Trajectory Analyses for the Kunming Measurements

Qiujun Fan 范秋君 , IAP (with Jianchun Bian)

Leigh Munchak, NCAR (with Laura Pan)

Kenneth BowmanTexas A&M University

Large-Scale Conditions of the Kunming Campaign (Aug 2009)

Objectives of This Study

• Identify origins and transport pathways of the air mass that contributes to the KunMing Measurements – Inside vs. outside the anticyclone– Convective influence in the UT – tropics vs.

Tibetan plateau

• Performance of the trajectory model in this type of study - How well the convective influence is represented in the analyses winds

Model and Analyses

• Trajectory Model used: TRAJ3D (Bowman, 1993)– Kinematic using 3D winds

• Meteorological Analyses used: NCEP GFS/FNL– 1x1 degree Lat/Lon, 26 pressure levels 1000 - 1

hPa, 6 hourly

• Limitations– No vertical velocity field above the 100 hPa level in

the data

1 10 100 1000 10000 100000W ater vapor M ixing Ratio (ppm v)

10

100

1000

Pre

ssur

e (h

Pa)

O zone M ixing Ratio (ppbv) 10 100 1000 10000

-60 -30 0Tem perature (C )

0 100 200O zone (ppbv)

100

1000

Pre

ssur

e (h

Pa)

-40 0 40 80 120R Hi (% )

50

500

Case1 Deep Conv. in Typhoon @ Large-Scale Transp.

Low O3 & H2O at 100 mbStrong shear below and abovePositive correlation between O3 and RHi

1 10 100 1000 10000 100000W ater vapor M ixing R atio (ppm v)

10

100

1000

Pre

ss

ure

(h

Pa

)

0.1 1.0 10.0O zone M ixing Ra tio (ppm v)

1 10 100 1000W ater vapor M ix ing Ratio (ppm v)

0.1

1.0

Oz

on

e M

ixin

g R

ati

o (

pp

mv

)

14:11:00 20090808

Case 1

1 10 100 1000 10000 100000W ater vapo r M ix ing R atio (ppm v)

10

100

1000

Pre

ssur

e (h

Pa)

0 .1 1.0 10.0O zone M ix ing R atio (ppm v)

1 10 100 1000W ater vapor M ix ing R atio (ppm v)

0.1

1.0

Ozo

ne M

ixin

g R

atio

(ppm

v)

14 :11:00 20090808

0 100 200Ozone (ppbv)

100

1000

Pre

ssur

e (h

Pa)

-40 0 40 80 120RH i (% )

50

500

1 10 100 1000 10000 100000W ater vapor M ixing R atio (ppm v)

10

100

1000

Pre

ssur

e (h

Pa)

O zone M ixing R atio (ppbv) 10 100 1000 10000

-60 -30 0Tem perature (C )

0 50 100 150Rela tive H um idity (% )

10

100

1000

Pre

ssur

e (h

Pa)

14 :02 :05 20090807

R S80

C FH over liqu id

C FH over ice

Case 2 Extra-Tropical Stratospheric Intrusion

Thick dry and high-O3 layer in mid-troposphere

Case 0807

1 10 100 1000 10000 100000W ater vapor M ixing R atio (ppm v)

10

100

1000

Pre

ss

ure

(h

Pa

)

0 .1 1 .0 10.0O zone M ixing R atio (ppm v)

1 10 100 1000W ater vapor M ixing R atio (ppm v)

0 .1

1 .0

Oz

on

e M

ixin

g R

ati

o (

pp

mv

)

14:02 :05 20090807

0 50 100 150Re lative Hum id ity (% )

10

100

1000

Pre

ssur

e (h

Pa)

14 :02:05 20090807

R S 80

C FH ove r liqu id

C FH ove r ice

1 10 100 1000 10000 100000W ater vapor M ixing Ratio (ppm v)

10

100

1000

Pre

ssur

e (h

Pa)

0 .1 1.0 10.0O zone M ixing R atio (ppm v)

1 10 100 1000W ater vapor M ixing R atio (ppm v)

0 .1

1 .0

Ozo

ne M

ixin

g R

atio

(ppm

v)

14 :02:05 20090807

Case 2

0 50 100 150R ela tive H um idity (% )

10

100

1000

Pre

ssur

e (h

Pa)

19 :04 :09 20090810

RS80

CFH over liquid

CFH over ice

0 100 200R H i (% )

100

1000

Pre

ssur

e (h

Pa)

0 .00 0.04 0.08 0.12O zone M ixing R atio (ppm v)

Case 3 Super-Saturation with Multiple or Thick Layers

1 10 100 1000 10000 100000W ater vapor M ixing Ratio (ppm v)

10

100

1000

Pre

ss

ure

(h

Pa

)

0.1 1.0 10.0O zone M ixing R atio (ppm v)

1 1 0 100 1000W ater vapor M ixing R atio (ppm v)

0.1

1.0

Oz

on

e M

ixin

g R

ati

o (

pp

mv

)

19:04:09 20090 810

1 10 100 1000 10000 100000W ater vapo r M ixing Ratio (ppm v)

10

100

1000

Pre

ssur

e (h

Pa)

0 .1 1.0 10.0O zone M ixing R atio (ppm v)

1 10 100 1000W ater vapor M ixing Ra tio (ppm v)

0.1

1.0

Ozo

ne M

ixin

g R

atio

(ppm

v)

19 :04:09 20090810

0 50 100 150R ela tive H um id ity (% )

10

100

1000

Pre

ssur

e (h

Pa)

19 :04:09 20090810

R S80

C FH over liqu id

C FH over iceCase 3

Summary and Conclusions

• Air mass contributes to the KunMing Measurements – from both inside and outside of the anticyclone

• Convective influence in the UT – tropical storm/Typhoon had significant influence to the layer near the cold point

• Performance of the trajectory model – consistent with key observational features of the soundings – more work will follow up