transenergy - transboundary geothermal energy resources of...
TRANSCRIPT
TRANSENERGY - Transboundary Geothermal Energy Resources of Slovenia, Austria, Hungary and Slovakia
Geographical -geological setting
Launch event, May 27, 2010, Geologische Bundesanstalt, Neulinggasse 38, 1030 Wien
Radovan Černák, Balazs KronomeGeological Institute of Dionyz Stur, Bratislava, Slovakia
• Basic overview of the geographical and geological set-up of the area
• Brief description of the geotectonic evolution
• Simplified overview on the geological, lithological content of the geothermal structures
Introduction
Geographical setup Mountain ranges
Basins and planes
Alps
Transdanubian range
Carpathians
Vienna basin
Danube basin
Styria basin
Mura - Zala basin
The Transenergy region - diverse landscape
Geological setup
Paleozoic and older complexes – granitoides, metamorfic rocks,sedimentary formations
Mesozoic rocks – limestones, dolomites, conglomerates, claystones
Paleogene sediments – sandstones, conglomerates, claystones
Neogene sediments – sandstones,conglomerates, claystones
Neogene volcanic rocks
Quaternary sediments
Geological map of Europe 1: 10 million
Project -OneGeology
Colors represent geological formation
Colors – diverse geological environment –complicated geological structure and origin
Mesozoic sedimentation mainly in sea environment (250 Ma to 65 Ma)
Sedimentation on pre-Mesozoic basement (crystalline rocks, paleozoic units)
Sedimentation - couple of 100s of meters - limestones, dolomites, conglomerates and claystones
Alps and Carpathians have similar lithological content, because of sedimentation in the same environment
Result orogenesis, creating fold and nappe stucture
Nappe stacking – repetition of the similar sequenses on top of each other
Note: these Mesozoic nappe structures are important for the later geothermal structures
During Cretaceous convergence and S-N : pressure and closing of the basins sedimentation
Change in sedimentation (start of new „era“)
Geological evolution of Alps and Carpathians very similar in pre-Mesozoic and Mesozoic era
Geotectonic evolution of the area
Horváth et al. 2004
Geotectonic evolution of the area
ALCAPA (the easternmost part of the Alpine system) plate escapes to the area of Silesian-Moldavian basin
Complicated by collision and rotation of the micro plates (Alcapa and Tisza-Dacia)
Starting from Miocene (cca 20 Ma) the tectonic of the Alps and Carpathians starts different story
Horváth et al. 2004
Complicated evolution more processes of different nature happen in the same time:- subduction on the margins (progressing eastward)- volcanism (progressing eastward) – strongly connected to subduction- in the hinterland opening of the basins – thinning of the crust (mantle upwelling)
Geotectonic evolution of the area
– lithospheric plate becoming thinner resulting in higher heat flow
– creation of the basins
Important for geothermal structures
– presence of the fault lines and fault zones
Depth of the pre-neogene basement
Recent tectonic picture shows - elevated areas (mountains) - subsided areas (basins)
Depth of the Pre-tertiary basement
Vienna Basin Geological map with the surface geological formations
Vienna BasinSlovak part
Pull apart type of the basin
Pre tertiary basement:Mesozoic carbonates Central West Carpathians
and Northern Calcareous AlpsPaleogene flysch – sandstones/claystonesNeogene fill – sandstones, conglomerates, claystones
Kováč, 2000
Kováč, 2000
Vienna BasinAustrian part
Danube Basin
Pannonian lake sedimentsMiocene sea sediments Triassic carbonates (limestones, dolomites)
Older paleozoic complexesCrystalline basement
Danube Basin
Pretertiary basement –paleozoic krystaline rocks, Mesozoic carbontes
Quaternary fill – sands gravel
Neogene –sandstones, vulcanoclastics,conglomerates,claystones
Juhász, 1994
Kováč, 2000
Komarno - Sturovo area
Neogene sediments
Mesozoic sediments
Neogene vulcanic formations
Komarno - Sturovo area
Geological built of the area --Slovak part – Palegene and Neogene fill of the basin-On the Crystralline and Mesozoic basement
Mesozoic carbonates
-Hungarian part - Mesozoic structures outcroping on the surface in mountains Gerecse and Pilis-on the top Palegene and Neogene sediments- Neogene vulcanic rocks present
Paleogene sediments
Neogene sediments
Crystralline basement
Important – circulation of geothermal water in mesozoic carbonates
Cretatious sediments
Pre-tertiary basementStyria Basin
Upper Austroalpinenappes
Neogene sediments – breccias, gravels, sands
Styria Basin andMura Zala Basin
Styrian Basin
Neogene sediments –marl, clays, sands, conglomerate
Ljutomer Budafa tectonic half -trench
Neogene sediments –clays, sands, gravel intercalations
Radgona –Vas tectonic half-trench
Mezozoic carbonates
Conclusion
The area of investigation in TRANSENERGY region is, from geological point of view, very complicated.
Though we have good information to have an idea about the geological history and built of the area.
Need for harmonizing of geological information.
Work to be done and outputs
• Make an inventory of existing works – geological maps on national, international level, interpreted geological cross sections, relevant publications and reports;
• Unify terminology, lithostratigraphical units, geological and tectonic interpretations;
• Create geological maps, cross sections;
• Create simplified geological models of the structures, that will show the basic geometry of the geothermal systems.