Trans-Confessional Movements and

Christian Renewal

Definitions: Revival

Revival is:1. A sovereign work of the Holy Spirit among God’s people, the Church.

2. Usually preceded or accompanied by passionate corporate intercessory prayer.

3. Often accompanied by a deep conviction of sin, repentance, restitution.

4. Often followed by a manifestation of God’s presence and power, a subsequent joy, and a spirit of worship.

5. Fruitful in a deepening or resurgence of Christian life and witness.

Revival is not:1. Of human origin, though prayer contributes to the Spirit’s outpouring.

2. Organized by Christians who obey a set of principles, though in the Second Awakening this appeared to be valid.

3. A series of evangelistic meetings.

Definitions: Awakening

An Awakening: 1. Is a wider movement of the Holy Spirit that often begins with the

revival of a group of Christians but then impacts nominal and backsliding Christians.

2. Stimulates a deep concern about the relationship with God of many who were previously careless about sin and ungodliness.

3. Usually causes many to seek God, attend places of worship and increases church membership.

4. Generates new structures and visions and result in new networks and movements to spread the Gospel.

5. Results in a large increase in people volunteering for Christian work and a surge in the sending out of missionaries to the ends of the earth.

Definitions: People Movement

A People Movement: 1. Is often the result of revival in the cultures of the missionaries who

first bring the message of the Gospel to a people without a knowledge of the Bible or the Gospel.

2. Is a turning to Christ of many of a specific people group or population which had previously had little or no contact with the Gospel.

3. Is a work of the Holy Spirit within a specific culture that not only makes the Gospel relevant within that culture, but also changes that culture to conform more to biblical standards.

4. Should be followed with careful discipling, leadership development and Scripture translation.

The Six Major AwakeningsNo. Main Areas Dates Main Impact Cause of Decline

1st Germany,

UK, USA

1728-1790 Moravian missions

Methodist revival

Deism, revolutions

2nd UK, USA

Scandinavia

1791-1812 Modern missions movement Wars

3rd USA 1813-1859 Mass evangelism

Social uplift

Social upheavals

4th North America

North Europe

1860-1899 Surge in church growth and missions

Liberal theology

5th Wales, USA

Many lands

1900-1914 Pentecostal growth World wars

6th Africa, Asia, Latin America

1964-

Evangelical resurgence Charismatic renewal

Evangelical Awakenings

18th-19th Centuries

Herrnhut

Greenland

MoravianPioneermissions

England

Volga, Russia

India

South Africa

Native Americans

Jamaica

St Thomas

Suriname

Labrador

1732

1742

1733

1752

1738

1736

1754

1738

1764

1768

1st 1728-

1790

Awakenings:

Evangelical Awakenings

18th-19th Centuries

Herrnhut

MoravianPioneer

missions1st 1728

-1790

Methodist revivalWhitfield and Wesleys 1738+

Awakenings:

Evangelical Awakenings

18th-19th Centuries

Herrnhut

1st 1728-

1790

Awakenings:2nd 1790

-1812

NorwaySweden

UKNova Scotia

USA

Evangelical Awakenings 18th-19th Centuries

1st 1728-

1790

Awakenings:2nd 1790

-1812

NorwaySweden

UK

USA

S. India

Madagascar

3rd 1813-

1859

Khasi Hills

South Africa

Finland

Switzerland

Fiji

Samoa

Tahiti

Tonga

Pacific Islands

East Indies

Evangelical Awakenings 18th-19th Centuries

1st 1728-

1790

Awakenings:2nd 1790

-1812

NorwaySweden

UKCanada

USA

S. India

Madagascar

3rd 1813-

1859

Khasi Hills

South AfricaChile

4th 1860-

1899

Australia

New Zealand

Burma

South Brazil

Batak, Nias, Sumatra

Japan

Java

Armenians

Finland

Persecution

Ukraine

Germany

Evangelical Awakenings 20th Century

1. The Welsh Revival and its global influence – shown by red lines 2. The Welsh connection with the Pentecostal outpouring in USA and

elsewhere was less direct, but valid – shown by green lines

S Africa

1900-

1914

S Brazil

Modern Pentecostalism

Punjab

S. India

Maha-rashtra

Madagascar

BatakNias

Australia

JapanKoreaChina

Manchuria

SE Nigeria

Côte d’Ivoire

Chile

Argentina

Scandinavia

NE IndiaJamaica

Welsh

Evangelical Awakenings 20th Century

1. Evangelicalism in the West was marginalized and in retreat.2. There continued to be revivals and people movements around the world, the

most significant being the East African Revival, the USA, Korea, Brazil and China (before the persecutions of Communism).

1900-

19141914

-1964

E AfricaBrazil

Madagascar

KoreaChina

Ethiopia

USA

Argentina

Cuba

MexicoToraja

E. Malaysia

Lewis

Congo

E. AngliaUlster

NE Scotland

Garo

PNG

Evangelical Awakenings 20th Century

1. Evangelical resurgence after 1964.2. A massive awakening affecting mainly Latin America, Asia and Africa.

1900-

19141914

-1964

Nepal

Brazil Bengkulu

S.Korea

China

Ethiopia

USA

Argentina

Jesuspeople

Guatemala

Java

Philippines

Nigeria

S.Sudan

IranKabyle,Algeria

Romania

Kwasizabantu,S. Africa

Papua

1964–

AymaraBolivia

Colombia

Quechua,Peru

Prairies,Canada

NewZealand

1980+

1990s

1976

1988

1994

19951967

1967

Pensacola

Toronto

Cuba

1980s

1990s

1970s

1960s

1995

1980

1980

1984

1982

1965

1989

1966

1980s

Solomon Is.1970

W.Timor1965

-1965

1988+

1965

1965

19862003

1960s

1980+

1960s1970s1980s1990s

by Various

Evangelical Awakenings & Persecution

20th Century by Communistsby Muslimsby Hindus

1. Many Awakenings have been accompanied or followed by persecution.2. The persecutors have mainly been Communists and Muslims.

1900-

19141914

-1964

1964–

Persecution

NepalS.Korea

China

Ethiopia

Java

Nigeria

S.Sudan

IranKabyle,Algeria

Romania

1947-2010

1960-2010

1980-2010

1945-90

1975-90

1900-01

1980-2010

1910-1953

1990-2010

1980-2008

N.Korea1910-2010

Afrikaners

Madagascar1905

1984-2010

Congo1964

Uganda1971-79

Kenya1952-60

Christian Renewal

1. Will the present momentum be maintained?

2. Are the leaders of today preparing leaders for the next generation?

3. Will there be a continued passion for God’s glory and fulfilment of

the Great Commission?

4. How can we communicate a positive message of God’s present

working, and expectant hope for the soon fulfilment of the Great

Commission?

Conclusion