6 Air Transport -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport 0.4 0.6 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Finance 0.2 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0

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Insurance 0.4 -2.9 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 Business, professional services

0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

ICT services 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Construction 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

asn ldc row

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed Food 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.1 0.1 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.0 0.0 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems -0.2 0.0 0.0 Electronic Equipment 0.1 0.0 0.0 Other machinery 0.1 0.1 0.0 Metals 0.1 0.0 0.0 Motor Vehicles 0.1 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.3 0.1 0.0 Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures 0.0 0.0 0.0 Water Transport -1.3 -0.3 -0.6 Air Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.0 0.0 0.0 Finance -0.1 0.0 0.0 Insurance 0.0 0.0 0.0 Business, professional services 0.0 0.0 0.0

ICT services 0.0 0.0 0.0

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Construction 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.0

Table B.34 TiSA impact on high-skilled employment, percent change, scenario B, 2025

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0

Other primary 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.2 0.0 Processed Food 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 -1.0 0.3 0.0 0.2 1.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 1.5 0.2 0.1 0.1

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 1.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.8 0.3 0.0 0.1 1.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 1.6 0.2 0.0 0.0

Electronic Equipment 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.0 -1.4 0.3 0.0 0.3 2.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 4.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 Other machinery 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.0 -1.9 0.3 0.0 0.3 1.8 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 3.1 0.3 0.2 0.0 Metals 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 -1.3 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.8 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 2.3 0.2 0.2 -0.2 Motor Vehicles 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -1.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 1.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 1.6 0.1 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 -2.1 0.1 -0.1 0.2 2.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 3.0 0.1 0.1 0.0

Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.9 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 1.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.7 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.7 0.0 -0.1 0.0 1.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 Water Transport 0.7 -1.6 0.0 3.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.5 2.7 3.0 0.0 0.4 9.0 0.1 0.7 0.2 4.7 2.4 -1.0 1.3 Air Transport 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 1.1 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.4 0.0 0.0 3.5 0.2 -0.1 0.1 1.3 0.0 0.1 0.2 Other Transport -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 -0.6 -0.1 -0.4 3.8 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.4 Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 -1.4 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.5 0.0 -0.4 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.3 -2.6 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.2 Finance -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.0 1.6 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.4 -0.5 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 Insurance -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 -0.4 0.2 -1.0 -1.0 -0.1 0.0 1.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 Business, professional services -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.9 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.5 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -3.8 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -1.9 -0.2 -0.3 0.1

ICT services -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 -0.4 0.0 -0.1 -1.8 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 -1.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 Construction 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.4 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 -1.9 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -1.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.3

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Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0

Other primary 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 Processed Food -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather -0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.8 0.0 0.2 0.1

Oil, Gas, Coal -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems -0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.2 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.0

Electronic Equipment -0.3 -0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.2 1.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 Other machinery -0.3 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.2 1.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 Metals -0.3 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.2 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 Motor Vehicles -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.0 Other Transport Equipment -0.3 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.2 1.0 0.1 0.1 0.1

Lumber, Wood, Paper -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.0 Other Manufactures -0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.0 Water Transport 0.0 0.3 -0.5 -0.6 0.0 -1.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2 1.3 -0.3 -0.1 2.1 -0.6 -0.7 4.4 -0.6 1.6 -0.8 Air Transport -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.1 0.0 Other Transport 0.3 0.6 -0.4 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.9 0.0 -0.1 2.1 -0.1 0.8 -0.2 Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.4 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.6 0.0 0.1 0.0 Distribution 0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.5 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.1 -2.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 Finance 0.2 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.2 -0.3 0.0 -2.1 0.0 Insurance 0.4 -3.0 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.8 0.0 0.0 -0.1 Business, professional services 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.9 0.0 0.0 1.4 0.0 -1.2 0.0

ICT services 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.4 0.0 -0.9 0.0 Construction 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.5 0.0 0.1 0.0 Personal Services 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 -0.5 0.0 Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0

asn ldc row

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Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other primary 0.0 0.1 0.0 Processed Food 0.0 0.0 0.0 Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0.1 0.1 0.0

Oil, Gas, Coal 0.0 0.0 0.0 Chemicals, Petrochems -0.2 0.0 0.0 Electronic Equipment 0.1 0.1 0.0 Other machinery 0.1 0.1 0.1 Metals 0.1 0.0 0.0 Motor Vehicles 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport Equipment 0.3 0.1 0.0 Lumber, Wood, Paper 0.1 0.0 0.0 Other Manufactures 0.1 0.0 0.0 Water Transport -1.6 -0.3 -0.8 Air Transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Transport -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 Communications 0.0 0.0 0.0 Distribution 0.0 0.0 0.0 Finance -0.1 0.0 0.0 Insurance 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 Business, professional services 0.0 0.0 0.0

ICT services 0.0 0.0 0.0 Construction 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services -0.1 0.0 0.0 Public Services 0.0 0.0 0.0

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Annex C: Social analysis: indicator sources and ranking

C.1. Baseline indicator sources and ranking

Table C.1 Baseline indicator sources and ranking

Name of Variable

Exact name on data base Source

Interpretation of the variable

Reasoning Ranking direction

Employment in services

Employment by aggregate sector: Services (%)

KILM 2015 The share of employment in the service sector, compared to total employment.

The higher, the better. Countries on the top 3rd belong to the top 3rd of the ranking

Unemployment duration

Unemployment by duration: sum of the variables “Share of unemployed < 1 month (%)”, “Share of unemployed > 1 month and < 3 months (%)”, and “Share of unemployed > 3 month and < 6 months (%)”.

KILM 2015 The more short-term unemployment (< 6 months) relative to all unemployed in a country, the less systematic unemployment in that country, which might signal a high opportunity that the unemployed become employed again.

The higher the better. Countries on the top 3rd belong to the top 3rd ranking

Unemployment, total

Unemployment rate (%), while selecting ‘Male and female’

KILM 2015 The proportion of the labour force that does not have a job and is actively looking and available for work. A higher unemployment rate may signal bad economic situation in a country

The lower, the better. Countries on the bottom 3rd belong to the top 3rd of the ranking

Unemployment, females

Unemployment rate (%) while only selecting ‘female’

KILM 2015 The proportion of females of the female labour force that does not have a job and is actively looking and available for work. A higher unemployment rate for females in a country might signal a bad economic situation and inequality between

The lower, the better. Countries on the bottom 3rd belong to the top 3rd of the ranking

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Name of Variable

Exact name on data base Source

Interpretation of the variable

Reasoning Ranking direction

men/women (when this unemployment rate diverges from the total unemployment rate).

Unemployment, youth

Youth unemployment rate (%)

KILM 2015 The proportion of youth (15-24) of the youth labour force that does not have a job and is actively looking and available for work. A higher unemployment rate for youth may indicate a bad economic situation and little opportunity for youth to deploy

The lower, the better. Countries on the bottom 3rd belong to the top 3rd of the ranking

Minimum wage Monthly minimum wage in EUR (rounded)

ILO Working Conditions Laws Report 2012 (converted to 2013 EUR)

A higher monthly minimum wage may signal better protection of workers.

The higher, the better. Countries on the top 3rd belong to the top 3rd of the ranking

Gender wage gap

Difference between average earnings of men and average earnings of women expressed as a percentage of average earnings of men

ILOSTAT A higher gender wage gap my signal high gender inequality in a country

The lower, the better. Countries on the bottom 3rd belong to the top 3rd of the ranking

Normal weekly hours limit

Normal weekly hours limit

ILO Working Conditions Laws Report 2012

A higher normal weekly hours limit might imply better working conditions.

The higher, the better. Countries on the top 3rd belong to the top 3rd of the ranking

Minimum annual leave

Minimum annual leave (in working days, calculated for a five-day workweek)

ILO Working Conditions Laws Report 2012

A higher minimum annual leave might imply better working conditions.

The higher, the better. Countries on the top 3rd belong to the top 3rd of the ranking

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Name of Variable

Exact name on data base Source

Interpretation of the variable

Reasoning Ranking direction

Public social security expenditure

Public social security expenditure as % of GDP

ILO social protection database

The higher the social security expenditures as a percentage of GDP, the better social protection.

The higher, the better. Countries on the top 3rd belong to the top 3rd of the ranking

Unemployed receiving unemployment benefits

Unemployed who actually receive benefits (percentages), Contributory and non-contributory schemes

ILO social protection database

The higher the percentage of unemployed who actually receive benefits, the higher the social protection.

The higher, the better. Countries on the top 3rd belong to the top 3rd of the ranking

Trade union density rate

Ratio of wage and salary earners that are trade union members, divided by the total number of wage and salary earners

OECD & ILOSTAT

The higher the percentage, the stronger the representation of employers in the trade union.

The higher, the better. Countries on the top 3rd belong to the top 3rd of the ranking

Collective bargaining coverage rate

Collective bargaining coverage rate (as a percent of total employment). This collective bargaining coverage rate conveys the number of workers covered by one or more collective agreements as a percentage of the total number of persons in employment.

ILOSTAT The higher the percentage, the better the collective bargaining position of trade unions.

The higher, the better. Countries on the top 3rd belong to the top 3rd of the ranking

Poverty headcount

Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of population)

KILM 2015 / WDI

The higher the headcount, the more poverty in a country.

The lower, the better. Countries on the bottom 3rd belong to the top 3rd of the ranking

GINI coefficient Gini index KILM 2015 / WDI

The higher the GINI, the more income inequality in a country.

The lower, the better. Countries on the bottom 3rd belong to the top 3rd of the ranking

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Annex D: Human Rights baseline indicators

D.1. Human rights record based on the ratification level of the fundamental ILO conventions

Table D.1 EU ratification of fundamental ILO conventions

Member state Freedom of association Forced labour Discrimination Child labour C087 C098 C029 C105 C100 C111 C138 C182 Austria Belgium Bulgaria Cyprus Croatia Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Netherlands Poland Portugal Romania Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden

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Member state Freedom of association Forced labour Discrimination Child labour C087 C098 C029 C105 C100 C111 C138 C182 United Kingdom Australia Canada Chile Columbia Chinese Taipei* Costa Rica Hong Kong* Iceland Israel Japan Liechtenstein Mexico New Zealand Norway Pakistan Panama Peru South Korea* Switzerland Turkey Unites States of America

Source: ILO website, own compilation. Green – ratified. Red – not ratified. * - no data.

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D.2. Status of ratifications of core International Human Rights Treaties

Table D.2 EU ratification of core international human rights treaties

Member state

ICCPR

ICCPR-OP1

ICCPR-OP2

ICESCR

ICESCR-OP

CEDAW

OP-CEDAW

CAT

OP-CAT

CRC

OP-CRC-AC

OP-CRC-SC

OP-CRC-IC

ICMW

CPED

ICERD

CRPD

OP-CRPD

Austria Belgium Bulgaria Cyprus Croatia Czech Republic

Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg

Malta Netherlands

Poland Portugal Romania Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden United Kingdom

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Table D.3 TiSA participants ratification of core international human rights treaties

ICCPR

ICCPR-OP1

ICCPR-OP2

ICESCR

ICESCR-OP

CEDAW

OP-CEDAW

CAT

OP-CAT

CRC

OP-CRC-AC

OP-CRC-SC

OP-CRC-IC

ICMW

CPED

ICERD

CRPD

OP-CRPD

Australia Canada Chile Columbia Chinese Taipei*

Costa Rica Hong Kong*

Iceland Israel Japan Liechtenstein

Mexico New Zealand

Norway Pakistan Panama Peru South Korea*

Switzerland

Turkey USA

Source: OHCHR website, own compilation. Green – state party. Red – no action. Yellow – signatory. * - no data. ICCPR- International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. ICCPR-OP1- Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. ICCPR-OP2- Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty. ICESCR – International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.

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ICESCR-OP – Optional Protocol to the Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. CEDAW – Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. OP-CEDAW – Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. CAT –Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. OP-CAT - Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. CRC – Convention on the Rights of the Child. OP-CRC-AC – Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflict. OP-CRC-SC - Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography. OP-CRC-IC - Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on a communications procedure. ICMW – International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families. CPED – International Convention on the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance. ICERD – International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination. CRPD - Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. OP-CRPD – Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.

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D.3. Overview of the Corruption Perception Index per country participating in the TiSA agreement

Table D.4 Corruption perception index (EU)

Member state 2014 score 2013score 2012 score Austria 72 69 69 Belgium 76 75 75 Bulgaria 43 41 41 Cyprus 63 63 66 Croatia 48 48 46 Czech Republic 51 48 49 Denmark 92 91 90 Estonia 69 68 64 Finland 89 89 90 France 69 71 71 Germany 79 78 79 Greece 43 40 36 Hungary 54 54 55 Ireland 74 72 69 Italy 43 43 42 Latvia 55 53 49 Lithuania 58 57 54 Luxembourg 82 80 80 Malta 55 56 57 Netherlands 83 83 84 Poland 61 60 58 Portugal 63 62 63 Romania 43 43 44 Slovakia 50 47 46 Slovenia 58 57 61 Spain 60 59 65 Sweden 87 89 88 United Kingdom 78 76 74

Table D.5 Corruption perception index (TiSA participants)

2014 score 2013score 2012 score Australia 80 81 85 Canada 81 81 84 Chile 73 71 72 Columbia 37 36 36 Chinese Taipei 61 61 61 Costa Rica 54 53 54 Hong Kong 74 75 77 Iceland 79 78 82 Israel 60 61 60 Japan 76 74 74 Liechtenstein* Mexico 35 34 34 New Zealand 91 91 90 Norway 86 86 85 Pakistan 29 28 27 Panama 37 35 38 Peru 38 38 38 South Korea 55 55 56 Switzerland 86 85 86 Turkey 45 50 49 USA 74 75 76

Source: Transparency International website, own compilation. * - no data.

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Annex E: Environmental analysis: indicator sources and ranking

E.1. Baseline indicator sources and ranking

Table E.1 Baseline indicator sources and ranking

Name of the Variable

Exact name on data base

Source Interpretation of the variable Reasoning Ranking direction

Withdrawals per resources (%)

Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)

WDI More freshwater withdrawals as % of the internal resources might signal a detriment to the environment.

The less the better countries on the bottom 3rd belong to the top 3rd of the ranking

BOD emissions Organic water pollutant (BOD) emissions (kg per day per worker)

WDI More BOD emission per day per worker, might signal a detriment to the environment

The less the better countries on the bottom 3rd belong to the top 3rd of the ranking

Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)

Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)

WDI More NOx reflects more CO2 and a detrimental to the environment

The less the better countries on the bottom 3rd belong to the top 3rd of the ranking

Emissions of NOx as percentage of GDP (tonnes / $)

Emissions of NOx as percentage of GDP (tonnes / $)

WIOD NOx/GDP can show the cost of emissions. The higher the indicator, the higher the cost of the emissions.

The less the better countries on the bottom 3rd belong to the top 3rd of the ranking

Particulate matter exposure

Air Pollution - Average Exposure to PM2.5 Score

EPI EPI: Average Exposure to PM2.5 (fine particulate matter) is a population-‐weighted measurement of exposure to PM2.5 in micrograms per cubic meter (μg/m3). Population weighted exposure to PM2.5 (three- year average) Target High Performance Benchmark (raw data): 10 ug/m3 Low Performance Benchmark (raw data): 49.92 ug/m3

The higher the better EPI scores 100 if the goal is met in the country

Particulate matter exposure

Particulate matter exposure (exceedance)

EPI EPI: Average percentage of the population whose exposure to PM2.5 is above

The higher the better EPI scores 100 if the goal is met in the country

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Name of the Variable

Exact name on data base

Source Interpretation of the variable Reasoning Ranking direction

interim health targets of 10, 15, 25, and 35 μg/m3.

Fish stocks indicator

Fish Stocks Score

EPI EPI: The Fish Stocks indicator measures the percentage of a country’s total catch — within its exclusive economic zone — that is comprised of species listed as overexploited or collapsed. What the target is: 0% for Fish Stocks.

The higher the better EPI scores 100 if the goal is met in the country

Change in forest cover indicator

Change in forest cover indicator

EPI EPI: The Change in Forest Cover indicator measures the percent change in forest cover between 2000 and 2012 in areas with greater than 50 percent tree cover. It factors in areas of deforestation (forest loss), reforestation (forest restoration or replanting) and afforestation (conversion of bare or cultivated land into forest). The indicator represents the change in forest cover from 2000 to 2012. Forest loss - Forest gain in > 50% tree cover, as compared to 2000 levels. What the target is: 0 for Change in Forest Cover

The higher the better EPI scores 100 if the goal is met in the country

Number of species endangered or critically endangered

Number of species endangered or critically endangered

Red List UNDP

The less the better countries on the bottom 3rd belong to the top 3rd of the ranking

Share of population served by municipal waste collection (in %)

Share of population served by municipal waste collection (in %)

UNSD The more, the better organized, less harmful for the environment

The higher the better countries on the top 3rd belong to the top 3rd of the ranking. Those are countries that did not lose forest cover

CO2 emissions CO2 emissions (kt) WDI and CO2 emissions (million MT) CGE

WDI and GCE

Less emissions, better for the environment

The less the better countries on the bottom 3rd belong to the top 3rd of the ranking

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Name of the Variable

Exact name on data base

Source Interpretation of the variable Reasoning Ranking direction

A decrease in total emissions is better

Agriculture, textiles, industry, transport sector

Output change for selected sectors

CGE Less increase/a decrease in output from these sectors is better for the environment

The less the better countries on the bottom 3rd belong to the top 3rd of the ranking

GDP Perceptual change in GDP GCE Less increase/a decrease in GDP is better for the environment (note assumption here is that more GDP leads to more waste)

The less the better countries on the bottom 3rd belong to the top 3rd of the ranking

E.2. Greenhouse gas and air pollution emission per country (9) and sector (25)

Table E.2 Effect of TiSA on CO2 emissions per country (in 1,000 tonnes)

Country / Sector Australia

Canada

Chinese Taipei

EU27 Japan Korea Mexico Turkey US Total

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 2 7 0 37 3 -0 4 -0 3 55

Other primary 1 18 3 25 10 15 1 0 9 82

Processed Food 2 10 1 54 3 0 1 5 19 94

Textiles, Clothing and Leather

0 1 5 9 0 11 0 -4 -12 12

Oil, Gas, Coal 15 11 -6 5 -9 22 -1 -16 -179 -157

Chemicals, Petrochems -5 20 33 57 13 50 0 2 -112 58

Electronic Equipment 0 4 2 12 -1 18 1 -0 -11 25

Other machinery 0 4 1 12 1 7 1 -1 -18 7

Metals 5 63 70 303 70 451 3 -59 -199 706

Motor Vehicles 1 3 0 16 0 2 2 -0 -2 22

Other Transport Equipment -0 7 1 8 -1 11 1 -1 -22 3

Lumber, Wood, Paper 1 14 1 37 -1 7 1 -1 -20 39

Other Manufactures 0 1 0 10 1 2 1 0 -2 14

Water Transport 9 -9 584 -529 -57 328 -2 52 -128 248

Air Transport -155 -133 215 -133 -155 262 -52 173 -1,788 -1,765

Other Transport -24 -27 -3 -168 -6 -84 13 45 -315 -568

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Country / Sector Australia

Canada

Chinese Taipei

EU27 Japan Korea Mexico Turkey US Total

Communications 1 2 0 6 1 0 0 1 13 24

Trade (distribution) 3 15 -4 61 16 -28 3 -0 39 104

Finance -0 -14 0 -14 -0 3 -0 0 9 -16

Insurance -0 -17 0 24 -1 4 -2 -14 -7 -11

Business, professional services

-3 -25 -7 29 2 -54 0 2 59 4

ICT services -1 -20 0 2 -0 1 0 -0 1 -18

Construction 1 3 0 31 3 12 2 14 20 86

Personal Services - - - -0 - - - - - -0

Public Services 1 5 1 14 7 1 -3 0 117 142

Total -147 -56 899 -90 -98 1,039 -25 198 -2,528 -810

Scale effect 18,143 31,788 50,058 336,559 48,641 131,354 7,412 32,826 191,379 848,160

Composition effect -18,291 -31,845

-49,159 -336,649 -48,739

-130,316

-7,437 -32,628

-193,907 -848,970

Total baseline 364,325 439,065

290,360 3,584,226

953,737

532,878 351,280

239,608

4,187,715

10,943,193

% -0.04% -0.01% 0.31% 0.00% -0.01% 0.19% -0.01% 0.08% -0.06% -0.01%

Table E.3 Effect of TiSA on CH4 emissions per country

Country /Sector Australia

Canada Chinese Taipei

EU27 Japan Korea Mexico Turkey US Total

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 1,029 854 7 3,998 140 -21 482 -22 562 55

Other primary 210 744 138 1,755 51 591 93 95 445 82

Processed Food 1 0 0 35 0 0 0 0 2 94

Textiles, Clothing and Leather

0 0 0 5 0 1 0 -1 -1 12

Oil, Gas, Coal 98 109 -2 9 -0 9 -1 -16 -1,046 -157

Chemicals, Petrochems -0 4 9 75 1 36 1 1 -43 58

Electronic Equipment 0 0 1 2 -0 3 0 -0 -2 25

Other machinery 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 -0 -2 7

Metals 0 1 9 116 3 69 0 -3 -28 706

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Country /Sector Australia

Canada Chinese Taipei

EU27 Japan Korea Mexico Turkey US Total

Motor Vehicles 0 0 0 44 0 1 1 -0 -0 22

Other Transport Equipment

-0 0 0 2 -0 1 0 -0 -3 3

Lumber, Wood, Paper 0 3 0 38 -0 1 0 -0 -3 39

Other Manufactures 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 -0 14

Water Transport 13 -3 55 -17 -6 33 -1 5 -27 248

Air Transport -1 -3 1 -1 -2 1 -0 2 -65 -1,765

Other Transport -30 -359 -1 -72 -0 -52 3 7 -3,478 -568

Communications 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 24

Trade (distribution) 0 1 -0 9 1 -1 0 -0 4 104

Finance -0 -1 0 -2 -0 0 -0 0 1 -16

Insurance -0 -0 0 5 -0 0 -0 -1 -1 -11

Business, professional services

-1 -2 -0 4 0 -2 0 0 6 4

ICT services -0 -1 0 0 -0 0 0 -0 0 -18

Construction 0 0 0 3 0 2 0 2 2 86

Personal Services - - - -0 - - - - - -0

Public Services 0 0 0 24 0 0 -1 0 9 142

Total 1,320 1,350 218 6,036 188 675 579 69 -3,668 6,766

Scale effect 264,752 213,520 17,170 1,018,055

48,996 56,918 166,247 120,780 1,599,907

3,506,345

Composition effect -263,432

-212,170

-16,952 -1,012,02

0

-48,808

-56,243 -165,669

-120,711

-1,603,57

5

-3,499,57

9 Total baseline 5,316,29

7 4,287,54

4 344,774 20,442,8

79 983,85

8 1,142,93

9 3,338,29

7 2,425,30

8 32,126,6

47 70,408,5

42 % 0.02% 0.03% 0.06% 0.03% 0.02% 0.06% 0.02% 0.00% -0.01% 0.01%

Table E.4 Effect of TiSA on N2O emissions per country

Country /Sector Australia

Canada Chinese Taipei

EU27 Japan Korea Mexico Turkey US Total

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 21 89 1 354 7 -1 31 -1 43 545

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Country /Sector Australia

Canada Chinese Taipei

EU27 Japan Korea Mexico Turkey US Total

Other primary 1 3 0 16 2 3 1 0 2 28

Processed Food 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 3

Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0 -1 -0

Oil, Gas, Coal 0 0 -0 0 -0 0 -0 -0 -3 -2

Chemicals, Petrochems -7 8 2 43 1 9 0 0 -49 8

Electronic Equipment 0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 -0 -1 0

Other machinery 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0 -1 0

Metals 0 1 1 6 1 3 0 -0 -3 8

Motor Vehicles 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0 -0 1

Other Transport Equipment -0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 -0 -1 -0

Lumber, Wood, Paper 0 3 0 2 -0 0 0 -0 -1 4

Other Manufactures 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0 0

Water Transport 0 -1 12 -22 -1 7 -0 1 -7 -11

Air Transport -5 -4 4 -4 -5 5 -1 6 -77 -80

Other Transport -2 -16 -0 -6 -0 -3 1 2 -12 -36

Communications 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

Trade (distribution) 0 1 -0 2 0 -0 0 -0 2 5

Finance -0 -1 0 -0 -0 0 -0 0 0 -1

Insurance -0 -0 0 0 -0 0 -0 -0 -0 -1

Business, professional services

-0 -2 -0 1 0 -0 0 0 2 1

ICT services -0 -1 0 0 -0 0 0 -0 0 -1

Construction 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 4

Personal Services - - - -0 - - - - - -0

Public Services 0 0 0 1 0 0 -0 0 3 4

Total 9 81 20 398 5 24 32 8 -99 478

Scale effect 4,073 7,237 665 59,018 3,455 1,973 7,985 1,937 44,696 131,041

Composition effect -4,064 -7,156 -646 -58,620 -3,450 -1,949 -7,953 -1,929 -44,795 -130,562

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Country /Sector Australia

Canada Chinese Taipei

EU27 Japan Korea Mexico Turkey US Total

Total baseline 81,796 145,325

13,360 1,185,104 69,385 39,624 160,340 38,894 897,507 2,631,336

% 0.01% 0.06% 0.15% 0.03% 0.01% 0.06% 0.02% 0.02% -0.01% 0.02%

Table E.5 Effect of TiSA on NOx emissions per country

Country /Sector Australia

Canada Chinese Taipei

EU27 Japan Korea Mexico Turkey US Total

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 68 79 8 424 16 -14 198 -22 39 797

Other primary 12 44 10 56 18 40 1 0 27 209

Processed Food 44 30 3 118 7 1 4 9 61 276

Textiles, Clothing and Leather

3 3 22 21 0 44 1 -12 -46 37

Oil, Gas, Coal 49 25 -15 7 -13 43 -1 -25 -258 -188

Chemicals, Petrochems -20 34 86 110 22 96 1 5 -277 56

Electronic Equipment 1 10 40 44 -2 74 3 -0 -39 131

Other machinery 2 11 5 32 3 24 2 -2 -61 16

Metals 25 79 167 515 87 763 6 -78 -385 1,179

Motor Vehicles 7 9 2 58 1 5 4 -1 -9 77

Other Transport Equipment

-1 21 6 17 -2 38 2 -3 -81 -1

Lumber, Wood, Paper 20 161 6 128 -4 21 5 -2 -114 220

Other Manufactures 1 4 1 37 2 4 1 1 -6 44

Water Transport 486 -169 4,323 -11,938 -852 1,552 -11 247 -2,565 -8,927

Air Transport -1,825 -519 1,144 -286 -503 891 -161 577 -7,509 -8,189

Other Transport -516 -193 -62 -1,191 -33 -1,125 167 597 -2,352 -4,709

Communications 5 4 1 34 2 1 1 2 42 92

Trade (distribution) 24 40 -24 292 43 -82 7 -1 117 417

Finance -1 -40 1 -35 -0 9 -0 1 30 -36

Insurance -2 -63 3 60 -2 17 -4 -33 -51 -77

Business, professional services

-30 -61 -35 101 7 -142 0 5 193 38

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Country /Sector Australia

Canada Chinese Taipei

EU27 Japan Korea Mexico Turkey US Total

ICT services -15 -58 1 3 -1 3 1 -0 2 -63

Construction 17 32 2 201 26 55 8 58 230 630

Personal Services - - - -0 - - - - - -0

Public Services 5 16 3 55 19 2 -6 2 381 477

Total -1,642 -499 5,698 -11,137 -1,157 2,317 228 1,324 -12,629 -17,498

Scale effect 116,673 73,211 60,219 580,770 152,209 91,569 93,564 66,772 592,606 1,827,592

Composition effect -118,315

-73,710 -54,521 -591,907 -153,366

-89,252 -93,337 -65,448 -605,235 -1,845,09

0 Total baseline 2,342,8

27 1,470,1

05 1,209,209 11,662,0

47 3,056,4

04 1,838,7

35 1,878,8

02 1,340,7

93 11,899,7

18 36,698,6

40 % -0.07% -0.03% 0.47% -0.10% -0.04% 0.13% 0.01% 0.10% -0.11% -0.05%

Table E.6 Effect of TiSA on SOx emissions per country

Country / Sector Australia

Canada Chinese Taipei

EU27 Japan Korea Mexico Turkey US Total

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 7 12 15 42 1 -15 224 -23 3 266

Other primary 3 19 7 8 2 15 0 0 6 61

Processed Food 28 30 2 48 2 0 1 3 31 145

Textiles, Clothing and Leather

1 1 15 8 0 16 0 -4 -10 28

Oil, Gas, Coal 108 72 -38 12 -18 65 -1 -36 -552 -389

Chemicals, Petrochems -52 118 167 86 27 88 1 3 -544 -106

Electronic Equipment 0 4 28 52 -0 27 1 -0 -8 104

Other machinery 1 5 4 6 0 9 1 -1 -13 11

Metals 48 206 202 405 82 501 3 -44 -396 1.005

Motor Vehicles 2 4 1 3 0 2 1 -0 -2 11

Other Transport Equipment

-0 9 4 4 -0 14 1 -1 -17 13

Lumber, Wood, Paper 13 168 4 59 -1 7 2 -1 -56 195

Other Manufactures 0 2 1 5 0 1 0 0 -1 8

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Country / Sector Australia

Canada Chinese Taipei

EU27 Japan Korea Mexico Turkey US Total

Water Transport 422 -225 420 -5,802 -367 78 -1 12 -1,722 -7,186

Air Transport -194 -85 55 -16 -27 22 -4 14 -618 -853

Other Transport -12 -7 -2 -17 -0 -23 4 12 -42 -88

Communications 1 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 9 15

Trade (distribution) 7 17 -17 13 6 -30 3 -0 25 23

Finance -0 -17 1 -5 -0 3 -0 1 6 -12

Insurance -1 -27 2 10 -0 6 -2 -12 -11 -33

Business, professional services

-8 -26 -25 6 1 -52 0 2 41 -61

ICT services -4 -24 1 1 -0 1 0 -0 1 -25

Construction 2 5 1 13 1 15 2 15 20 75

Personal Services - - - -0 - - - - - -0

Public Services 1 7 2 10 3 1 -2 1 81 103

Total 372 270 850 -5,050 -288 752 235 -61 -3,769 -6,689

Scale effect 128,731 95,703 71,998 323,341 84,069 68,784 78,387 57,042 503,334 1,411,389

Composition effect -128,359

-95,432 -71,148 -328,391

-84,357 -68,032 -78,152 -57,103 -507,104 -1,418,07

8 Total baseline 2,584,9

65 1,921,7

37 1,445,752 6,492,7

86 1,688,1

31 1,381,2

12 1,574,0

35 1,145,4

22 10,107,1

13 28,341,1

52 % 0.01% 0.01% 0.06% -0.08% -0.02% 0.05% 0.01% -0.01% -0.04% -0.02%

Table E. 7 Effect of TiSA on CO emissions per country

Country / Sector Australia

Canada Chinese Taipei

EU27 Japan Korea Mexico Turkey US Total

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 507 225 2 835 9 -2 62 -4 184 1.820

Other primary 50 70 18 69 6 63 5 1 73 355

Processed Food 141 36 2 90 2 0 7 10 127 415

Textiles, Clothing and Leather

12 4 37 20 0 70 3 -29 -122 -4

Oil, Gas, Coal 104 27 -39 3 -2 101 -13 -120 -301 -241

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Country / Sector Australia

Canada Chinese Taipei

EU27 Japan Korea Mexico Turkey US Total

Chemicals, Petrochems -226 132 98 123 20 106 2 9 -1,958 -1,694

Electronic Equipment 3 17 68 102 -1 116 14 -1 -103 216

Other machinery 9 18 9 44 1 38 8 -6 -164 -42

Metals 1,085 1,286 438 3,286 310 2,037 24 -243 -5,165 3,059

Motor Vehicles 30 15 3 85 0 8 17 -3 -23 132

Other Transport Equipment

-3 34 11 20 -1 60 10 -7 -217 -93

Lumber, Wood, Paper 53 153 6 165 -1 22 18 -4 -196 215

Other Manufactures 2 7 1 51 1 6 5 1 -15 59

Water Transport 4,236 -560 775 -1,510 -611 255 -5 62 -14,309 -11,667

Air Transport -3,675 -398 2,528 -175 -83 1,803 -915 1,800 -9,682 -8,798

Other Transport -612 -87 -49 -769 -3 -815 340 666 -1,785 -3,115

Communications 21 7 2 21 1 1 2 6 112 173

Trade (distribution) 100 64 -41 255 15 -130 30 -2 314 605

Finance -4 -63 2 -94 -0 13 -1 4 80 -65

Insurance -10 -100 6 99 -1 26 -20 -81 -137 -219

Business, professional services

-127 -97 -61 111 2 -224 1 13 518 138

ICT services -63 -92 2 4 -0 5 4 -0 6 -134

Construction 49 35 2 177 6 53 23 86 424 855

Personal Services - - - -8 - - - - - -8

Public Services 22 25 5 91 7 4 -28 4 1,022 1,151

Total 1,706 758 3,825 3,093 -324 3,616 -408 2,163 -31,318 -16,889

Scale effect 862,559 136,672 94,790 618,577 101,945 122,974 333,340 78,130 1,629,845

3,978,832

Composition effect -860,853 -135,914

-90,965 -615,484 -102,268

-119,358

-333,747

-75,967 -1,661,163

-3,995,721

Total baseline 17,320,471

2,744,419

1,903,421 12,421,228

2,047,082

2,469,350

6,693,567

1,568,877

32,727,815

79,896,230

% 0.01% 0.03% 0.20% 0.02% -0.02% 0.15% -0.01% 0.14% -0.10% -0.02%

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Table E. 8 Effect of TiSA on NMVOC emissions per country

Country / Sector Australia Canada Chinese Taipei

EU27 Japan Korea Mexico Turkey US Total

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish

130 128 1 836 16 -5 47 -6 63 1,210

Other primary 17 53 4 63 14 86 2 1 33 271

Processed Food 88 51 3 248 7 3 12 33 105 549

Textiles, Clothing and Leather

4 3 9 31 0 96 1 -19 -55 71

Oil, Gas, Coal 23 20 -9 2 -3 129 -4 -78 -98 -19

Chemicals, Petrochems -61 80 120 341 35 610 3 15 -701 443

Electronic Equipment 1 13 17 58 -2 159 5 -1 -46 204

Other machinery 3 14 2 38 2 52 3 -4 -73 37

Metals 11 49 59 227 24 1,441 6 -94 -181 1,543

Motor Vehicles 10 11 1 160 1 11 6 -2 -10 187

Other Transport Equipment

-1 25 3 160 -1 82 3 -5 -98 169

Lumber, Wood, Paper 18 118 2 202 -2 35 7 -3 -90 287

Other Manufactures 1 5 0 97 1 8 2 1 -7 108

Water Transport 261 -77 119 -571 -249 214 -1 26 -1,177 -1,455

Air Transport -151 -36 130 -31 -23 507 -63 249 -530 52

Other Transport -66 -21 -4 -168 -2 -326 34 131 -257 -678

Communications 7 5 0 4 2 2 1 4 50 75

Trade (distribution) 34 48 -10 79 33 -178 10 -1 141 155

Finance -1 -48 0 -10 -0 18 -0 2 36 -3

Insurance -3 -75 1 34 -2 36 -7 -55 -61 -132

Business, professional services

-43 -72 -15 23 5 -308 0 9 233 -168

ICT services -21 -69 0 1 -1 6 1 -0 3 -78

Construction 30 47 2 273 25 288 30 228 340 1,264

Personal Services - - - -1 - - - - - -1

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Country / Sector Australia Canada Chinese Taipei

EU27 Japan Korea Mexico Turkey US Total

Public Services 7 19 1 14 15 5 -9 2 459 513

Total 299 290 439 2,109 -104 2,974 85 434 -1,922 4,604

Scale effect 91,662 63,037 22,151 362,324 65,856 148,762 121,151 59,390 443,263 1,377,597

Composition effect -91,363 -62,748 -21,712 -360,215

-65,960 -145,788

-121,066

-58,956 -445,184

-1,372,99

3 Total baseline 1,840,597 1,265,81

0 444,804 7,275,58

3 1,322,41

4 2,987,19

9 2,432,76

0 1,192,57

0 8,900,86

0 27,662,5

97 % 0.02% 0.02% 0.10% 0.03% -0.01% 0.10% 0.00% 0.04% -0.02% 0.02%

Table E. 9 Effect of TiSA on NH3 emissions per country

Country / Sector Australia Canada Chinese Taipei

EU27 Japan Korea Mexico Turkey US Total

Agriculture, Forestry, Fish 134 307 5 1,396 37 -3 103 -13 118 2,084

Other primary 0 2 0 19 0 0 0 0 1 22

Processed Food 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 3

Textiles, Clothing and Leather 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0 -0 -0

Oil, Gas, Coal 0 0 -0 0 -0 0 -0 -0 -1 -1

Chemicals, Petrochems -0 4 0 15 0 1 0 0 -5 15

Electronic Equipment 0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 -0 -0 0

Other machinery 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0 -1 -0

Metals 0 1 0 7 0 2 0 -1 -8 2

Motor Vehicles 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0 -1 1

Other Transport Equipment -0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 -0 -0 -0

Lumber, Wood, Paper 0 1 0 2 -0 0 0 -0 -0 2

Other Manufactures 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0 0

Water Transport 0 -0 0 -1 -0 0 -0 0 -4 -5

Air Transport - - - -1 - - - - - -1

Other Transport -0 -0 -0 -3 -0 -1 0 0 -4 -7

Communications 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

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Country / Sector Australia Canada Chinese Taipei

EU27 Japan Korea Mexico Turkey US Total

Trade (distribution) 0 0 -0 2 0 -0 0 -0 2 4

Finance -0 -0 0 -0 -0 0 -0 0 0 -0

Insurance -0 -0 0 1 -0 0 -0 -0 -1 -1

Business, professional services

-0 -1 -0 1 0 -1 0 0 4 2

ICT services -0 -0 0 0 -0 0 0 -0 0 -0

Construction 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 2

Personal Services - - - -0 - - - - - -0

Public Services 0 0 0 3 0 0 -0 0 4 7

Total 134 314 5 1.444 38 -1 103 -14 107 2.131

Scale effect 20,366 19,289 1,627 187,383 9,612 4,501 24,253 24,057 102,668 393,757

Composition effect -20,232 -18,975 -1,622 -185,939 -9,574 -4,502 -24,149 -24,071 -102,561 -391,626

Total baseline 408,954 387,327 32,674 3,762,720

193,019

90,384

487,007

483,075

2,061,600

7,906,760

% 0.03% 0.08% 0.02% 0.04% 0.02% 0.00% 0.02% 0.00% 0.01% 0.03%

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E.3. Literature list environmental impact analysis

General literature: To be inserted in final phase. Water management sources:

Australian Government National Water Commission, 2015. Current issues; The Canadian Council for Public-Private Partnerships, 2015. Water & Wastewater; OECD, 2012. Water Governance in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Multi-Level

Approach; Pi-Chu Chiu, 2006. Risk Management Strategy for Infrastructure Public-Private

Partnership Projects; UNRISD, 2007. Social policies and private sector participation in water supply – the case

of Colombia; TNI, 2006. Hong Kong: A Role Model of Public-Operated Water Supply Services; J. Esteban Castro & L. Heller, 2012. Water and Sanitation Services: Public Policy and

Management; N. Becker, 2013. Water Policy in Israel: Context, Issues and Options; Swing Corporation, 2015. Japan’s first Public-Private Partnership water supply business

led by private sector; Yong-seong KIM, 2011. Public and Private Partnerships in Korea; OECD, 2014. OECD Investment Policy Reviews: Mauritius 2014; NZSIF, 2009. Market Potential for PPPs in New Zealand; V. Pavlov, N. Hänninen & E. Pongácz, 2014. Overview of Water Services in Finland,

Norway, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Ireland; W.K. Tayler, 2007. Options for private sector involvement in rural water supply

provision in Pakistan. Journal of International Development, 19(6); ECLAC, 1998. Progress in the privatization of water-related public services: a country-

by-country review for Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean; OECD, 2012. Water Governance in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Multi-Level

Approach; M. Saladin, 2002. Community Water Supply Switzerland – what can we learn from a

century of successful operation? T. Cinar, 2009. Privatisation of urban water and sewerage services in Turkey: some

trends. Development in Practice 19 (3); Error! Hyperlink reference not valid.EY, 2013. The US water sector on the verge

of transformation.

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Annex F: In-depth sector analyses

Water transport services

Table F.1 World Bank STRI maritime transport services, EU MS6 and other TiSA participants

Maritime Shipping

International Maritime Auxiliary

Services

Country Mode 1 Mode 3 Overall Mode 3 Overall

Australia 25 50 32.5 0 0

Austria No data No data No data No data No data

Belgium 0 25 7.5 0 0

Bulgaria 0 0 0 0 0

Canada 25 50 32.5 0 0

Chile 0 25 7.5 25 25

Colombia 0 0 0 0 0

Costa Rica 25 25 25 25 25

Czech Republic No data No data No data No data No data

Denmark 0 25 7.5 0 0

Estonia No data No data No data No data No data

Finland 0 25 7.5 25 25

France 0 100 30 0 0

Germany 0 50 15 25 25

Greece 0 50 15 25 25

Hungary No data No data No data No data No data

Iceland No data No data No data No data No data

Ireland 0 25 7.5 0 0

Israel No data No data No data No data No data

Italy 0 50 15 25 25

Japan 25 50 32.5 0 0

Korea, Republic of 25 0 17.5 0 0

Latvia No data No data No data No data No data

Lithuania 0 25 7.5 0 0

Mauritius 0 0 0 75 75

Mexico 50 50 50 25 25

Netherlands 0 50 15 0 0

New Zealand 25 25 25 0 0

Norway No data No data No data No data No data

Pakistan 50 0 35 50 50

Panama 0 25 7.5 25 25

Peru 0 50 15 0 0

Poland 0 50 15 50 50

Portugal 0 0 0 0 0

Romania 0 0 0 0 0

6 The World Bank STRI database does not provide an STRI for the EU as a whole.

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Slovenia No data No data No data No data No data

Spain 0 25 7.5 0 0

Sweden 0 25 7.5 0 0

Switzerland No data No data No data No data No data

Turkey 0 25 7.5 25 25

United Kingdom 0 75 22.5 0 0

United States of America 25 25 25 0 0 Source: World Bank STRI

Figure F.1 STRI water transport services, average for TiSA countries (incl. EU)

Source: OECD STRI, author’s calculations

Figure F.2 STRI water transport services per country

Source: OECD STRI

0,126

0,050

0,006

0,025

0,012

0

0,02

0,04

0,06

0,08

0,1

0,12

0,14Restrictions on foreignentry

Restrictions on themovement of people

Other discriminatorymeasures

Barriers to competition

Regulatory transparency

0,000

0,050

0,100

0,150

0,200

0,250

0,300

0,350

0,400

Regulatory transparency Barriers to competitionOther discriminatory measures Restrictions on the movement of peopleRestrictions on foreign entry

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Figure F.3 Water and STRI in the water transport services sector.

Source: OECD (2015), Water in the GATS: methodology and results Table F.2 ILO ratifications of the TiSA participants

Country c029 forced labour  

c087 freedom of association and protection of the right to organise  

c098 right to organise and collective bargaining 

c100 equal remuneration 

c105 abolition of forced labour 

c111 discrimination (employment and occupation) 

c138 minimum age 

Australia  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force    

Canada  In force  In force     In force  In force  In force 

Will enter in force on 08‐06‐17 

Chili  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force 

Chinese Taipei  No data  No data  No data  No data  No data  No data  No data 

Colombia  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force 

Costa Rica  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force 

Hong Kong Notified as applicable 

Notified as applicable 

Notified as applicable 

Notified as applicable 

Notified as applicable  Not applicable 

Notified as applicable 

Israel  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force 

Japan  In force  In force  In force  In force        In force 

Korea           In force     In force  In force 

Mauritius  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force 

Mexico  In force  In force     In force  In force  In force  In force 

New Zealand  In force     In force  In force  In force  In force    

Norway  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force 

Pakistan  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force 

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Panama  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force 

Peru  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force 

Rest of EFTA  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force 

Switzerland  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force 

Turkey  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force  In force 

United States              In force       

Source: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:12001:::NO::: Table F.3 TiSA participant’s ratification of MARPOL (as of February 2017)

MARPOL

73/78 (Annex I/II)

MARPOL 73/78 (Annex

III)

MARPOL 73/78 (Annex

IV)

MARPOL 73/78 (Annex

V)

MARPOL Protocol 97 (Annex VI)

Australia x x x x x

Austria x x x x

Belgium x x x x x

Bulgaria x x x x x

Cambodia x x x x

Canada x x x x x

Chile x x x x x

Colombia x x x x

Costa Rica

Croatia x x x x x

Cyprus x x x x x

Czechia x x x x x

Denmark x x x x x

Estonia x x x x x

Finland x x x x x

France x x x x x

Germany x x x x x

Greece x x x x x

Hong Kong x x x x x

Hungary x x x x

Iceland x x x

Ireland x x x x x

Israel x x x

Italy x x x x x

Japan x x x x x

Latvia x x x x x

Liechtenstein

Lithuania x x x x x

Luxembourg x x x x x

Malta x x x x x

Mauritius x x x x

Mexico x x

Morocco x x x x x

Netherlands x x x x x

New Zealand x x x

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Norway x x x x x

Pakistan x x x x

Panama x x x x x

Peru x x x x x

Poland x x x x x

Portugal x x x x x

Republic of Korea

x x x x x

Romania x x x x x

Slovakia x x x x x

Slovenia x x x x x

Spain x x x x x

Sweden x x x x x

Switzerland x x x x x

Turkey x x x x x

United Kingdom x x x x x

United States x x x x Source: http://www.imo.org/en/About/Conventions/StatusOfConventions/Pages/Default.aspx

Finance and insurance services

Table F.4 Categorisation of financial services providers@ Category Service

providers Services

Insurance

Insurance Life, accident and health insurance services

Insurance transactions involve the insured assuming a guaranteed and known relatively small loss in the form of payment to the insurer in exchange for the insurer's promise to compensate the insured in the event of a covered loss. The loss may or may not be financial, but it must be reducible to financial terms, and must involve something in which the insured has an insurable interest established by ownership, possession, or pre-existing relationship.

Health insurance is often an integral part of a country’s health system, as part of social security provided or arranged for by the Government. In some countries (e.g. the UK), health care is universally provided by the Government, in other countries (e.g. the Netherlands) taking out private healthcare (above a certain income) is compulsory.

Life insurance differs from other types of insurance (non-life) mainly in terms of risk (death is inevitable), tenure (long terms), insurable interest, payment of premium, and indemnity of loss.

Non-life insurance services

Re-insurance Reinsurance and retrocession

Reinsurance, also known as insurance for insurers or stop-loss insurance, is the practice of insurers transferring portions of risk portfolios to other parties by some form of agreement to reduce the likelihood of having to pay a large obligation resulting from an insurance claim. The party that diversifies its insurance portfolio is known as the ceding party. The party that accepts a portion of the potential

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Category Service providers

Services

obligation in exchange for a share of the insurance premium is known as the reinsurer.)

Retrocession is the practice of one reinsurance company providing services to another by insuring the activities of another reinsurance company. This is done by accepting business that the other company had agreed to underwrite. Retrocession can refer to the process of differentiating or diversifying assets by consolidating and then subdividing them among a number of stakeholders.

Auxiliary services

Services auxiliary to insurance

Services auxiliary to insurance include mainly broking and agency services.

Banking and other financial services

Investment funds

Traditional investment managers

The professional asset management of various securities (shares, bonds and other securities) and other assets (e.g., real estate) in order to meet specified investment goals for the benefit of the investors. Investors may be institutions (insurance companies, pension funds, corporations, charities, educational establishments etc.) or private investors (both directly via investment contracts and more commonly via collective investment schemes e.g. mutual funds or exchange-traded funds).

Hedge funds An investment fund administered by a professional management firm, and often structured as a limited partnership, limited liability company, or similar vehicle. Hedge funds are generally distinct from mutual funds as their use of leverage is not capped by regulators and from private equity funds as the majority of hedge funds invest in relatively liquid assets.

Private equity companies

Consists of equity, securities and debt in operating companies that are not publicly traded on a stock exchange. A private equity investment will generally be made by a private equity firm, a venture capital firm or an angel investor. While each of these type of investor will have its own set of goals, preferences and investment strategies, all provide working capital to a target company to nurture expansion, new-product development, or restructuring of the company’s operations, management, or ownership.

Real estate investors

Involves the purchase, ownership, management, rental and/or sale of real estate for profit. Real estate has traditionally outperformed the Wall Street equity market. A street by street knowledge of the market make it perfect for small savvy investors. Large institutions lag behind trends. Improvement of realty property as part of a real estate investment strategy is generally considered to be a sub-specialty of real estate investing called real estate development. Real estate is an asset form with limited liquidity relative to other investments, it is also capital intensive (although capital may be gained through mortgage leverage) and is highly cash flow dependent.

Monetary and financial

Retail banks Execute transactions directly with consumers, rather than corporations or other banks. Services offered include savings and transactional accounts, mortgages, personal

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Category Service providers

Services

institutions (MFI)

loans, debit cards, and credit cards. The term is generally used to distinguish these banking services from investment banking, commercial banking or wholesale banking. It may also be used to refer to a division of a bank dealing with retail customers and can also be termed as Personal Banking services.

Wholesale banks

Provide services to organisations such as Mortgage Brokers, large corporate clients, mid-sized companies, real estate developers and investors, international trade finance businesses, institutional customers (such as pension funds and government entities/agencies), and services offered to other banks or other financial institutions.

(Wholesale finance means financial services, which are conducted between financial services companies and institutions such as banks, insurers, fund managers, and stockbrokers.)

Commercial banks

Provide services such as accepting deposits, making business loans, and offering basic investment products. It can also refer to a bank or a division of a bank that mostly deals with deposits and loans from corporations or large businesses.

Investment banks

Assists individuals, corporations, and governments in raising capital by underwriting or acting as the client's agent in the issuance of securities (or both). An investment bank may also assist companies involved in mergers and acquisitions and provide ancillary services such as market making, trading of derivatives and equity securities, and FICC services (fixed income instruments, currencies, and commodities).

Private banks & wealth managers

Wealth management as an investment-advisory discipline incorporates financial planning, investment portfolio management and a number of aggregated financial services. High-net-worth individuals (HNWIs), small-business owners and families who desire the assistance of a credentialed financial advisory specialist call upon wealth managers to coordinate retail banking, estate planning, legal resources, tax professionals and investment management.

Private banking includes banking, investment and other financial services provided by banks to private individuals who enjoy high levels of income or invest sizable assets. Private banking forms a more exclusive subset of wealth management.

Money market funds (MMFs)*

A MMF is an investment whose objective is to earn interest for shareholders while offering a certain net asset value (NAV) per share. A money market fund’s portfolio is comprised of short-term, or less than one year, securities representing high-quality, liquid debt and monetary instruments. Investors can purchase shares of money market funds through mutual funds, brokerage firms and banks. MMFs are an important source of short-term financing for companies and government entities.

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Category Service providers

Services

There are currently two kinds of MMFs:

- those that offer a variable net asset value (VNAV) that mainly depends on market fluctuations;

- those that offer a constant net asset value (CNAV) and aim to offer share purchases and redemptions for a fixed price.

MMFs are mainly used to invest excess cash within short timeframes. They represent an important tool for investors because they offer the possibility to diversify their excess cash holdings, whilst maintaining a high level of liquidity.

Securitisation Securitisation is the process of pooling together a large number of loans (such as mortgages, auto loans or SME loans) held on the balance sheet of a bank or other financial institution (the Originator) and selling them to a newly created and legally separate entity (the Issuer). This entity finances the purchase of the loans by issuing bonds to investors. The loans generate cash flows (for example, monthly mortgage payments from homeowners), which are used to repay the investors. In this way, loans which would otherwise be illiquid can be converted into more liquid and tradeable securities.7

Financial vehicle corporations (FVC)

An FVC is an entity whose principal activity meets both of the following criteria:

- It carries out securitisation transactions and is insulated from the risk of bankruptcy or any other default of the originator;

- It issues securities, securitisation fund units, other debt instruments and/or financial derivatives and/or legally or economically own assets underlying the issue of securities, securitisation fund units, other debt instruments and/or financial derivatives that are offered for sale to the public or sold on the basis of private placements. (ECB, 2012)

Investment banks#

See above

Financial Market Infrastructure8

An FMI is a multilateral system among participating institutions, including the operator of the system, used for the purposes of clearing, settling, or recording payments, securities, derivatives, or other financial transactions. FMIs typically establish a set of common rules and procedures for all participants, a technical infrastructure, and a specialised risk-management framework appropriate to the risks they incur. They include:

- Recognised payment systems

Payment systems enable the lending and repayment of money, allow businesses to receive payments for goods and services, and facilitate the payment of salaries and benefits to the general public.

7 AFME (2016) (http://www.afme.eu/WorkArea//DownloadAsset.aspx?id=14233).

8 Definitions taken mostly from BIS/OICU-IOSCO, Committee on Payment and Settlement Systems, Technical Committee of the International Organization of Securities Commissions (2012): “Principles for financial market infrastructures” (www.bis.org/cpmi/publ/d101a.pdf) – unless specified otherwise.

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Category Service providers

Services

- Central counterparties (CCP) clearing houses

A CCP interposes itself between counterparties to contracts traded in one or more financial markets, becoming the buyer to every seller and the seller to every buyer and thereby ensuring the performance of open contracts. CCPs have the potential to reduce significantly risks to participants through the multilateral netting of trades and by imposing more-effective risk controls on all participants. As a result of their potential to reduce risks to participants, CCPs also can reduce systemic risk in the markets they serve.

- Central Securities Depositories (CSDs)

A CSD provides securities accounts, central safekeeping services, and asset services, which may include the administration of corporate actions and redemptions, and plays an important role in helping to ensure the integrity of securities issues (that is, ensure that securities are not accidentally or fraudulently created or destroyed or their details changed). In many countries CSD also operate an SSS

- Securities Settlement System (SSS)

A SSS enables securities to be transferred and settled by book entry according to a set of predetermined multilateral rules. Such systems allow transfers of securities either free of payment or against payment.

- Trade repository (TR)

A TR is an entity that maintains a centralised electronic record (database) of transaction data. By centralising the collection, storage, and dissemination of data, a well-designed TR that operates with effective risk controls can serve an important role in enhancing the transparency of transaction information to relevant authorities and the public, promoting financial stability, and supporting the detection and prevention of market abuse. An important function of a TR is to provide information that supports risk reduction, operational efficiency and effectiveness, and cost savings for both individual entities and the market as a whole.

Exchanges Exchanges bring together brokers and dealers who buy and sell financial products / instruments. Exchanges can be subdivided by type of instrument, e.g. Stock exchange or securities exchange, Commodities exchange, Foreign exchange market (rare nowadays in the form of a specialized institution); or by type of trade, e.g. Classical exchange (for spot trades) and Futures exchange or futures and options exchange (for derivatives).

Exchanges typically have the benefit of a clearinghouse to cover defaults, as opposed to over-the-counter (OTC) trade, which provides less protection against counter-party risk from clearinghouses.

@ Compulsory social security and pension funds are generally included under public services in trade agreements. # For presentation purposes services providers are grouped under one area / category of services but in reality many will

provide several different types of services and there will thus be some overlap. E.g. investment banks are involved in securitisation.

* Whilst not strictly speaking an institution but an instrument, a

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Annex G: Stakeholder consultations

G1. Approach for resuming stakeholder consultations, December 2015

Stakeholder consultations are an important part of Trade SIAs. It is not only a tool for requesting input and feedback from all interested stakeholders, but also a mean to update stakeholders on the progress of the study and to disseminate study results and related material. Due to a longer time period needed to specify and agree on the methodology for the study, stakeholder consultations have been temporarily put on hold (only responding to inputs from stakeholders). However, as the study is now moving forward again it is necessary to re-engage with stakeholders and to inform them on status and way forward of the study. Below we present the working plan for resuming the stakeholder consultations.

G.1.1 Updating the consultation tools

The existing consultation tools will be updated in order to update stakeholders on the status of the report and to make them aware of the ongoing work and way forward.

Website

To start with, the Trade SIA website will be updated. The new timeline will be presented on the website. In the news section, a news item will be posted with the latest update on the study and the way forward. In addition a news item will be posted concerning the survey, stakeholders will be reminded of the survey and requested to fill in the survey, which will remain open until 15 March. In case of any other outdated pages on the website, these will be updated to the current situation as well.

Social media

The different social media tools will also be updated, both in terms of appearance as well as in content. In order to increase the stakeholder database, a message will be posted that stakeholders can be included in the Trade SIA on TiSA mailing list by sending an email to [email protected].

Facebook On the TiSA Facebook page we will place a message with the new timeline and way forward for the study. In addition we will share the link towards the more extended news item on the Trade SIA website.

Twitter Since the summer, Ecorys has set up a new twitter account named @EcorysTrade. The purpose of this account is to make it a more lively consultation tool by using it for all Trade SIAs, instead of having several different twitter accounts with less frequent updates. This will also give the advantage of reaching out to more (potential) stakeholders compared to using a twitter account only for the Trade SIA on TiSA, since also stakeholders interested in other Trade SIAs are now following us.

Via the original twitter account we will inform stakeholders to follow from now on the EcorysTrade twitter account. On the latter we will share the link to the above described news item on the Trade SIA website.

LinkedIn Also on the LinkedIn page, a message will be placed with an update on the study, the way forward and the link to the news item on the Trade SIA website.

Newsletter

A newsletter will be sent to all stakeholders in our Trade SIA TiSA mailing list (this list has gradually expanded in recent months). By means of the newsletter we will inform all stakeholders on the current status of the study as well as the way forward. The new timeline of the online publication of (draft) reports and the Civil Society meetings will be included. In addition, stakeholders will be reminded of the survey and requested to fill in (if they have not done so yet) and to share the link within their industry.

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After distributing the newsletter via our TSIA TiSA mailing list, we will also upload the newsletter on the Trade SIA website and share the link via our social media.

G.1.2 Continuing the consultations

After updating the different consultation tools and informing all stakeholders, all consultation tools will be used as indicated in the inception report. We will shortly summarise them below. A specific moment where we will actively seek inputs and feedback from civil society, using several of the consultation tools below, will be around the publication of the interim report and the final report, where next to general feedback and inputs, we will invite civil society stakeholders to provide comments and feedback on the sector and case study selection and more generally on the content of both reports.

Website

During the inception phase a dedicated website has been developed. On the website one can find inter alia background information, news items, timeline of the study, reports, presentations of meetings, and contact information. In order to keep stakeholders informed on the progress of the TSIA we will more often publish updates as well as other relevant information to the study and the negotiations.

Social media

In addition to the website, updates on the study will be posted via Facebook, twitter and LinkedIn.

Newsletter

Since newsletters are a relative easy way to reach many stakeholders, we aim at sending out news letters more frequent. By means of the newsletter we will inform stakeholders about publications of the (draft) reports, requests for feedback and Civil Society Dialogues.

Email address

The existing email address ([email protected]) will continue to exist as a mean where stakeholders can send their questions or feedback to. The email address will also be used for distributing future newsletters.

Survey

The survey was launched in October 2014 and is open to all stakeholders. By means of the website, social media and the newsletter we will make stakeholders aware of the fact that the survey is still open and request them to fill in and share the survey within their industry.

Civil Society Dialogue meetings in Brussels

As indicated in the inception report, a Civil Society Dialogue will be held in Brussels after the submission of the draft final report. In additional Civil Society Dialogue will take place after submission of the interim report. Stakeholders will be informed about the date and time of these Civil Society Dialogues well in advance. In order to provide sufficient time for stakeholders to prepare for the meeting, (the links to) the report will be shared at least one week prior to the meeting.

Ad hoc consultations

Next to the above consultation activities, we will also organise or engage in some ad hoc consultation activities. Interviews will constitute a key part of these activities, notably for the case studies. In addition, these ad-hoc activities can also include the attendance of conferences or workshops organised by organisations other than DG Trade. The details of the ad hoc consultations will depend among others on the selection of sectors and case studies, and on the feedbacks and inputs received through the other consultation tools (e.g. if we receive little input on a certain topics and the literature is limited, then we will need to make more use of stakeholder consultations).

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G.2. Minutes of the first Civil Society Dialogue

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G.3. Minutes of the second Civil Society Dialogue

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G.4. Minutes of the third Civil Society Dialogue

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G.5. Inputs by e-mail

Organisation Comment/question (summarised) Response (summarised) EPSU Shared a study from Public Services International on

TiSA and its impact on public services. Thanked for sharing the study.

Austrian Federal Chamber of Labour

Request to be included in the stakeholder mailing list . Added to our stakeholder mailing list.

EUA – European University Association

Request to be included in the stakeholder mailing list. Added to our stakeholder mailing list.

ETUCE Indicated that their position is to excluded education and public services from TiSA. Provided suggestions regarding the impact assessment. Asked for details regarding the breakdown of publication in the CGE model.

Thanked for their position and indicated that the study team will take the points mentioned into account in case public services will be selected as a sector for further analysis. Provided details regarding the sector break down.

AK Wien Provided comments on the draft inception report. Provided comments on the TiSA negotiation process

Thanked for the input, we will take it into account.

British Telecom Provided comments on the draft inception report and input for future sector studies

Thanked for the input, we will take it into account.

Digital Europe Request to be included in the stakeholder mailing list. Added to our stakeholders mailing list.

Student Request to be included in the stakeholder mailing list. Asked some questions regarding TiSA and India.

You have been added to the newsletter mailing list. Indicated that the study was not advanced enough yet to provide any details on this.

Le Monde Requested an interview regarding an article on TiSA Asked for availability in August

European Parliament Request to be included in the stakeholder mailing list. Added to our stakeholder mailing list.

European Parliament Requested information about the study and the timeline.

Provided the relevant information.

Austrian Federal Chamber of Labour

Requested information about the timeline. Provided the relevant information.

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Organisation Comment/question (summarised) Response (summarised) Vihreä Lanka/Green Weekly

Requested information about the study and the timeline.

Provided the relevant information.

Abfallwirtschaftsbetrieb München

Provided remarks about the stakeholder survey. Indicated to adjust the survey where possible.

SOMO Requested information about the timeline. Provided the relevant information.

No specific organisation Requested information about the timeline. Provided the relevant information.

Vrijschrift Foundation Provided remarks about the stakeholder survey. Thanked for the input, we will take it into account.

Ministerium für Wirtschaft, Klimaschutz, Energie und Landesplanung Rheinland-Pfalz

Requested information about the timeline. Provided the relevant information.

No specific organisation Requested information about the study. Provided the relevant information.

European Digital Rights Requested information about the timeline. Provided the relevant information.

Verband kommunaler Unternehmen e.V.

Question about the stakeholder survey. Provided the relevant information.

FNV Question about the stakeholder survey. Provided the relevant information.

Partij van de Dieren Request to be included in the stakeholder mailing list. Added to our stakeholder mailing list.

European Digital Rights Provided input to the study and had questions regarding the stakeholder survey.

Thanked for the input, we will take it into account.

Allgreenpr Provided input to the study. Thanked for the input, we will take it into account.

European Digital Rights Requested information about the timeline. Provided the relevant information.

BEUC, The European Consumer Organisation

Asked a question on impact on consumer prices and to provide more recommendations, also with respect to e.g. consumer choice and consumer welfare.

Based on the modelling results, the effects on consumer prices are indeed 0.0. A deeper analysis on consumer impact, including

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Organisation Comment/question (summarised) Response (summarised) recommendations, will be included in the final report (see selection of social case studies).

Point to issue that oral reinsurances of the Commission, or written in communication documents, are not comparable to a legal guarantee secured in a negotiating text. It is important to distinguish what is a certainty and what is not. Provided inputs for sector studies on e-commerce and telecommunications

We agree with this, but can only use evidence that is publicly available at the moment. There will only be certainty after the negotiations are concluded. This is also mentioned in Chapter 1. Thanked for the input, these will be taken into account in the in-depth studies in the final phase.

ECSA Provided comments/input for the water transport services sector study.

Thanked for the input and indicated that we will take this into account when for the in-depth study in the final phase.

Digital Europe Shared its position on TiSA. Thanked for the input and indicated that we will take this input into account for the in-depth study in the final phase.

European Digital Rights Shared relevant publications Thanked for the input and indicated that the input will be taken into account in the in-depth studies in the final phase.

European Public Service Union (EPSU)

Note that they find the EU 'public utilities clause' insufficient to protect public services in Europe, and that other TiSA countries do not have this. Call for a broad exclusion of public services from the scope of TiSA and other FTAs.

We note that we focus on EU impact iwhen assessing social impact. We recognise that regulation is important for public services, but based on the EU position, identify no clear risk that the right to regulate will be reduced as a result of TiSA as compared to the current situation under GATS. We already refer to the EP’s demand for exclusing public services (see 3.3.1).

Request that new elements in TiSA compared to GATS (e.g. ratchet and standstill, negative listing but also new areas such as e-commerce) are assessed.

Specific new elements of TiSA are assessed in Chapter 1, e-commerce will be assessed in the next phase.

Shipyard and maritime equipment association

Shared its position on the importance of trade in services for the sector.

Thanked for the input and indicated that we will take this input into account for the in-depth study in the final phase.

Centre of Economic Policies

Request to be added to the mailing list. Added to the mailing list.

European Water Movement

Provided comments on the EU revised offer of November 2016

Thanked for the input and indicated that we will share this with the European Commission.

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Organisation Comment/question (summarised) Response (summarised) ECSA Provided comments on the draft Final Report – water

transport services sector study. They requested that the modelling outcomes will be removed from the water transports services sector study. The qualitative analysis indicates that they are misleading. ECSA fears that people who read the report will only look at the numbers and not at the full analysis, which will give the wrong picture.

We understand their concern. However the modelling results form the starting point of the analysis and cannot be taken out .

European Digital Rights Provided comments on the draft Final Report (human rights analysis, e-commerce sector study, computer services and telecommunications sector study).

Thanked for the feedback The majority of the commentes have been reflected in the revised Final Report. The few that have not been addressed is for the simple reason that they fall out of the scope of this study.

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G.6. Stakeholder list

Organisation Category of stakeholder (Private Sector and Business Representative Organization / Social/ Environmental / Other

Australia

ANZ Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Australian Council of Trade Unions Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Australian Fair Trade & Investment Network Ltd Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Australian Institute of Architects Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Australian Services Roundtable Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Australian Services Union Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Consult Australia Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Financial Services Council Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

IBM Australia/New Zealand Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Law Council of Australia Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Music Council of Australia Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Australian Conservation Foundation Environmental

Department of Foreign affairs and trade Government

Australian National University College of Law Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Austria

Bundesarbeitskammer Österreich Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Landwirtschaftskammer Österreich Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Österreichischer Rechtsanwaltskammertag Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Wirtschaftskammer Österreich Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Belgium

ARD-Verbindungsbüro Brüssel Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Confédération des Syndicats Chrétiens Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Canada

Canada Export Centre Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Canadian Council for International Business Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

The Canadian Chamber of Commerce Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

The Council of Canadians Social

Canadian Environmental Law Association Environmental

Minister of International Trade Government

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Organisation Category of stakeholder (Private Sector and Business Representative Organization / Social/ Environmental / Other

Centre for Research on Globalization Research Institutes and Think Tanks

The Conference Board of Canada Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Chile

Asociación Chilena de Empresas de Tecnologías de Información A.G.

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Asociación de Bancos e instituciones financieras Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Cámara de Comercio de Santiago Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Cámara Nacional de Comercio, Servicios y Turismo Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Derechos Digitales (NGO) Coordinador de Investigación - Centro de Estudios en Derecho Informático, Universidad de Chile

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Eurochile Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Sociedad Fomento Fabril y Producción Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Software y Servicios Chile GECHS A.G. Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Comité de Inversiones Extranjeras Government

Ministerio de Economía Government

Ministerio de Hacienda Government

Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores- DIRECON - Dirección General de Relaciones Económicas Internacionales

Government

Ministerio de Transportes y Telecomunicaciones Government

Minsterio de Obras Públicas Government

ProChile Government

Subsecretaría de Telecomunicaciones Government

Chinese Taipei

European Chamber of Commerce Taiwan Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Taiwan Coalition of Service Industries Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Office of Trade Negotiation, Ministry of Economic Affairs Government

Chun-Hua Institution for Economic Research Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Commerce Development Research Institute Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Colombia

Asociación Nacional de Empresarios de Colombia - ANDI Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Programa de Transformación Productiva Government

Ministerio de Comercio, Industria y Turismo Government

Costa Rica

Cámara de Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación de Costa Rica

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Japdeva Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Alianza por tus derechos Social

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Organisation Category of stakeholder (Private Sector and Business Representative Organization / Social/ Environmental / Other

CEFEMINA Social

CEJIL Centro para la justicia y el derecho internacional Social

CODEHUCA - Comisión para la Defensa de los Derechos Humanos en Centroamérica

Social

FUNPADEM Fundación para la Paz y la Democracia Social

APREFLOFAS - Preservación de la Flora y la Fauna Environmental

FECON Federacion conservacionista de Costa Rica Environmental

INBIO Instituto de biodiversidad Environmental

MAR VIVA Environmental

Preservplanet Environmental

WWF Costa Rica Environmental

Consejo Nacional de Supervisión del Sistema Financiero (CONASSIF)

Government

Instituto Nacional de Puertos del Pacífico (INCOP) Government

Junta de Administración Portuaria y de Desarrollo Económico de la Vertiente del Pacífico (JAPDEVA)

Government

Ministerio de Obras Públicas y Transportes (MOPT) Government

Ministerio del Ambiente Government

Superintendencia de Pensiones (SUPEN) Government

Superintendencia de Seguros (SUGESE) Government

Superintendencia de Telecomunicaciones (SUTEL) Government

Superintendencia General de Entidades Financieras Government

Superintendencia General de Valores (SUGEVAL) Government

Viceministerio de Telecomunicaciones (RETEL) Government

CATIE - Soluciones para el ambiente y el desarrollo Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Denmark

Danish Chamber of Commerce Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Danmarks Rederiforening Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Danish Trade Union Office Social

EU

Accor Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Acetyls Sector group Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Committee Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

AeroSpace and Defence Industries Association of Europe Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Airports Council International Europe Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Alstom Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

American Chamber of Commerce to the European Union Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Architects' Council of Europe Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

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Organisation Category of stakeholder (Private Sector and Business Representative Organization / Social/ Environmental / Other

Asercom Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Association des Constructeurs Européens d'Automobiles Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Association Européene du commerce de fruits et légumes de l'UE

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Association of European Airlines Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Association of European Heating Industry Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Association of European Public Postal Operators Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Association of leasing and car rental companies Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Association of Professional Wireless Production Technologies Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

ASSUC- European Association of Sugar Traders Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Bio-based Industries Consortium Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

BUSINESSEUROPE Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Cane Sugar Producers of the French Outermost Region La Réunion

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

CECED (European Committee of Domestic Equipment Manufacturers)

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

CECRA Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

CEFIC Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

CELCAA - European Liason Committee for the Agricultural and Agri-Food Trade

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

CEMA - European Agricultural Machinery Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

CEMBUREAU Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

CEN-CENELEC Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Central Europe Energy Partners Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Cerame - Unie Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

CIRFS: European Man-made Fibres Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Comité Européen des Entreprises Vins Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Comité Européen des Fabricants de Sucre Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Comité européen interprofessionnel du thon tropical Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Committee for European Construction Equipment Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Confédération Européenne des Associations de Petites et Moyennes Entreprises

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Confederation of Christian Trade Unions Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Confederation of European Community Cigarette Manufacturers

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

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Organisation Category of stakeholder (Private Sector and Business Representative Organization / Social/ Environmental / Other

Confederation of European Paper Industries Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Confederation of National Associations of Tanners and Dressers of the European Community

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Confederation of National Hotel and Restaurant Associations in the EC and EEA

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Council of European Employers of the Metal, Engineering and Technology-Based Industries

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Digital Europe Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

DIGITALEUROPE Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Direct Selling Europe AISBL Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

EARSC: European Association of Remote Sensing Companies Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Ebay Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

ECCIA Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Ecommerce Europe Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

EFQM Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

ENIAC Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

ENPA European Newspaper Publishers’ Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

EOS Office Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

EPRA Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

ESOA: European Satellite Operators Associations Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

ETRMA-European Tyre & Rubber Manufacturers’ Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

EU-China Link Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Eucomed Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

EUnited Robotics Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

EURALARM Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

EURISY Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Euroalliages Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

EUROCHAMBRES – Association of European Chambers of Commerce and Industry

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

EUROCINEMA (Association de producteurs de cinéma et de télévision)

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

EuroCommerce Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Eurometal Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Eurometaux Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

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Organisation Category of stakeholder (Private Sector and Business Representative Organization / Social/ Environmental / Other

European Aerosol Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Aggregates Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Aluminium Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

EUROPEAN APPAREL AND TEXTILE CONFEDERATION Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Apparel and Textile Organisation EURATEX Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Arts and Entertainment Alliance Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Association of Automotive suppliers Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European association young entrepreneurs of SMEs Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Association for Bioindustries Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Association of Chemical Distributors Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Association of Communications Agencies Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION OF DAIRY TRADE Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Association of Fashion retailers Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Association of Internet Services Providers Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Association of Mining Industries Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Association of Mutual Guarantee Societies Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Association of Remote Sensing Companies Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Association of the Machine Tool Industries Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European association of young entrepreneurs Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Audiovisual Anti-Piracy Alliance Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Banking Federation Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Biodiesel Board Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Bioplastics e.V. Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Branded Clothing Alliance Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Brands Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Broadcasting Union - Union Européenne de Radio-Télévision AISBL

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Builders Confederation Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Business Press (EBP) Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

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Organisation Category of stakeholder (Private Sector and Business Representative Organization / Social/ Environmental / Other

European Business Services Round Table Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Chemical Industry Council Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Cocoa Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Committee for Standardization Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Committee of Environmental Technology Suppliers Association

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Community Shipowner's Associations Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Competitive Telecommunications Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Concrete Paving Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Confederation of Iron and Steel Industries Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Confederation of Junior Enterprises Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Construction Industry Federation Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Consumer Consultative Group (ECCG) Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Control Manufacturers Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Coordination of Independent Producers Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Crop Protection Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Dairy Association aisbl Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Demolition Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Diisocyanate and Polyol Producers Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European DIY Retail Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Electronic Component Manufacturers Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Express Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Family Businesses Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Federation for Construction Chemicals Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Federation for Farm and Village Tourism EuroGites Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Federation of Accountants and Auditors for small and medium-sized enterprises

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Federation of Biotechnology Section of Applied Biocatalysis

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Federation of Cleaning Industries Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Federation of Engineering Consultancy Associations Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

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Organisation Category of stakeholder (Private Sector and Business Representative Organization / Social/ Environmental / Other

European Federation of Foundation Contractors Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Federation of National Associations of Water and Waste Water Services

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Federation of the Footwear Industry Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Federation of woodworking industries Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Franchise Federation Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Furniture Industries Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Furniture Industries Confederation Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Furniture Manufacturers Federation Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Generic medicines Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Industrial Gases Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Industrial Minerals Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Logistics Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Magazine Media Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Organisation for Security Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Photonics Industry Consortium Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Plastics Convertor Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Power Tool Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Producers Union of Renewable Ethanol Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Property Federation Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Retail Round Table Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Round Table of Industrialists Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Satellite Operator's Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

EUROPEAN SERVICES FORUM Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Services Strategy Unit (funded) Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Ships and Maritime Equipment Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Skippers Organisation Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Small Business Alliance Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Telecommunications Network Operators' Association

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

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Organisation Category of stakeholder (Private Sector and Business Representative Organization / Social/ Environmental / Other

European Telecommunications Standards Institute Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Textile Collectivities Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Textile Service Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European trade union federation for services and communication

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Travel & Tourism Action Group Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Travel Agents’ and Tour Operators’ Associations Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Travel Commission Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

European Union of Wholesale with Eggs, Egg Products, Poultry and Game

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

EUROPIA - European Petroleum Industry Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Eurospace - Trade association of the European space industry

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Family Business Network International Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Fédération Internationale des Grossistes Importateurs et personal loans Exportateurs en Fournitures Automobiles

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Fédération Internationale du Recyclage Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Federation of European Publishers Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Federation of European Rice Millers Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Federation of the European Sporting Goods Industry Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

FEDUSTRIA Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Female Europeans of Medium and Small Enterprises - FEM Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Fertilizers Europe Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

FEVE (European Container Glass Federation) Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

FoodDrinkEurope Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

FoodServiceEurope Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Freshfel Europe - the forum for the European fresh fruits and vegetables chain

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

FTI Consulting Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Galileo Services Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

GIRP - European Association of Pharmaceutical Full-time wholesalers

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Glass Alliance Europe Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

ICMP (International Confederation of Music Publishers) Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

IFIEC Europe Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

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Organisation Category of stakeholder (Private Sector and Business Representative Organization / Social/ Environmental / Other

IMA Europe - Industrial Minerals Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Imaging & Printing Europe Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

IMPALA Association Internationale AISBL Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Independent Retail Europe Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Industrial Ethanol Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Insurance Europe Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Intergraf Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

International Association for Soaps, Detergents and Maintenance Products

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

International Association of Users of Artificial and Synthetic Filament Yarns and of Natural Silk

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

International Confederation of European Beet Growers Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

International Federation of Film Distributors' Associations Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

International Federation of Film Producers Associations Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

International Federation of Reproduction Rights Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Les CCI ALPMED ASBL Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Lighting Europe Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

MARCOGAZ Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Media Deals Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Nanofutures Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

OFE Limited Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Online Publishers Association Europe Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

ORGALIME Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Organisation of the European Aluminium Recycling Industry Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Plastics Recylers Europe Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Primary Food Processors Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

PROFEL - European Association of Fruit and Vegetable Processors

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Representing the European Petroleum Industry Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Seldia - The European Direct Selling Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

SME4Space Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Society of Audiovisual Authors Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

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Organisation Category of stakeholder (Private Sector and Business Representative Organization / Social/ Environmental / Other

spiritsEUROPE Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

TechAmerica Europe Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

The European Federation for Furniture Retailers Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

The European region of the International Co-operative Alliance

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

The International Federation of Inspection Agencies Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

TIA Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Toys Industries of Europe Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

UEAPME aisbl European Association of Craft, Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

UNIFE -The European Rail Industry Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Union Européenne des Promoteurs-Constructeurs Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Union Européenne du Commerce du Bétail et des Métiers de la Viande

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Young Entrepreneurs for Europe Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

APRODEV Social

Austrian Federal Chamber of Labour – Brussels Office Social

Bureau Européen des Unions de Consommateurs Social

CECODHAS - Housing Europe - European federation of public, cooperative and social housing

Social

CEEP - European Centre of Employers and Enterprises providing Public Services

Social

Commons Network Social

EPSU European Federation of Public Service Unions Social

ETF European Transport Workers’ Federation Social

Euro Coop - European Community of Consumer Cooperatives Social

Eurocadres Social

European Association for the Co-ordination of Consumer Representation in Standardisation

Social

European Association of Electrical Contractors Social

European Chemical Employers Group Social

European Confederation of Executives and Managerial Staff Social

European Confederation of Police Social

European Council of Civil Engineers Social

European Digital Rights Social

European Economic and Social Committee (EESC) Social

European Federation for Industry and Manufacturing workers Social

European Federation of Building and Woodworkers Social

European Federation of Food, Agriculture and Tourism Trade Unions

Social

European Federation of Journalists Social

European Privacy Association ASBL Social

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Organisation Category of stakeholder (Private Sector and Business Representative Organization / Social/ Environmental / Other

European Public Health Alliance Social

European Quality Association for Recycling Social

European Social Insurance Platform (ESIP) Social

European Telecommunications Network Operators' Association (ETNO)

Social

European Trade Union Committee for Education (ETUCE) Social

European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC) Social

European Trade Union Institute (ETUI) Social

Finance Watch Social

Health and Trade Network Social

Human Rights Watch Social

Human Society International (HIS) Social

International Trade Union Confederation (ETUC) Social

Maison du Peuple d’Europe Social

Oxfam International Social

Platform of European Social NGOs Social

The European Consumer Organisation Social

Transatlantic Consumer Dialogue Social

Bellona Europa Environmental

CCAP-EU Environmental

Centre for international environmental law (CIEl) Environmental

Client Earth Environmental

Environmental Policy Programme Environment Division United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

Environmental

Eurogroup for Animals Environmental

European Alliance of Companies for Energy Efficiency in Buildings

Environmental

European Alliance to Save Energy (EU-ASE) Environmental

European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy Environmental

European Environmental Bureau Environmental

European Federation of Clean Air and Environmental Protection Associations

Environmental

European Renewable Energy Council Environmental

European Society for Biomaterials Environmental

European Technology Platform for Sustainable Chemistry Environmental

European Water Association Environmental

European Water Movement Environmental

Fédération Européenne des Activités de la Dépollution et de l’Environnement

Environmental

Friends of the Earth Europe Environmental

Greenpeace Environmental

HELIO International Environmental

International Fund for Animal Welfare Environmental

International Network for Sustainable Energy Environmental

Megtec Environmental Environmental

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Organisation Category of stakeholder (Private Sector and Business Representative Organization / Social/ Environmental / Other

Transport and Environment (European Federation for Transport and Environment)

Environmental

WWF European Policy Programme Environmental

European Parliament Government

European Patent Office Government

EESC's Follow-up Committee on International Trade Government

INTA - EU Parliament Government

Trade Committee - Council of the European Parliament Government

Trade Policy Committee - Chair Government

Beryllium Science & Technology Association Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Central European Institute of Technology Research Institutes and Think Tanks

EMIRAcle European Manufacturing and Innovation Research Association

Research Institutes and Think Tanks

ERPC European Research Programme Consulting GmbH Research Institutes and Think Tanks

EUA – European University Association Research Institutes and Think Tanks

EUMAT - European Technology Platform for Advanced Engineering Materials and Technologies (p/a KMM-VIN AISBL)

Research Institutes and Think Tanks

European Association of Research and Technology Organisations

Research Institutes and Think Tanks

European Centre for International Political Economy Research Institutes and Think Tanks

European Policy Centre Research Institutes and Think Tanks

European Regions Research and Innovation Network Research Institutes and Think Tanks

FTP - Forest-based Sector Technology Platform Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Greenovate! Europe EEIG Research Institutes and Think Tanks

NEL Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Quaker Council for European Affairs Research Institutes and Think Tanks

SOMO Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Synesis / Kilometro Rosso Research Institutes and Think Tanks

EP - DG External Policies Other

Finland

Maa- ja metsätaloustuottajain Keskusliitto – Central Union of Agricultural Producers and Forest Owners

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

France

Association de l'Aviculture Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

ASSOCIATION DES AMIDONNIERS ET FECULIERS Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Association Française de la Gestion financière Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

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Organisation Category of stakeholder (Private Sector and Business Representative Organization / Social/ Environmental / Other

Délégation des Barreaux de France Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

EUROPEAN FEDERATION OF THE COTTON AND ALLIED TEXTILES INDUSTRIES

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Fédération Française des Sociétés d'Assurances Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

GROUPE PAC 2013 Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

MEDEF Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Société des auteurs et compositeurs dramatiques Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Germany

Bundesverband der Deutschen Industrie e.V. Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Deutscher Sparkassen-und Giroverband Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Gesamtverband der Deutschen Versicherungswirtschaft e.V. Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Handelsverband Deutschland - Der Einzelhandel Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Verband der Chemischen Industrie e.V. Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Verband der Elektrotechnik Elektronik Informationstechnik Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Verband Kommunaler Unternehmen e.V. Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Verbraucherzentrale Bundesverband Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Zentralverband Elektrotechnik- und Elektronikindustrie e.V. Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Bundesärtzekammer Social

MINISTERIUM FÜR WIRTSCHAFT, KLIMASCHUTZ, ENERGIE UND LANDESPLANUNG, RHEINLAND-PFALZ

Government

Heinrich Böll Stiftung e.V. Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Hong Kong

European Chamber of Commerce Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

General Chamber of Commerce Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Hong Kong Trade Development Council Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

The Better Hong Kong Foundation Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Carbon Care Environmental

Trade and Industry Department, Hong Kong Government Government

Bauhinia Foundation Research Center Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Civic Exchange Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Iceland

Confederation of Icelandic Employers Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

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Organisation Category of stakeholder (Private Sector and Business Representative Organization / Social/ Environmental / Other

Federation of Trade and Services Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Iceland Chamber of Commerce Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Icelandic Confederation of Labour Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

The Federation of Icelandic Industries Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Ministry of Foreign Affairs Government

Institute of Economic Studies, University of Iceland Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Institute of International Affairs, University of Iceland Research Institutes and Think Tanks

School of Business, University of Reykjavik Research Institutes and Think Tanks

International

IFPI Representing recording industry worldwide Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

International Federation of Actors Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

International Federation of Reproduction Rights Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

International Fur Trade Federation Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

International Trademark Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

International Video Federation Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Eastern and Southern Africa Small-scale Farmer’s Forum (ESAFF)

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

ACP Civil Society Forum Social

Alianza Social Continental (ASC) Social

Amnesty International Social

Asian Peasant Coalition (APC) Social

Association for Women's Rights in Development (AWID) Social

Committee for the Cancellation of the Third World Debt (CADTM)

Social

Consumer International Social

Coordinadora Latinoamericana de Trabajadores de los Servicios Públicos (CLATSEP)

Social

Development Alternatives with Women for a New Era (DAWN)

Social

Dignity International Social

Education International (EI) Social

Health Action Partnership International Social

Human Rights Watch Social

IBON International Social

Indigenous Peoples Movement for Self Determination and Liberation (IPMSDL)

Social

IndustriALL Global Union Social

International Presentation Association Social

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Organisation Category of stakeholder (Private Sector and Business Representative Organization / Social/ Environmental / Other

International Union of Food, Agricultural, Hotel, Restaurant, Catering, Tobacco and Allied Workers' Associations (IUF)

Social

La Internacional de Servicios Publicos Americas- ISP Americas

Social

Latin American Confederation of Cooperatives and Mutual Societies (COLACOT)

Social

LDC Watch Social

Marcha Mundial de las Mujeres Internacional Social

Mesa de Coordinación Latinoamericana de Comercio Justo-RIPESS LAC (región América Latina)

Social

Oxfam solidarité Social

Pacific Network on Globalisation (PANG) Social

Pax Romana ICMICA Asia Social

Plataforma Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, Democracia y Desarrollo (PIDHDD)

Social

Public Services International (PSI) Social

Public Services International (PSI) - Central America, Mexico and Dominican Republic

Social

South Asia Alliance for Poverty Eradication (SAAPE) Social

Southern and Eastern African Trade, Information and Negotiations Institute ( SEATINI)

Social

Transnational Institute Social

UNI Europa Social

UNI Global Union Social

World Society for the Protection of Animals Environmental

Asia Pacific Research Network (APRN) Research Institutes and Think Tanks

WIDE+ Other

Israel

Israeli Association of Electronics & Software Industries Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Tel Aviv & Central Israel Chamber of Commerce Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Association for Civil Rights in Israel (ACRI) Social

The Peace Cycle Social

Foreign Trade Administration Government

Italy

Confederazione Generale dell'Industria Italiana Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Confederazione Italiana Agricoltori Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Fairwatch (funded) Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Fondazione Giacomo Brodolini Social

Japan

European Business Council (EBC) Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Global Witness Environmental

Kiko Network Environmental

WWF Environmental

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Organisation Category of stakeholder (Private Sector and Business Representative Organization / Social/ Environmental / Other

Financial Services Agency (FSA) Government

Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) Government

Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communication (MIC) Government

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT)

Government

Korea

Korea Export Insurance Corporation (KEIC) Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Korea International Trade Association (KITA) Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

KOTRA - Korea Trade and Investment Promotion Agency Government

Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy Government

Liechtenstein

Liechtenstein Chamber of Commerce and Industry (LCCI) Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Ministry of Economic Affairs Government

Mexico

Asociación de Industriales del Estado de México A.C. Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Asociación Mexicana de Estándares para el Comercio Electrónico

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Asociación Mexicana de Instituciones de Seguros Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Asociación Mexicana de Profesionales en Informática Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Asociación Mexicana para la Protección de la Propiedad Intelectual A.C.

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Cámara de Comercio Servicio y Turismo en Pequeño de la Ciudad de México

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Cámara Internacional de Comercio Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Cámara Nacional de Comercio de CD. de México Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Cámara Nacional de la Industria Electrónica, de Telecomunicaciones y Tecnología de la Información

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Cámara Nacional de la Industria de Radio y Televisión Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Confederación de Cámaras Industriales de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Consejo Coordinador Empresarial Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Consejo Empresarial Mexicano de Comercio Exterior, Inversión y Tecnología

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Consejo Mexicano de Asuntos Internacionales Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Fundación del Empresariado en México, A.C. Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Observatorio de la Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo en México

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Telefonica Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Unión Social de Empresarios de México Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Agencia Mexicana de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo

Government

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Organisation Category of stakeholder (Private Sector and Business Representative Organization / Social/ Environmental / Other

Banco Nacional de Comercio Exterior Government

Comisión de Comercio y Fomento Industrial Government

Comisión de Relaciones Exteriores Europa Government

Comisión Federal de Competencia Económica Government

Instituto Mexicano de Propiedad Industrial Government

Programa de Competitividad e Innovación México-UE Government

PROMEXICO Government

Secretaría de Desarrollo Económico Government

Secretaría de Economía Government

Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores Government

Asociación Mexicana de Estudios Internacionales Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Centro de Estudios Económicos del Sector Privado Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Instituto Mexicano para la Competitividad, Asociación Civil. Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México Research Institutes and Think Tanks

New Zealand

BusinessNZ Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

NZ Council of Trade Unions Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

NZ International Business Forum Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Saunders Unsworth, Government Relations Consultants Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Council for International Development Social

Oxfam New Zealand Social

ECO – Environment and Conservation Organisations Aoteoroa New Zealand

Environmental

Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade Government

It's Our Future NZ Research Institutes and Think Tanks

The Sustainability Council of New Zealand Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Norway

Confederation of Norwegian Industries Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Intsok Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Norwegian Shipowners' Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Virke Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Norwegian Church Aid Social

Ministry of Foreign Affairs Government

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Organisation Category of stakeholder (Private Sector and Business Representative Organization / Social/ Environmental / Other

FAFO Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Pakistan

All Pakistan Cement Manufacturers Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

All Pakistan Textiles Mills Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Federation of Chambers of Commerce and Industry Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

ICMAP (Institute of Cost and Management Accountants of Pakistan)

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Karachi Port Trust Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Overseas Investors Chamber of Commerce Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Pakistan Automotive Manufacturers Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Pakistan Automotive Parts and Accessories Manufacturers Association (PAPAM)

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Pakistan Banks Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Pakistan Business Council Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Pakistan Leather Manufacturers and Exporters Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Pakistan Ready-made Garments Manufacturers and Exporters Association

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Pakistan Software Export Board(PSEB) Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Pakistan Software Houses Association for IT & ITES Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Pakistan Tanners Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Pakistan Telecommunication Company Ltd. Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Travel Agents Association of Pakistan (TAAP) Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Human Rights Commission of Pakistan Social

Ministry of Commerce Government

Pakistan Trade Development Authority Government

State Bank of Pakistan Government

Panama

Asociación Bancaria de Panamá Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Asociación de Corredores de Bienes Raíces-ACOBIR Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Asociación Panameña de Hoteles Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Cámara de Comercio, Industrias y Agricultura de Panamá Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Centro Nacional de Competitividad Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Sindicato de Industriales de Panamá Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Unión Nacional de Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

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Organisation Category of stakeholder (Private Sector and Business Representative Organization / Social/ Environmental / Other

Alianza Ciudadana Pro Justicia Social

Fundación Libertad Ciudadana Social

FUNDALCOM Social

MIDA Government

Ministerio de Comercio e Industrias Government

PROINVEX Government

Paraguay

Camara Nacional de Comercio y Servicios de Paraguay Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Red de Inversiones y Exportasiones Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Ministerio de Industria y Comercio Government

Peru

A2G Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

AVINA Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

CIMA Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Instituto Interamericano de Cooperación para la Agricultura Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Libélula Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Swisscontact Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Traffic International Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

WeltHungerHilfe / PlanCC Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Perú Environmental Investigation Agency Environmental

Sociedad Peruana de Derecho Ambiental- SPDA Environmental

The Nature Conservancy Environmental

WWF Environmental

Agencia Española de Cooperación Government

Congreso de la República Government

Embajada de Alemania Government

Embajada de Austria Government

Embajada de España Government

Embajada de Finlandia Government

Embajada de Polonia Government

Embajada de República Checa Government

Embajada Suiza Government

Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores Government

Ministerio de Ambiente Government

Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores Government

Facultad de Ciencias Sociales- PUCP Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Universidad Antonio Ruiz de Montoya Research Institutes and Think Tanks

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Organisation Category of stakeholder (Private Sector and Business Representative Organization / Social/ Environmental / Other

Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Other

PNUD Other

Spain

Entidad de Gestión de Derechos de los Productores Audiovisuales

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Centro de Estudios Internacionales Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Sweden

Brussels Office of the Swedish Trade Unions Social

LO - The Swedish Trade Union Confederation Social

Switzerland

GTSA Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

State Secretariat for Economic Affairs Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

The Chambers of Commerce and Industry of Switzerland (CCIS)

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Information Platform humanrights.ch Social

The Netherlands

Consumentenbond Social

Koepel van de Vlaamse Noord-Zuidbeweging - 11.11.11 Social

Stichting Health Action International Social

Turkey

KARİD - Courier, Cargo and Logistics Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

TESK - Confederation of Turkish Tradesmen and Craftsmen Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

TOBB - The Union of Chambers and Commodity Exchanges of Turkey

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

TURSAB - Association of Turkish Travel Agencies Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

TÜSİAD - Turkish Industry and Business Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

TÜSKON - Turkish Confederation of Businessmen and Industrialists

Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

IDH - Human Rights Association Social

Ministry of Economy Government

Ministry of EU Affairs Government

Under-Secretariat for Treasury Government

Bilkent University (Ankara) Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Economic Policy Research Foundation Policy Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Marmara University (Istanbul) Research Institutes and Think Tanks

UK

Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

British Medical Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

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Organisation Category of stakeholder (Private Sector and Business Representative Organization / Social/ Environmental / Other

Confederation of British Industry Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Compassion in World Farming Environmental

British Agriculture Bureau Government

USA

American Automotive Policy Council Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

American Business forum on Europe Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

American Council of Consumer Interests Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

American European Business Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

American Farm Bureau Federation Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Business Roundtable Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Coalition of Services Industries Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Consumer Federation of America Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Emergency Committee for America Trade Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Financial Services Forum Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

National Association of Manufacturers Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

National Council of Textile Organizations Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

National Foreign Trade Council Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

National Retail Federation Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

PhRma Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

Southern United States Trade Association Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

US Chamber of Commerce Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

US Council for International Business Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

AFL CIO Social

Citizens Trade Campaign Social

Food & Water Europe Social

National Consumers League Social

Public Citizen Social

Environmental Defense Fund Environmental

TUSIAD Government

Department of Commerce Government

Atlantic council Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Centre for European Policy Analysis Research Institutes and Think Tanks

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Organisation Category of stakeholder (Private Sector and Business Representative Organization / Social/ Environmental / Other

Centre for Transatlantic Relations Research Institutes and Think Tanks

German Marshall Fund of the United States Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Harvard Business School Research Institutes and Think Tanks

Business Coalition for Transatlantic Trade Private Sector and Business Representative Organizations

WWF Environmental Atlantic Council Research Institutes and Think

Tanks Atlantic-Community.org Research Institutes and Think

Tanks Trans-Atlantic Business Council Research Institutes and Think

Tanks

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doi: 10.2781/453983

NG

-01-17-479-EN-N