Transforma)ons  in  Interac)on

Yavuz  Paksoy  

Introduc)on

• How  do  we  interact  with  compu8ng  technology  as  we  move  towards  2020?  •  Effects  on  human  values  in  the  face  of  change  • People  will  always  wish  to  be  part  of  families,  to  stay  connected  with  friends,  to  educate  their  children,  to  care  for  each  other  when  they  are  not  well,  and  to  get  older  safely  and  comfortably.    •  Technology  is  mediator  for  all  of  these  things  rather  than  the  focus.  Then  developments  in  compu8ng  are  not  prior  issues  among  concerns  of  people.  

The  End  of  Interface  Stability

• prolifera8on  of  ways  in  which  we  encounter  digital  technology  •  explosive  diversifica8on  in  the  nature  of  these  devices  •  set  of  interconnected  digital  devices  •  embedded  within  us  •  built  into  our  surrounding  environment  

• no8on  of  an  interface  is  no  longer  easily  defined,  stable  or  fixed.  

The  End  of  Interface  Stability  The  shi9ing  boundary  between  computers  and  humans •  The  boundary  between  us  and  machines  and  the  extent  which  it  is  visible  to  us  is  not  clear  • Moving  the  boundary  closer  to  us  

•  In8mate  •  Embedded  

• What  defines  an  individual,  and  whether  embedded  devices  are  part  of  that  defini8on?  •  In8mate  devices  can  be  networked  and  therefore  can  interact  with  other  people  and  other  devices  •  Causes  shiKs  in  what  we  perceive  as  personal  space,  and  what  is  shared.  No  recognizable  interface.  

•  Independence?  •  Managing  and  controlling  dissolving  boundary  

The  End  of  Interface  Stability  The  shi9ing  boundary  between  computers  and  the  everyday  world •  boundary  between  computa8onal  technology  and  the  objects  and  surfaces  in  the  everyday  world  is  changing  •  furniture,  rooms,  cars,  doors,  clothing,  packaging  

•  interac8on  between  digital  technologies  and  the  physical  objects  they  are  embedded  in  •  familiar  objects  but  less  clear  •  most  natural,  efficient  and  socially  accepted  means  of  controlling  such  interac8ons  should  be  inves8gated  

•  rela8onships  between  digital  devices  and  the  world  •  Take  into  considera8on:  The  world  we  inhabit  and  the  products  we  use  in  our  world  are  associated  with  a  variety  of  personal,  social  and  cultural  values.  •  A  church,  a  museum,  a  railway  sta8on  or  a  stadium  

The  End  of  Interface  Stability  Living  in  a  computa)onal  ecosystem •  Computers  work  together  oKen  independently  of  human  involvement.  •  Can  be  beneficial  or  harmful  •  More  difficult  to  understand  how  they  work  •  Banking  systems  allow  us  to  use  credit  cards  everywhere.  Unexpected  effects?  

•  Increasing  levels  of  complexity  affects  our  sense  of  safety  and  security  •  Surprise  and  unpredictability  is  not  welcomed  in  most  cases.  •  Should  be  in  a  form  people  can  make  sense  of  and  act  upon  •  Make  the  workings  of  the  ecosystems  more  visible  and  understandable  for  people  who  are  part  of  it  

•  ability  to  rapidly  spread  informa8on  (or  disinforma8on)  globally  requires  new  forms  of  legisla8on.  

The  Growth  of  Techno-­‐Dependency • Most  of  us  find  it  both  unusual  and  inconvenient  to  have  to  visit  a  bank  and  interact  with  a  human  teller  instead  of  ATM  in  order  to  withdraw  money  •  Typewriter  instead  of  a  computer?  •  only  to  think  about  them  when  they  are  unavailable  

• Our  dependency  on  computer  technologies  will  increase  

The  Growth  of  Techno-­‐Dependency  Living  in  an  increasingly    technology-­‐reliant  world

•  Each  new  genera8on  takes  for  granted  a  new  set  of  technologies  in  addi8on  to  the  older  ones  they  have  become  dependent  on.  •  Internet,  instant  availability,  mobile  phone,  TV  on  demand  •  what  happens  when  the  Internet  or  electricity  goes  offline?  Are  we  addicted?  What  people  already  know  and  what  they  will  expect?  

•  Are  mental  arithme8c  skills  disappearing  (along  with  others)?  •  The  more  we  depend  on  technologies  to  carry  out  or  mediate  our  everyday  ac8vi8es  the  more  we  will  need  to  trust  them  to  do  so.  •  What  about  our  natural  curiosity?  •  Loss  of  independence/self  reliance?  •  Lack  of  understanding  about  how  the  world  works    •  less  rewarding  world  to  live  in  

The  Growth  of  Techno-­‐Dependency  Living  with  increasingly  clever  computers

•  computer  systems  become  more  sophis8cated  and  independent  •  make  choices  and  decisions  without  human  interven8on  •  give  guidance  on  what  we  might  like  to  do  or  buy,  clean  our  floors  

•  how  we  should  live  with  them,  what  our  rela8onships  should  be?  

•  Giving  commands  or  more  human-­‐human  conversa8ons?  •  kinds  of  tasks  we  feel  happy  to  let  clever  computers  do?  •  Let  children  to  go  school  with  driverless  car?  •  Companions  for  elderly?  •  Computers  are  not  confined  to  ma_ers  of  criminality  like  children.  Is  it  going  to  change?  

The  Growth  of  Hyper-­‐Connec)vity  Living  in  a  more  socially  connected  world

• We  connect  more  with  people  over  grater  distances  and  8me  periods,  wherever  we  are  and  build  new  forms  of  rela8onships  •  socially  accepted  conven8ons  and  e8que_e  in  new  rela8onships?  (Mailing  professor  in  slang  language?)  

•  isola8on  in  a  crowd  with  mobile  phones  • What  about  having  8me  for  independence?  •  Being  members  of  online  communi8es  that  span  the  globe,  and  the  no8on  of  neighborhood  

• Boundaries  between  the  office  and  home,  and  between  work  and  play  are  dissolving  

The  Growth  of  Hyper-­‐Connec)vity  Being  part  of  a  digital  crowd

• we  an8cipate  receiving  no8fica8on  of  world  events  immediately  •  our  ac8ons  and  ac8vi8es  have  global  influence    •  can  be  used  for  organizing  protests,  taking  mass  ac8on,  behind  a  cause  

•  can  be  used  to  stalk  celebri8es,  spread  misinforma8on,  and  provoke  civil  unrest  

•  The  values  of  community  and  shared  iden8ty  lie  at  the  core  of  a  sense  of  the  digital  crowd  •  What  about  shared  digital  means?  •  voice  of  the  digital  crowd  reflects  a  real  reac8on  or  overreac8on.  

The  End  of  the  Ephemeral  Managing  expanding  digital  footprints

•  started  to  challenge  the  prevailing  views  of  privacy  and  ethics.  •  protec8on  rights  we  desire  over  our  own  and  other’s  personal  data  

•  new  forms  of  authen8ca8on,  personal  iden8fica8on  • Memories  tend  to  fade  over  8me  and  change  through  interpreta8on.  •  Digital  records  are  more  sta8c,  tending  to  persist  in  a  stable  form.  

•  According  to  many  systems,  the  more  data  we  capture  the  be_er.  They  are  merciless  about  forgebng  memories.  

•  Humans  are  selec8ve  in  what  they  remember  •  What  do  you  think  the  control  over  our  digital  records  will  be  in  future?  

The  End  of  the  Ephemeral  Living  in  an  increasingly  monitored  world

•  Governments,  ins8tu8ons  have  more  access  to  both  real  8me  and  archived  data  of  our  ac8vi8es  •  CCTV  cameras,  mobese  •  ins8tu8ons  can  monitor,  capture,  and  analyze  the  behavior  of  clients  or  customer  base  

•  Level  of  awareness  people  have  when  being  monitored  by  technology  and  if  it  affects  them  is  an  issue  

•  who  has  access  to  it?  •  Abusing  the  asymmetry  of  observer  and  the  one  being  observed  is  dangerous.  

•  It  can  be  beneficial  too,  for  keeping  track  of  children's  loca8on,  keeping  the  public  places  secure…  

•  General  acceptance  of  society  will  determine  the  world  we  inhabit  in  2020  

The  Growth  of  Crea)ve  Engagement  Augmen)ng  human  reasoning

• Computers  leading  to  new  forms  of  research  •  augment  human  reasoning  and  problem-­‐solving  skills  in  a  way  that  empowers  scien8sts’  and  others’  ability  to  understand,  solve  problems.  

•  are  automated  increasing  tools  that  index,  search  and  sort  will  replace  humans  en8rely  in  research  process?  Or  to  what  extent?  

•  Are  those  results  will  be  meaningful  for  humans?  How?  • Will  the  augmenta8on  of  human  abili8es  maintain  the  desire  of  people  to  inves8gate  and  produce?  

The  Growth  of  Crea)ve  Engagement  New  forms  of  crea)ve  engagement

• Digital  representa8ons  and  physical  artefacts,  will  offer  new  ways  for  crea8ve  authoring,  designing,  learning,  thinking  and  playing.  • We  always  have  a  desire  to  express  ourselves,  pursue  new  ambi8ons  and  achieve  new  goals.  • How  to  ensure  do-­‐it-­‐yourself  and  other  similar  methods  will  result  good  design  that  empower  people  rather  than  undermining  them?  

Thank  you

(Discussion  points  are  included  in  the  slides)