transitioning africa to a renewable energy powered future ... overview and framin… ·...

Transitioning Africa to a renewable energy powered future with access for all

COP 21 LAUNCH

WHAT AREI IS AND NOT

AREI is a political framework and vision approved at highest possible level (all Heads of State). It provides direction and mandate for transformative action.AREI is uniquely Africa-initiated, Africa-owned and African-driven. African countries taking the lead.

AREI is to leverage unprecedented action on renewable energy and make Africa take a global lead.AREI is primarily about policy action: strengthen ambition, establish long-term plans, set in place comprehensive policies, ensure broad-based multi-stakeholder engagement and help mobilise funding funds for this.

WHAT AREI IS AND NOT

AREI is a an umbrella framework for the renewable energy activities on the continentNot about enabling single projects, but rather help whole countries quickly realise their renewable energy potentials.AREI is beyond Energy – it’s about overall development. Of central importance to all sectors and ministries. How can African countries leapfrog to societies with well-being, jobs and sufficiency for all in a truly climate-friendly way.

AREICONTEXT – CLIMATE AND DEVELOPMENT

A LOW TO ZERO CARBON FUTURE NECESSARY – ALSO FOR AFRICA

Amount Used1870-2011:

515GtC

Amount Remaining:

275GtC

Total Carbon Budget:

790GtC

AR5WGISPM

THE ENERGY ACCESS GAP

Share of population without electricity access

Future access situation: BAU scenario

• Huge implications on human well-being, employment and prospects for sustainable development

THE ENERGY ACCESS GAP

300 GW of renewable energy potential will contribute to energy access for all in 2030.

IMPORTANCE OF ENERGY FOR AGRICULTURE

LandPreparationFertilizingCrop protectionHarvesting/threshing

DryingMilling

PackingPressing

Storing

Infrastructureand transportICTsTrainingSelling

Energy supply mix:Electricity

Mechanical powerFuels/thermal

ACTIVITIES

AGRICULTURAL VALUE CHAIN (Simplified)

Production

Distributionand retail(domestic andexport markets)

Processing,post-harvestand storage

THE IMPORTANCE OF ENERGY FOR MSMES

SME sector potential …energy-related limitations

WHY AN INITIATIVE FOR AFRICA?

• 300 Africa’s economy is vulnerable to commodity price fluctuations.

• Agriculture represents less than 20% of GDP, and ¾ of total employment.

• Economic diversification, and agricultural efficiency improvements are amongsts the elements to increase economic resilience.

Source: AfDB, African Economic Outlook 2018

WHY AN INITIATIVE FOR AFRICA?

• Africa is the region with the highest infrastructure investment gap.

• Energy Sector represents 30% of the total infrastructure investments.

• The investment capacities of the Governments are limited by fiscal and economic constraints

• Private sector represents only 4% of the total infrastructure investments.

Source: AfDB, African Economic Outlook 2018

AREIGOALS AND PRINCIPES

GOALSENERGY ACCESS… …CLIMATE

help achieve the Sustainable Development

Goals, enhanced well-being, and sound

economic development by ensuring universal

access to sufficient amounts of clean, appropriate and

affordable energy

help African countries leapfrog towards

renewable energy systems that support their low-carbon development

strategies while enhancing economic and energy

security

GUIDING PRINCIPLES

Contributing to achieving SD in Africa

Addressing the entire

African continent

and benefit all African countries.

Boosting intra-regional

cooperation

Promoting all kinds of renewable

energy technologies

Promoting the full range of renewable

electricity applications, as well as non-electrical

forms of energy

KEY PRECEPTS

Country Ownership

Enhanced private and

public sector engagement

Smart, modern renewable energy

systems of the future

Transformative and

programmatic

Multi-stakeholder participation and

social and environmental

safeguards

SMART, PEOPLE-CENTERED RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS OF THE FUTURE


515GtC

Amount Remaining:

275GtC


790GtC

FROM THE OLD CENTRALISED APPROACH…


515GtC

Amount Remaining:

275GtC


790GtC

Customerdemand

Customerdemand

Customerdemand

CustomerdemandCustomer

demand

Lowandmediumvoltage

…TO DISTRIBUTED, DECENTRALISED, PEOPLE-CENTERED ENERGY SYSTEMS

OF THE FUTURE


515GtC

Amount Remaining:

275GtC


790GtC

Customerdemand

Customerdemand

Customerdemand

CustomerdemandCustomer

demand

Islandgrid1

Islandgrid2

Islandgrid5

Islandgrid4

Islandgrid3

KEY DRIVERS FORTRANSFORMATION

TRANSFORMATIVE CORE WORK AREAS

2. Strengthen policy,

regulatory, organization,

and incentives frameworks

3. Capacity mobilization, building, and partnerships

4. Financing and funding

5. Project development and support

1. Mapping for coordination

Mapping and coordinating (1/5)

• Thorough mapping of existing and proposed RE policies, regulations, and experiences.

• Determine the level of effort, gaps and priorities of the different RE initiatives.

• Facilitate exchange of best-practice policies

Building synergies between existing

and future RE

Initiatives

SDG 17

WHAT DIFFERS FROM OTHER MAPPINGS?

• African-driven – Africans mapping what is happening in their countries and on the continent

• Continental – AREI covers the whole continent. • Action-oriented –serves to directly facilitate and

inform actions in all the other AREI work areas• Qualitative – beyond data display. Mapping seeks to

understand trends and lessons learned at a deeper level.

• Cross-cutting – seeks to combine mapping of actors, initiatives, projects, programmes, policies, lessons learned, contributions etc

• Accessible in line with AREI’s multi-stakeholder approach

Development Goals

Actors, interests and capacities

Regulations and processes

Finance and conditions

Programmes and projects

Data, indicators and other stats Monitoring and

evaluation of progress

Mapping of actors, interests, capacities,

gaps

Mapping of opportunities and

barriers

Targeted engagement and project partnerships addressing

fundamental needs and progressing

development ambitions

AREI Information

QUESTIONS BEING ADDRESSED

Analysis Applications

Are sufficient resources being mobilized to meet the scale of the challenge?

Are resources being allocated in the most efficient way?

Are resources being used prudently & are countries getting good value for these investments?

What is the quality of dialogue between national players and international players and partners on energy matters at

the regional, sub-regional and national and local levels?

What level of collaborations exist between the initiatives? How do they interact?

What role do the initiatives play in supporting and setting the national energy agenda?

How do the national actors perceive their relationship with the initiatives?

MULTI-LEVEL and MULTI-DIMENTIONAL MAPPING

Continental

Regional

National

City/Municipal

ActorsInitiatives

Networks

Policies AREI Attributed Projects &

programmes

Pledges and contributions

Successes

Project and programme

pipelineLessons

Trends

Strengthening Policy, Regulatory and Support frameworks

…to provide long-term investment

security

…to drive upgrades of existing grids and

accelerated mini-grid rollouts

…to expand use of non-electrical energy in

productive applications

…to improve energy efficiency across all energy applications

…to enhance domestic capacity for

RE component manufacturing SDG7

(2/5)

• Evaluate different kinds of policy tools and incentives, including payment guarantees/ feed-in tariffs

• Evaluate particularly promising options or models for support of off-grid and mini-grids

• Support countries in determining international financial support needs.

• Support countries in formulating bold funding proposals to GCF

…to provide long-term

investment security

Strengthening Policy, Regulatory and Support frameworks (2/5)

• Many renewables competitive with fossil fuels on life-time basis.

• No fuel costs for renewables – almost all costs in initial construction (high capital costs = risky investments)

• Developers/investors need security for both off-take and tariffs to dare make the investment.

• Payment guarantees are therefore a key to unleash transformative change where huge numbers of households, communities, cooperatives, public institutions, SMEs and larger companies can invest

Strengthening Policy, Regulatory and Support frameworks…to provide long-term investment security

Newlyestablishedislandgrid

IslandGridOperator

Proposal: On-grid and off-grid renewables deployment is stimulated with off-take and tariff guarantees, backed by international funding

CountryANationalgrid

NationalREAgency

NationalGridOperator

TG=TariffGuarantee[USD/MWh]

CP=Connectionpayment[USD/customerconnection/month]

Sources:CSIRanalysis

CPTG(sliding)

1

Valueofislandgrid2

Supra-NationalRE

Fund

1)Backingofnationaltariffandoff-takeguarantee

2)Top-uppaymentOn-grid:(TG- value)

Islandgrid:(TG+CP- value)3

ValueofRE2

TGTG

TG

TGTG

1

Proposal: International community provides backing for tariff payments & off-take guarantee as well as required top-up (if required)

REValueTop-UpRECost(tariff)

Tariffpaymentsandoff-takeguaranteed,

backedbyinternationalcommunity

1

DeterminedthroughEnergyMasterPlan,

comparedtoBusiness-as-Usualexpansion

2

Providedbyinternational

communityifrequired

3

• Support country assessment of existing grid-infrastructure, with identification, prioritization and cost estimations.

• Enable African visionary longer-term planning of new smart grid systems

• Enable international financial support for ambitious grid extension and upgrades.

• Evaluate existing and emerging business models and support schemes for minigrid development and enable funding for such incentives.

…to drive upgrades of

existing grids and accelerated mini-grid rollout


• Provide seed capital and credit to meet demands for productive applications of non-electrical energy products and services.

• Promote cooperation (including South-South) for scale-up of the most promising non-electrical energy technologies

• Engage African countries in long-term planning of their renewable energy systems and the phasing in/out of renewable energy technologies over time

…to expand use of non-electrical

energy in productive

applications


• Assess and highlight best practices and particularly successful approaches.

• Explore EE incentives measures as complementary and conditionalrequirements for other results-based RE investment incentives.

• Enable and channel international financial support to improve and finance bold energy efficiency measures

…to improve energy efficiency across all energy

applications


• Support planning for long-term, step-wise enhancement of RE technology manufacturing capacity through targeted financial incentives mechanisms.

• Initiate collaborative long-term programmes, including south-south collaboration.

• Support government efforts to maximize job-creation through effective coordination with other policies.

• Expand opportunities for women’sparticipation in the renewable energy sector.

…to enhance domestic

capacity for RE component

manufacturing


Capacity mobilization/building (3/5)• Elevate capacity building as a top

priority and support an African regional strategic plan.

• Build partnerships with knowledge institutions outside of Africa, including South-South collaboration.

• Develop regional collaboration among African institutions. Support renewable energy education and training at universities.

• Mobilize the African diasporacommunity to deliver targeted expertise as needed.

Concerted capacity building

across stakeholde

rs at all levels

SDG7,8

Finance (4/5)• Operating costs for African RE Initiative

• Funding from GCF and other sources for comprehensive country programmesand investment incentives according to this framework.

• Financial commitments from international donors to fund the pre-2020 requirements with at least USD 5 billion.

• Establishment, through continued African leadership, of a global programme for renewable energy support with sufficient, long-term funding commitments.

• New public sources of favorable, concessional finance for upfront investments.

Finance

To cover operating costs, enabling activities and

incentives

By facilitating access to credit

for investors and developers

SDG17

Project development and support (5/5)

• Complementary effort: Enable good projects in the pipeline

• Invite countries for proposals

• Review and select proposals

• Ensure adherence to all AREI guidelines and principles

• Ensure new and additional

• Release funds through AREI trustee or through existing channels with full transparency

• Project development capacity building at continental and country level

More and higher quality

renewable energy

projects

TRANSFORMATIVE CROSS-CUTTING WORK AREAS


7. Multi-stakeholder engagement

9. Communications and outreach8. Wider context

monitoring

6. Safeguards and

technologyassessment

• Ensuring environmental and social safeguards, and local social and environmental impact assessments

• Procedures/systems for systematic assessment of RE technologies

• Renewable energy technologies deployed in ways that benefit local communities and do not harm the environment, while promoting technology innovation and precautionary needs assessments

…inclusion of safeguards,

participation, and equity

principles from the outset.

Socio-economic and environmental technology assessment

The AREI Framework and Criteria highlights the importance of participation and safeguards to ensure people-centred, equitable renewable energy solutions:

“Promoting a wide range of renewable energy technologies – in particular solar; wind; pico-, micro-, small- and medium-scale hydro; modern biomass; geothermal; and marine –

provided they are socially and environmentally appropriate, gender sensitive and in line with these guiding principles”

• Genuine community/civil society participation integral parts of AREI

• Participation also by the private sector, academia and other stakeholders

• African civil society, private sector and other relevant stakeholders actively engaged in the governancethrough the AREI Steering Committee

Broad set of stakeholders actively involved in shaping the AREI, ensuring broad ownership and sustainability

Multi-stakeholder engagement

AREIIMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY

MULTI-STAKEHOLDER ACTION

• Policy makers, practitioners, community based organizations, civil society actors

• Financial community, private sector

• African entrepreneurs and investors

• Development finance institutions and international private sector actors

• North-South and South-South Cooperation actors

• Global partners

IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY

An Africa-led framework with continental-wide reach

Comprehensive policy programming at country levels

Incentives & enabling activities made possible through international public finance

MOBILIZING AFRICAN LEADERSHIP

• Mobilize political support and engagement at the senior level to fast track launch of the Initiative at national level.

• Facilitate the design and implementation of appropriate policy frameworks, enabling regulation and allocate co-finance.

• Engage in experience-sharing processes with other countries to maximize mutual learning effects.

TIMELINE

ASSESSMENT AND ATTRIBUTION

OF PROJECTS AND PROGRAMMES

Cateogry A: Policy projects and programmes

Guarantees& derisking

Redirection of subsidies

Coordination

Information and

education

Environmental impact,

technology and risk assessment

Safeguards and public

participation

Public funding of technology

research

Capacity building

Regulatory and legal

instruments

Feed-intariffs

Category A Proposals

Cateogry B: RE Installation projects

Biomass

Geo-thermal

Smart grids &

minigridsEnergy efficiency

Solar

Hydro

Category B Proposals

Wind

Marine

Must be aligned with AREI Criteria

Assessment dimensions: AREI Policy Development Proposals

Climate

Implementation Strategy

Stakeholder Involvement

Effectiveness

EfficiencyEquity

Institutional Feasibility

Transformative Potential

Socio-economic and

Environmental Impact

Energy Access

Category A Proposals

Assessment dimensions: AREI RE Installation Proposals

Financial

Institutional

TechnicalEnvironmental

Social

Economic

Category B Proposals

STATUS• AREI Criteria provides guidance, but needs further

operationalization. The development of such modalities and methodology has been initiated.

• First step – assessment in terms of overall eligibility: does the Categorty A or B project meet the firm requirements to be considered eligible for AREI attribution?

• Second step – what is the quality and relevance of the project in relation to more fine-grained indicators and verifiers? Is the project good enough to be determined compliant with AREI?

• Also need for clarity in terms of how the projects are funded, who are involved, what is the balance between commercial, concessional, grant-based funding etc.?

• Project assessment system also being linked to the mapping database/webinterface to serve the countries with relevant data and overview.

FUNDING AND FINANCING

TYPES OF ACTIVITIES


515GtC

Amount Remaining:

275GtC


790GtC

ENABLING ACTIVITIES LEVERAGING INVESTMENT FLOWS

FUNDING AND FINANCING

• AREI is a holistic vision and framework that goes far beyond funding.

• Funding is more than the AREI Trust Fund – it’s about ensuring AREI attributed activities enable necessary funds to be effectively achieved.

• Public funding shall enable enable activities and bold policies, programmes, incentives to create secure, conducive investment environment for all

• This public funding leverages much larger financing of actual investments in projects on the ground.

USD 10 BILLION PLEDGED

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CURRENT STATUS

CURRENT STATUS

• Ambitous Framework and Action plan endorsed by all African Heads of State.

• Governance structure established. Board with Heads of State representing the five African regions.

• Independent Delivery Unit set up. Work across the 9 activity areas initiated.

• Africa-led Mapping of existing initiatives, policies and programmes initiated

• Compiled and initiated assessment of projects for ‘attribution’.

• On-line database for projects/programmes/ initiatives/policies and actors under development

COUNTRY ENGAGEMENT

Countries to submit projects and programmes for AREI attribution to help mobilize funding and support.Successes and challenges will be shared across the continent and accelerate renewable energy action everywhere. Facilitate regional and cross-regional collaboration

Coordination of interventions at both national and regional levels for enhancing synergies and programmatic focus

STEP 4

AREI 2017-2018

Inviting all African countries to add current projects to intervention pipeline

STEP 1

Country outreach and engagement

STEP 2 STEP 3

Intervention pipeline: (Policies, training, financing schemes, RE installations on the ground towards transformative change in accordance with AREI Framework and Action Plan)

Formulation of ideas, proposals and support for new and additional interventions

Pilot flagship programmes of funded comprehensive, country policy and incentive programmes in accordance

Cor

e W

ork

Are

asC

ross

-Cu

ttin

g W

ork

Are

as

WA: Mapping

WA: Capacity

WA: Projects

WA: Funding & financing

WA: Stakeholder engagement

WA: Safeguards

WA: Wider context

WA: Communications

IDU

/TC

O

per

atio

ns

Sept -17 Jan -18 July -18July -17

WA: Policies &programmes

AR

EI F

RA

ME

WO

RK

AN

D A

CTI

ON

PLA

N

Recruitment of initial IDU staff

Composition/Establishment of Technical Committee

Expansion of IDU staffing

Strategic partnerships

AREI Forum continental conference

Project development support service schemes

Clarification of USD 10 bn pledge

Country-level mapping initiated

Consultations

Resource mobilisation, incl South-South

Exchange schemes Fellowships program

Assessment of projects against AREI Criteria

Participatory assessment/operationalisation of best practice social and environmental safeguards

Formulation of GCF proposals with pioneering countries

AREI mapping database live

RELEVANCE FOR REGIONS?

RELEVANCE FOR THE REGION?

• Countries can benefit from IDU services and tools for all African member states

• Countries can contribute with its experiences to AREI for quick spread across the continent

• Countries can take decisive leadership and be a trailblazers. AREI’s model of change built on some countries taking the lead.

• AREI gives strong mandates for political action that can be used by renewable energy promotors within the country/government. Transformation to RE ultimately approved by all Presidents.

CONCRETE TOOLSAREI canwork with African countries to:

• Help develop multi-stakeholder based, long-term plans, building and adding to the work already initiated.

• Help develop a comprehensive payment guarantee scheme and associated policies and capacity building plans.

• Help turn this work into a comprehensive proposal for climate financing institutions (GCF, etc.).

• Facilitate exchange with all other African countries to enrich and share successes, experiences, lessons learned.

AREIwww.arei.org

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