traffic control at works on roads field guide

Public Works, Ports and Inland Water Transport

Department

Traffic Control at Works on Roads Field Guide

Edition One - 2013

Foreword

This Traffic Control at Road Works Field Guide has been developed to assist PWP&IWTD engineers and others to improve road safety at road work sites on the roads and highways of this State. The Field Guide reflects knowledge and experience in this field of that has been gathered from around the world. It emphasises:

Using the Four Zone concept when designing and checking Traffic Control Plans (TCP’s).

Strict attention to the safety of your road workers as well as the road users.

Some local examples - to emphasise common road safety issues at road work sites in this State and to give practical safety tips to help you to make the sites safer.

Safety at works on roads is important for everybody. This Field Guide provides clear and “easy-to-use” guidelines for use by engineers, designers, contractors, consultants and others engaged in the provision of traffic control at works on roads in Karnataka. It is to be your focal point for the development of improved safety at road work sites in Karnataka. I commend this guide to those with a responsibility for road safety and management in Karnataka. It is an essential tool for safer roads in our State. I thank Mr. Phillip Jordan, Road Safety Expert and Dr. Robert Smith, Team Leader for the assignment representing VicRoads, Melbourne, Australia for their efforts in the preparation of this guide. Other field guides cover Road Safety Audit, Road Safety Review and Blackspot Investigations.

Mr H.S. Prakash Kumar Project Director PIU, KSHIP

Table of Contents

Part A ELEMENTS OF SAFE ROAD WORK SITES

1. Need for safe traffic control 2. Responsibilities 3. Types of road works 4. General road safety issues to be complied with by Contractors 5. General road safety requirements for signage and delineation

of road works sites 6. Delineation of work sites 7. Setting out and recovery of signs/devices

Part B TRAFFIC CONTROL PLANS

1. What is a traffic control plan? 2. Requirements of a traffic control plan 3. The zone concept

Part C KEY STEPS IN DEVELOPING A TRAFFIC CONTROL PLAN

1. Traffic Control Plans 2. The steps in preparing a Traffic Control Plan

Part D SETTING OUT DIAGRAMS


Page 1 Prevention is better than cure

PART A - ELEMENTS OF SAFE ROAD WORK SITES

1. NEED FOR SAFE TRAFFIC CONTROL

Road work site traffic management is an important but often neglected part of road construction and maintenance throughout India.

Research has shown that the risk of a serious crash is three times higher in a work site than on any other section of road. There is a need for Contractors to ensure that all care is taken to safe guard their workers and the road users in each work site. There is also a need for Consultants to understand the serious nature of road safety at road work sites and to ensure that, through their close supervision, the Contractors are encouraged to provide safe roads.

The safe management of road work sites is an important responsibility of a road authority. Until now, a road work site has often been characterised as a place with “hidden surprises”, uneven road surfaces, few warning signs and little guidance for the road users. Most work sites have provided little safety for the workers as they toil to construct the new road.

It is time to improve this situation. Road safety at road work sites can be improved at little cost. It takes dedication to safety and the knowledge about what to do. The objectives of safe and effective worksite traffic management are to:

- Provide a safe working environment for workers on the site;

- Warn approaching road users and pedestrians of road works;

- Guide the road users through, past or around the road worksite safely;

- Provide minimum inconvenience for the travelling public;

- Provide minimum inconvenience to work at the road work site.

Road safety engineers can improve safety at road work sites – by putting themselves into the shoes of the road user and by empathising with their needs. An experienced road safety engineer will always ask the question – what will the road user make of this?

He /she will then take steps to provide a work site that is clearly signed, with strong delineation and clear speed restrictions. Engineers can save lives and prevent injuries. A road safety engineer can use the advice contained in this Field Guide to influence the design, construction, maintenance and operation of safer road work sites.



2. RESPONSIBILITIES

Employers have a responsibility to create a safe working environment for their employees. Employers also have a responsibility for the safety of any other person moving through or around work areas under their control. Employers must therefore ensure the proper training of supervisors and workers, as well as the provision of equipment, protective clothing and resources for the performance of their work in a manner that is safe and that minimizes risks. Employers and their workers also have responsibilities towards the safety of the public and to avoid damage to private property.

Supervisors shall:

- Be aware of their responsibility to provide safe and convenient travelling conditions for the public, safe working conditions for personnel and machinery under their control.

- Ensure that personnel involved in signing and traffic control are aware of what is needed and of their responsibilities.

- Inform other road stakeholders in particular local Traffic Police.

- Inform the road users. For long term work, information about the period of the road work must be installed properly, so the road users can anticipate the effect of road works such as congestion and precaution of the hazards.

- Establish the position of Safety Officer to care for all occupational health and safety as well as road safety matters during the road work. This is mandatory for long term road work projects.

- Be familiar with the provisions of this Field Guide and act accordingly.

Workers shall:

- Take responsibility for their own safety by looking out for risks.

- Take care of the safety of other personnel and visitors to the worksite.

- Wear protective clothing provided for their safety

- Engage only in work practices that do not put themselves or any other person at risk.

- Follow the lawful instructions of the employer in carrying out the requirements of this manual.



3. TYPES OF ROAD WORKS

Road works are divided into three main categories: - Long term works (longer than one day) - Stationary short term works - Mobile short term works

Each of these must be suitably signed in accordance with good signage principles, which means that they must give drivers/riders adequate advanced warning of changes to normal traffic conditions and ensure that vehicles pass safely through the road works.

4. GENERAL ROAD SAFETY ISSUES TO BE COMPLIED WITH BY CONTRACTORS

Regardless of the size of the project, and how long the road works are expected to last, high standards of safety and traffic control are to be applied. This means that attention shall be paid to a number of important safety considerations:

All workers and engineers on site shall wear a high visibility vest. For work after dark, the vest should be fitted with reflective strips.

The road shall be kept clear of sand, gravel. The road shall be swept (by hand or machine) at regular intervals – especially to assist with motorcycle safety.

All dangerous objects such as concrete blocks, sticks, steel posts, tree branches, and incorrectly installed concrete barriers are to be removed from the road and the “clear zone”. These objects must NOT be used for delineation or traffic control in road work sites.

No machinery, gravel /sand, materials or vehicles are to be left inside the “clear zone” of the road.

5. GENERAL ROAD SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR SIGNAGE AND DELINEATION OF ROAD WORKS SITES

Signs and delineators are used to warn, inform, guide and control drivers/ riders through the road work site. The signs to be used at road work zones in Karnataka must comply with Indian standards. The typical regulatory signs (those that are enforceable by Police) and the typical warning signs that may be necessary for your work zone are shown in the figures below.



Every sign is to have a clean and reflective sign face; they are to have the standard shape and size. Warning signs used at road work zones in Karnataka have a yellow background. This is to alert drivers/riders to the fact that there are new or special conditions ahead due to road works, and alerting them to take extra care.

You should give careful attention to the type of sign used, its condition (reflective, clean, and undamaged) and its location according to the TCP. If a sign is damaged or non-reflective it is to be replaced immediately. Road signs are the most important devices at most of your road works. They should be used consistently and correctly at all work zones. For more advice on the 6 C’s of good sign practice sees “Safety Tips for Audit Teams – Signs and Markings” in the Road Safety Audit Field Guide.

The Contractor shall:

Ensure that all signs satisfy the 6 C’s of good signage (see below).

Place signs correctly and safety. All signs shall be placed at least 1m clear of traffic paths.

Ensure that all signs are within drivers/riders line of sight – not blocked by trees, grass, works vehicles, machinery or other obstructions.

Not allow any sign to obscure a driver’s/rider’s view of another sign.

Always check to be sure that signs cannot divert traffic into wrong or dangerous paths.

Check the correctness of each sign at least once every day.

Never cause drivers/riders to break the law. Ensure that traffic diversions do not force drivers/riders to cross double lines, or to disobey any regulatory sign. When the work is finished for the day – cover (or remove) those signs that are not needed.

Make sure signs do not restrict sight distance for drivers entering from side roads or streets, or private driveways.

Ensure they do not direct traffic into an undesirable path.

Always consider the safe speed limit. When work is finished for the day/week consider returning it to the normal speed limit provided the road is back to its normal condition, it is free of sand/gravel, and there are no workers around.



REQUIREMENT SIGN REQUIREMENT CONTRACTOR TO ENSURE

Conspicuous Each sign shall be able to be readily seen

That all signs can be seen by approaching drivers/riders

Clear Each sign shall be clear – easy to read

All signs are kept in good, clean condition

Comprehensible Each sign shall be easy to understand (not confusing)

All signs used comply with Indian Roads Congress standards (where these exist) or other reasonable national standards where local standards do not exist.

Credible Each sign shall be reasonable for the situation

No sign shall be used that does not show a credible (believable) message.

Consistent

The same type of sign shall be used for the same situation – everywhere across the State

Use standard signs at all road work sites so the driver/rider can understand quickly what the message is.

Correct

The sign shall be the correct sign for that situation – there are some warning signs that appear the same but have quite different meanings.

That only correct signs are used. Near enough is not good enough. Do not use “any” sign if the correct one is missing. Rather, get a correct one and install it.

THE SIX C’s OF GOOD ROAD SIGNS

TYPE WHAT THIS TYPE DOES EXAMPLES

Regulatory signs

These signs regulate drivers/riders. They must be obeyed – Police enforce these signs.

Speed restriction No Overtaking No Turns Stop, Give Way Keep/Move Left/ Right

Warning signs

These signs provide warnings to drivers/riders about possible hazards (threats) ahead.

Road works ahead Lane Drop Ahead Diversion Ahead

Guide signs

These signs provide information and guidance to drivers/riders to reduce their chance of getting lost or taking the wrong path.

Delineators Traffic cones Chevron alignment markers

THE THREE TYPES OF SIGNS TO BE USED AT ROAD WORKS



6. DELINEATION OF WORK SITES

All signs and delineators shall be maintained in good, clean condition.

All signs and delineators that are used at night shall be reflective with at least Engineer grade reflective faces in clean, undamaged condition.

The work site shall be clearly delineated with reflective devices including soft plastic bollards, guide posts, hazard markers and other approved devices. Dangerous items (such as concrete blocks, tree branches, individual concrete barricades) shall not be used for delineation or traffic control at the work site.

Use fluorescent traffic cones – at least 450mm high – to delineate the traffic path into, through and out of the work site. Always place the cones in smooth lines so that they look like the edge of a traffic path. Be ready to replace any cones that are knocked out of line.

Use long tapers. Remember that drivers/riders need longer tapers than you think. Details of the delineators and their locations (distance in advance of the site) are provided in diagrams later in this Field Guide.

No alterative paths for road users shall be allowed. Any other possible optional route is to be closed off with strong delineation.

7. SETTING OUT AND RECOVERY OF SIGNS/DEVICES

Before any road work commences, all the necessary road work signs and devices are to be set out in accordance with the approved traffic control plan (TCP). They should be placed in the following sequence:

First – place the advance warning and regulatory signs, starting with the signs that are the greatest distance away from the work zone. Work inwards towards the work zone.

Second – place the signs in advance of the transition zone and/or the start of the work area.

Third – install all delineating devices required for the taper and the delineation of the work zone.

Fourthly – place all other necessary warning and regulatory signs including termination and end of temporary speed zone signs.

Once the work is finished, remove the signs and delineators in the reverse order to the above.



REGULATORY SIGNS



WARNING SIGNS



PART B - TRAFFIC CONTROL PLANS (TCP’s)

1. WHAT IS A TRAFFIC CONTROL PLAN?

A Traffic Control Plan (TCP) is a drawing (or series of drawings) showing the traffic control devices proposed for use at a work site together with a list (or schedule) of the programming of the works – stating the days and times the work site will operate. It is prepared by the Contractor and requires approval by the Consultant before it can be implemented.

Usually drawn at 1:500 or 1:1000 scale, a TCP shows all signs and markings to be used, together with a specification for each. Each TCP should include details of the requirements to manage traffic through the worksite outside normal working hours (i.e. when workers are not present at the site). This may include the removal or covering of any signs that are not applicable at those times, particularly temporary worksite speed limits. In developing the TCP, the Contractor is required to consider the staging (sequence) of the road works, and also what is to be done in each stage. This is good for a number of reasons. It helps the Contractor to be clear about the staging and the resources needed. It also causes the Contractor to think carefully about what will happen to the traffic. For example:

Will lanes be narrowed?

Will a lane be closed?

Will there be shared lane – with necessary traffic control?

Will there be a median cross over?

Will there be a detour?

Will there be a temporary diversion/by-pass?

Will there be intermittent closures?

Will there be use of the shoulders (or median) by traffic?

The answers to these questions will determine the details of the traffic control plan for each stage of the road works.

2. REQUIREMENTS OF A TRAFFIC CONTROL PLAN

Contractors shall allow at least 10 days for the Consultant to receive, read and review the TCP. In this time the Consultant shall assess the TCP and may meet with the Contractor to discuss any part of the TCP. Only when the plan is approved by the Consultant may the works commence.



At least 2 days prior to the work commencing the Consultant and the Contractor shall meet on site to determine the exact location of all signs and delineators for the first stage of the work.

3. THE ZONE CONCEPT

The “Zone Concept” is a method of breaking a work site down into four separate zones according to the purpose of each. It follows the path of the road users as they approach, pass through and depart from a work site.

The four (4) zones are detailed in the following table. Every TCP shall show clearly that these four zones have each been considered during the design of the TCP, and that signs, delineators and other safety devices have been planned around these four zones.

Zone Purpose of this zone

Advanced warning zone

To alert drivers/ riders of the road works ahead, and to instruct them how to safely proceed (the signs advise of speed restrictions, lane closures, narrow road etc)

Transition zone (Used only where there is a

need to direct traffic into another lane).

To guide drivers/riders into the correct alignment in which they should remain in order to pass safely through the work zone. If the work is not causing any change to the traffic path this zone is not necessary.

Work zone (This zone is the length of

the works – it can range from a few metres up to a several

kilometres)

To control drivers/riders through the area where the work is taking place at a speed and in a lane that is safe for them and which is also safe for the road workers.

Termination zone

To inform drivers/riders that they are now past the work zone, to inform them of the new speed limit that applies on the road ahead, to thank them for driving carefully through the works, and to remind them to always drive/ride safely.

THE FOUR ZONES IN THE “ZONE CONCEPT”



DIAGRAMMATIC REPRESENTATION OF THE FOUR ZONES AT A ROAD WORK SITE

The length of each zone depends on the approach speed of vehicles. Tables giving the minimum lengths for the advanced warning zone and the transition

zone for a variety of approach speeds are given below.

The Advanced Warning Zone

The function of the advance warning zone is to give advance warning to drivers/riders of a road work site ahead. Drivers/riders need to be able to see the warning signs, understand the conditions ahead and know what is expected of them.

The need for the display of advance warning signs/devices depends on factors such as the speed of approaching traffic, the amount of diversion required in the travel path (which will take place in the Transition zone), and the sight distance available to the work site. A common failing is to place warning signs only a few metres in advance of the works site. This is inadequate and unsafe. The signs must be located well in advance of the works site so that drivers/riders are given adequate time to recognise the work site and to take necessary action to diverge (if necessary) and to slow down.

All speed reduction at a work site is implemented within the advanced warning

zone.

FIGURE 1.1 - ROAD WORKSITE ZONE, TYPICAL COMPONENTS

Advance Warning ZoneTransition Guidance

(Taper) Zone

Work Zone:

(Including safety buffer zone) Termination Zone



APPROACH

SPEED KM/H

DESIRED SPEED AT END OF ZONE

STOP 20 30 40

50 75 60 45 30

60 100 90 75 60

70 160 150 140 120

80 225 200 190 170

RECOMMENDED LENGTHS FOR ADVANCED WARNING ZONES

The Transition (Taper) Zone

The transition (or taper) zone is the length of road where drivers are directed out of their normal path of travel. If there is no diversion needed at a work site, this zone is not necessary. In such cases, the advanced warning zone leads straight into the work zone. The amount of taper to be provided depends on the width of road that needs to be closed. The taper that guides drivers to the new travel path clear of the worksite is provided within the transition zone.

Desirably the full length of the taper should be visible to the approaching motorists. There are two common types of tapers – one where the lane moves across without any merging and one where the lane must merge with the lane beside it.

A Lateral Shift (or diverge) Taper shifts a line of traffic sideways when it does not need to merge with another line of traffic travelling in the same direction.

A Merge Taper shifts a lane of traffic sideways where the traffic must join in with another line of traffic travelling in the same direction. A merge taper requires a longer distance because drivers are required to combine two lanes of traffic into one lane of traffic.



Approach Speed

(km/h) Diverge Taper (m) Merge Taper (m)

Less than 45 50 80

46-55 50 100

55-65 60 120

65-75 70 140

75-85 80 160

85-95 90 180

Above 95 100 200

RECOMMENDED LENGTHS FOR TRANSITION (TAPER) ZONES

NOTE: The Transition zone lengths are based on:

width of lane to be closed—3.5 m;

lateral shift taper length—equivalent to 1.0 m/s lateral shift;

merge taper length—equivalent to 0.6 m/s lateral shift; and

speed of traffic—mid-point of each tabulated range.

The Work Zone

This is the area where the work is being done. It is where the workers are located and where any most of the machinery is likely to be. It includes the work site plus a small surrounding area (often called a “safety zone”) that should be kept clear of moving traffic and roadside hazards. The “safety zone” offers a final degree of safety for the workers at the site. Vehicle speeds must be controlled past the work site to reduce the risk that a vehicle will inadvertently enter the work area. If excavations more than 1m deep are within the clear zone for the road, suitably safe barrier should be used to shield the work site both day and night.

The Termination Zone

The termination zone is the area where traffic resumes normal operation after passing the work zone. Signs that would be located in this area may include End Roadwork, End Detour, or end speed limit as applicable. It is important to advise the road users that they have reached the end of the work zone and that they may return to their normal driving conditions and route.



Works hidden around curves Where a work site is located around a curve, you should extend one or more of the zones towards on-coming traffic until drivers/riders can clearly see the correct path for them to take. Usually this is best done by ensuring the advanced warning zone is located on a straight section of road with good visibilty. If a lateral shift is needed the transition zone can then be extended as necessary to lead into the work zone. Setting out diagrams for typical road work situations for Karnataka are provided in Part D of this Field Guide. You should use those diagrams to ensure that the correct signs are placed at the correct distance out from the work site.



SOME CASE STUDIES FROM ROAD WORK ZONES SHOWING TYPICAL SAFETY CONCERNS

The advanced warning zone is meant to give clear information about the works ahead. These signs are not clear, and they are too close to the work site. There is also a need to begin to control speeds at this point but no speed restriction signs are given.

This speed limit sign is easy to read in daylight but it is not reflective for night time use. In addition, it does not give any additional information to drivers/riders about why a reduced speed limit applies here. As a general guide, 40km/h is the most appropriate speed limit for use through road works.

The barricades and steel supports are not conspicuous after dark. They should have a continuous “wall” of high visibility plastic cones in front of them to define the vehicle path.



Rocks are not to be used to delineate a road work site or to prevent use of a new surface. Rocks present a hazard to drivers/riders – especially after dark. Only plastic cones are to be used for this purpose.

The excavation is inside the clear zone (3m in this case measured from the edge of the nearest lane) and it is extremely hazardous if any vehicle leaves the road here. However, the sign should be reflective (for night time) and there is a need for stronger delineation along the side of the road to guide drivers/riders. Cones are needed every 5m maximum.

This pair of barricades does little to assist safety at the work site. They are in the middle of a carriageway and could be struck at night. The barricades should be used with others to clearly define a path through the work site. Isolated barricades or signs (especially heavy steel ones such as this) are a danger to road users particularly at night.

All road workers – regardless of whether they are engaged in short term or long term work – are to wear reflective safety vests at all times while working on the roads. Reflective safety vests are the last safety measure to help workers to avoid conflicts with motor vehicles.



PART C - KEY STEPS IN DEVELOPING YOUR TRAFFIC CONTROL

PLAN

1. TRAFFIC CONTROL PLANS

A Traffic Control Plan (TCP) is a plan that shows clearly all of the signs, barriers, barricades and other devices that are to be installed and maintained at your work site for the duration of the works. If the work has a number of stages, there should be a TCP for each stage.

When preparing your Traffic Control Plan you should consider the following: - The arrangement of traffic control devices for each stage of work. - The safety of the workers at the work site and of the public passing

through the work site. - The number and placement of traffic controllers for each stage of

work. - Provision for very large vehicles. - Provision for pedestrians, bicyclists and the disabled. - Potential for traffic to queue into conflict areas (e.g. across an

adjacent railway crossing). - Provision for access to abutting properties. - Duration/ times for conducting the works (e.g. day or night

operation). - Traffic management arrangements at the worksite outside normal

working hours or when workers are not present at the site. - Arrangements to address and monitor the risk of end-of-queue

collisions due to a build-up of traffic at worksites. - Emergency contact details.

Your TCP should be prepared by a person who is suitably experienced in traffic management. Each TCP should include details of the requirement to manage traffic through the work site outside normal working hours (i.e. when workers are not present at the site). This will include the removal/ covering of all signs that are not applicable outside normal working hours, particularly temporary work site speed limits.



2. THE STEPS IN PREPARING A TRAFFIC CONTROL PLAN

Step 1: Consider the risks at your work site

Risks may include:

- Poor advance sight distance to the work site. - High speed traffic or a high volume of traffic through the work site. - Narrow pavement with no escape route.

- Workers too close to the passing traffic.

- Presence of unshielded hazards.

- Excavations adjacent to traffic.

- Rough, dusty or unsealed road surface (due to the road works).

- Loose material on the road surface.

- Works vehicles entering / leaving worksite.

- Bicyclists / pedestrians through worksite.

Step 2: Consider potential risk control measures

Think about how these risks may be eliminated.

By Risk Elimination - can the hazard/risk be eliminated?

- Divert the traffic away from the worksite? Install a sidetrack?

- Close the road for the duration of the works?

By Engineering Controls - what engineering measures or protective

devices can be implemented to control the risk?

- Safety barriers? - Lane closures? - Portable traffic signals? - Increased clearance to the worksite?

By Traffic Regulatory Controls - what can be done to adjust driver/rider

behaviour through the work site?

- Speed restrictions? - Signage? - Traffic cones and bollards? - Traffic Controllers? - Delineation of the travel path? - Variable Message Signs (VMS)?



Step 3: Decide the risk controls to be implemented

Having considered the risk factors, determine the risk controls to be applied, in consultation with those who will be working on the worksite or supervising the works. In general, the controls implemented are likely to be a combination of the following.

- Lane closures and traffic diversions. - Speed reduction for traffic travelling through the worksite. - Warning signs. - High visibility clothing for all workers. - Use of safety barriers. - Various other measures to guide road users safely through the work site.

Step 4: Determine, design and implement the Traffic Control Plan

An experienced engineer will take the decisions from the first three steps and then design a TCP for each and every stage of the road work. The TCP is to show all the signs and devices to be installed, as well as the location for each. The TCP (once approved by the Consultant) is then used by the Contractor to ensure that the correct signs and devices are installed exactly where needed for safety.

Step 5: Review the Effectiveness of your TCP

Immediately your traffic control plan is implemented, a review should be undertaken to ensure that it will operate as expected. This review should take place before work commences on site. If changes are found necessary – these should be made straight away. Issues may include signs that are located behind trees or obscured by structures, or a need to extend a taper because of horizontal or vertical geometry on site.

Step 6: Carry out the Road Work

Further surveillance is to be conducted on a regular basis while the road works continue. Surveillance should check all of the signs and devices on the TCP. If signs are damaged, or if bollards are knocked over, these need to be recorded and rectified as a priority. Written records (dates/times/findings/engineers involved) should be made and kept if required for future reference.



The surveillance should be conducted both at day-time and at night-time. It

should look at the traffic management from the road users’ point of view.

The surveillance officers put themselves in “the shoes of the road users” and

look for safety concerns – signs that are missing, signs that are wrong, tapers

that are too short and items that are hazardous.

A road safety audit should be carried out whenever the road works advance from one stage to the next or whenever there are major changes to the traffic control plan. Items to consider in a road safety audit of a road work site include:

- Traffic volume and approach speed – higher speeds and higher volumes generally increase the risk at a site.

- Road geometry – will this reduce sight distance, and increase the risk of “surprises”.

- Pavement swept clean of sand/gravel – critical for motorcyclists and small vehicles.

- Sign placement – are all the signs located according to the “Zone Concept”.

- Do all the signs satisfy the 6 C’s of good signage? - Conflicting signs and markings – remove any of these. - Travel path – is it clear where all drivers/riders are to travel? - Delineation - Lane widths - Barriers – are they needed? If so, is it correctly and safely installed? - Roadside hazards – have these been removed or shielded? - Worker safety – have workers been trained in worksite safety and are they

all wearing high visibility vests? - Have pedestrians’ needs through/around the site been considered? - Construction entry and exit points. - Detour signing.



KEY POINTS FOR A SAFER ROADWORK SITE

As the engineer responsible for a road work site, remember to act

on the following key points:

Always prepare a Traffic Control Plan (TCP).

Use the “zone concept” to guide you.

For larger projects, have your TCP audited by an independent team.

Have sufficient signs, cones and barriers to fully install your TCP.

Make sure each zone is long enough to perform correctly. Use the

tables in Part B of this Field Guide to ensure the lengths are

adequate.

Work with local Traffic Police to keep speeds low through the work

site.

Train your road workers in safety methods. Have them all wear

reflective safety vests.

Inspect your work site every day – repair or replace any missing or

damaged sign or device.

Keep construction machinery and materials out of the clear zone.

Never allow concrete blocks/branches/rocks to be used for

delineation.

Sweep the road regularly.

Always put yourself into “the shoes of the road user.” Ask yourself -

what will they make of my work?

Finally – record any crashes in your work site. Learn from these – can

improvements be made?



PART D - SETTING OUT DIAGRAMS

The following diagrams show typical setting out details for common road work situations in Karnataka. They have been prepared to assist you to make your road work sites as safe as practical for the road users and the workers.

Figure 1



Figure 2



Figure 3



Figure 4



Figure 5



Figure 6



Figure 7



Figure 8



Figure 9

traffic control at works on roads field guide

Documents