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TRANSITIONS TO THE URBAN WATER SERVICES OF TOMORROW

Cities of tomorrowParticipating cities in TRUST European project unveil their plans for the future and how they can contribute to the 2040 vision.

Algarve

Athens

Comunidad de Madrid

Reggio Emilia

Amsterdam

Hamburg

Schiphol

Bucharest

Cities of Scotland

Oslo

water

water

agua

água

acqua

acqua

voda

voda

aigua

aigua

nero

nero

vatten

vatten

uisge

uisge

vann

vann

shouei

eau

eau

wasser

wasser

Athens is in a water scarce area: Western Greece is the wet part of the country while Eastern Greece (where Athens is situated) is much drier with most of the demand for water and almost all the population. This spatial and temporal imbalance led to the development of a very long water conveyance system that presents challenges for both real time control and long term planning – as well as security. To support the operation of this complex system, the Athens water company adopted a model, developed

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Athens

The TRUST Contribution

Even though Athens is not an official pilot city of TRUST, the research project is expected to contribute through: (a) investigation of water demand management (WDM) measures and their effects, (b) study of renewable energy potential including pump-storage schemes and (c) investigation of WWRC schemes at different scales. Specifically, TRUST will set up a metabolism model and apply it for (part of) Athens to provide quantitative analysis for the principal flows of water, energy and materials in the Athens urban water cycle system (UWCS). The metabolism model will be a deterministic, quantitative, simulation type model able to quantify what-if intervention scenarios. From a water perspective, such scenarios refer to interventions increasing the efficiency of the urban water system, including demand management measures (e.g. low water using devices, local reuse and rainwater harvesting), the feasibility of reuse at the city scale, and desalination options to enhance the reliability of the supply system. From an energy perspective, potential interventions include micro-turbines, solar and wind as well as pump-and-storage in the water supply network. These options will be explored to provide a preliminary analysis of options for EYDAP. The impact of these interventions will be assessed on the basis of key performance indicators (KPI). EYDAP is willing to provide access to data and knowledge via the TRUST partner NTUA to maximize their benefits from the research.

Vision

The Athens water company wants to ensure their ability to provide high quality water services to an increasing population and manage water and sanitation challenges presented by transient population and immigration. They also wish to improve security, reduce energy needs for the operation of the water and wastewater system and take advantage of any potential of renewable energy production in these processes. Furthermore, they need to ensure that water prices reflect true costs of the operation, maintenance and expansion of its system, including environmental and social policy objectives. This is within the context of a potential privatization in the near future and very limited investment available at this point in view of the financial situation in Greece.

Athens, the capital of Greece, is a major population centre of approximately 5,000,000 (and an immigration destination or at least an immigration hub). The water system is run by two companies: EPEYDAP (which owns the supply assets and reservoirs and is a public company) and EYDAP, which owns the system downstream of the treatment plants and is responsible for providing water to the end-users. Demand has risen exponentially over the past 80 years, but appears to have been stabilised at 415hm3 (a value close to the system’s capacity) for the past 5 years. The water supply companies aim to implement new technologies of waste water treatment and take advantage of alternative water sources to increase the cost-effectiveness, performance, safety and sustainability of the water system.

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The TRUST Contribution

Águas do Algarve will take part in a number of TRUST activities for example in the setting up of a metabolism model to assess the sustainability of urban water cycle systems (UWCS) and in an analysis of the current state, pressures, trends and strategic plans of UWCS. Roadmaps that are based on such analyses will be developed. They aim to improve the UWCS and increase its sustainability by proposing technical, governmental, organizational and financial interventions.Technical interventions include analyses of renewable energy production, studying the particular case of Águas do Algarve of fully functional energy recovery turbines on the water supply network and energy efficiency. Selected case studies from Algarve water supply systems will be used for analysis of the impact of different energy-efficiency measures in urban water services and it will also contribute in developing the energy assessment tool within UWCS. In the aim of alternative resources, Algarve may contribute and assess about available technologies that may complement the existing secondary/tertiary wastewater treatments plants, thus allowing reuse of treated wastewater, namely for golf course irrigation. Águas do Algarve will also contribute to the development of an integrated decision support system within TRUST and takes part in the TRUST cities platform events to use the chance to spread the results among the pilot partners to link innovation with best practice experience.

Algarve is a tourist region in the south of Portugal with an insulation level higher than 3000 h/year. Algarve’s regional capital Faro is the European city with lowest number of days per year with rain (60). The Algarve multi-municipal water supply and sanitation system, which covers all 16 municipalities in the region, supplies around 450,000 inhabitants during the low season and around a million and a half during the high season. The main aim is to supply enough quality drinking water all year round and to equip the Algarve Region with a safe system in terms of public health and promoting environmental quality. A special attention is given to the water quality of Algarve’s beaches and rivers, which is an essential factor for the well-being of the population and for developing the region’s economy and tourism.

Vision

The development of methodologies under the TRUST Project is important in order to have a prospective vision and scenarios of contextual constraints affecting the water sector until 2040 (e.g. climate changes, regulation and environmental pressures, social acceptability of the solutions, evolution of the consumers demands). With the application of the urban water cycle metabolism model, to be developed under the TRUST project, to the Algarve region, it is expected to build a board map (or indicators) of the current situation, and thus contribute for the evaluation of the Algarve’s water sector sustainability. Among other results, it is expected that questions like the real contribution of the water sector for the overall regional generation of greenhouse gases (GhG), as well as the effects of GhG emissions reduction measures undertaken by the water sector versus the global regional GhG emissions, are clearly answered. Costs related to such measures will then be in position to be estimated. This is based on the assumption that the model to be developed under TRUST will adopt a correct compromise between rigour and complexity, being able to give reliable results with the existing and available information.

Further informationPlease contact Helena Lucas (h.lucas@aguasdoalgarve.pt)Joaquim Freire (j.freire@aguasdoalgarve.pt) José Gascão (j.nunes@adp.pt) or visit Águas do Algarve website: http://www.aguasdoalgarve.pt/

WATER SCARCITY CLUSTER

Algarve

Further informationPlease contact Dr Christos Makropoulos (cmakro@mail.ntua.gr)or visit EYDAP’s website: http://www.eydap.gr/

in the National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), which helps to achieve an optimum trade-off between required energy for the operation (pumping) and system reliability. To further improve energy use, the company installed small hydroelectric plants in the water supply system. An extensive leakage detection and repair program has already been undertaken resulting in reduction of leakages by almost 20% over the last 10 years. However, demand has now reached the capacity of the system. To address this, the company is looking for additional measures and options to improve system reliability within a financially difficult period for the country, including centralised reuse schemes at their main wastewater treatment plan.

Algarve region faces limited water resources (low precipitation, ≈500mm), a fragile ecosystem and strong building stress on the costal area. One of the heaviest stress factors is tourism pressure, leading to highly seasonal fluctuating water demand, a very wide range of service conditions between low and high season and risks emerging from scarcity of water and energy. Numbers state that there are 15 million night stays per year and 35 golf courses in operation representing a water demand

equivalent to 350 thousand inhabitants. The challenge is therefore how to meet that demand in a sustainable way, especially taking into account that Algarve has also an important agricultural activity. In this context, Águas do Algarve developed a regional wastewater reuse plan for irrigation of golf courses, to minimize pressures on aquifers. The plan has already been submitted to regulatory agencies and approved.

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The TRUST Contribution

Madrid will focus its activities in TRUST primarily on assessing technical and operational intervention options. CYII is eager to explore the optimisation potential in existing schemes and identify modes of operation that require least resources, be it energy or chemicals. TRUST will support this endeavour investigating the minimization of the environmental impact of inland desalination of brackish water. The holistic view will assess the impacts of current and future concentrate discharge considering environmentally critical scenarios with respect to water capture. The TRUST project will point out possible further concentrate treatment options and embed them into an overall energy optimisation concept. TRUST will work closely on the ground and assess the operational optimisation potential based on implemented technologies or suggest new add-on measures.

Madrid is the capital of Spain and one of the biggest European cities. It is situated in an intrinsically dr y region characterised by continental climate with hot and dry summers and comparably cold winters. The 6.4 million inhabitants in the city and the autonomous region of Comunidad de Madrid are served by the public utility Canal de Isabel II (CYII) which is responsible for managing the water cycle in the region of Madrid. The water supply of the city is mainly based on surface water resources, which makes it vulnerable to reduced precipitation and periods of drought.

Vision

Madrid aspires for a transition to more sustainable operation in a water scarce region. The supply reliability target is 96% to be achieved by improved management of reservoirs levels and yield. But it necessarily also encompasses the development of non-conventional resources since recently CYII operates an inland desalination plant to back-up the traditional water sources. Water reuse will increasingly play a role in the portfolio, be it as service water for public green irrigation and street cleansing or as an alternative water resource for agriculture. The marginal cost of any additional water supply will very likely be higher than the current one. Hence, the selection of the most cost efficient solution to provide reliable urban water cycle services (UWCS) is a paramount ambition.

Further information

Please contact José Serrano Paradinas (jserrano@cyii.es) or visit the Canal de Isabel II website: http://www.cyii.es/

WATER SCARCITY CLUSTER

Comunidad de Madrid

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Reggio Emilia

The TRUST Contribution

IREN, providing a case study in the Emilia Romagna region belonging to the “water and economic resources scarcity” cluster, will be involved in a number of activities. The main case study is the urban area of Langhirano (10.000 inhabitants) that belongs to the Parma River catchment. Climate change, population growth, increasing urbanisation and ageing infrastructure, as well as economic constraints are expected to be the main drivers to cause significant strains to the urban water system (UWS) in the coming decades. In addition, both industrial and agricultural activities are very developed in the area, and water scarcity may affect these sectors too. Further, the UWS of Langhirano is a meaningful case study for district metering for leakage reduction also via pressure management. Given its different elevations, this UWS poses issues related to water delivery points, fire systems feeding and industrial user’s satisfaction. As pumping plants and pressure reducing valves are present in the UWS, energy usage optimisation and some energy production are expected. As far as the drainage system is concerned, the CSOs, infiltration and pollutant peaks to waste water treatment plants are the main concerns of IREN. IREN aims to analyse the management options of water reuse for agricultural purposes, while envisaging a clearer regulatory framework. Finally, IREN is interested in the ongoing development of methodologies to assess UWS sustainability.

Vision

IREN, as a private company owned both by private and public bodies, strives to maintain a high level of competences to properly manage urban water services and to face current and future challenges related to their effectiveness and efficiency, environmental issues, energy saving, resource preservation and carbon footprint reduction in a context of water scarcity, climate change, territory vulnerability and economic constraints.With this aim, IREN, which is favourable to experiment new methods and technologies, makes studies and projects, plant design, and numerical models for both artificial (e.g. water and drainage networks) and natural systems (e.g. aquifers) in close collaboration with academia. Even if, in the Italian water framework, companies are not in charge of water cycle planning (which is under the jurisdiction of specific authorities), IREN actively takes part in shaping development plans and makes available its skills, knowledge and know-how to authorities responsible for planning activities.

Reggio Emilia lies in the Po plain in Northern Italy. With 170.000 inhabitants, it is the capital city of its Province in the western part of the Emilia Romagna region. Its territory has deeply changed in the last decades becoming densely built, with a very high population growth rate due to immigration. It is also home to intensive agricultural practices, livestock farming and a number of small industries, many devoted to food transformation. The area is currently facing important challenges, from both a social and an environmental point of view. From the water cycle perspective, Reggio Emilia represents a system of scarcity with regard to financial resources, water and energy. IREN, managing the water cycle in Reggio and in the nearby Parma and Piacenza, wishes to include these aspects in a new concept for optimized management, including operation, maintenance and renewal.

Further informationPlease contact Robert Bertozzi (robert.bertozzi@irenacquagas.it)or visit IREN website: https://www.gruppoiren.it/

Madrid has already performed remarkably in coping with its limited water resources. The city managed to lower the domestic water demand to an average domestic per capita demand of 140 litres per day due to considerable efforts from Canal de Isabel II. Madrid has further launched an ambitious programme to upgrade wastewater treatment plants, improve sludge treatment and promote water recycling. The so called Plan Madrid Dpura is to invest 600 million euros to install tertiary

treatment facilities and distribution networks which will produce and supply 30-40 hm³/yr reclaimed water for municipalities, golf courses and a few industries.CYII will contribute on issues of urban water services as well as evaluating potential applicability and acceptance of new strategies and technologies. Madrid constitutes a key element in the study of water supply management and alternative sources during droughts or periods of low rainfall.

IREN has always occupied a notable position among Italian water cycle managing companies. It has been partner in several European projects (e.g. CARE-W, CARE-S) and currently is involved in Wataclic, Prepared, FRAMITA, IMAGE and TRUST. IREN IAG is the company in charge of Water Services in the IREN Group, currently manages water for a population

of 2,400,000 in 3 Italian regions (Piemonte, Liguria and Emilia) including very different conditions, ranging from large urban areas to minor towns, flatlands and mountainous areas as well as coastal territories. Nowadays the Italian water sector, and accordingly IREN, is undergoing changes in an evolving national framework, bringing in corporate and company reorganization, together with important environment-related issues. This is a social, economic, and environmental challenge due to the variety of physical conditions and to an unceasingly evolving social context.

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Hamburg

The TRUST Contribution

Amsterdam will participate in a number of TRUST activities, such as the analysis of current state, pressures, trends and strategic plans of urban water cycle systems (UWCS) and the setting up of a metabolism model to assess the sustainability of UWCS. Based on such analyses, roadmaps will be developed that propose technical, governmental, organizational and financial interventions for improving the UWCS and increase its sustainability. Technical interventions include the recovery of energy from wastewater and thermal energy storage. Amsterdam will be one of the cities in which this roadmap and such technical innovations will be tested. Because the water-energy nexus is so central to Amsterdam’s vision, it will also contribute in developing a tool for an energy/carbon neutral water cycle. Furthermore, an integrated decision support system will be developed in TRUST with help from Amsterdam. This tool is especially suited to help solving the long-term city metabolism planning problem. Finally, Amsterdam takes part in the TRUST city platform events that will offer the opportunity to spread the results among the pilot partners, thus linking best practice experience with innovations.

Amsterdam is the capital of The Netherlands and home to almost 800.000 people. Amsterdam and water are intimately connected; the name of the city refers to the adjacent Amstel River, which terminates in the well known historical canals that run through the city centre. The city’s aim to develop as a competitive and sustainable European metropolis in the face of economic, demographic and climate challenges neatly align with the rationale and objectives of TRUST.

Vision

New ideas about centralized and decentralized water concepts, energy and nutrient recovery from the water cycle, demographic and climate changes have led Amsterdam to develop an ambitious strategy that should result in sustainable, climate-proof, cost-effective and safe urban water cycle services. Key elements in its strategy are innovation and integration both within the water cycle and with other sectors of industry (e.g. energy). Next to the current centralized system, decentralized options for tailor made water cycle services will be explored and implemented. Innovations aim at the recovery of energy and nutrients from wastewater and energy production from all stages in the water cycle. This must lead to a climate neutral and climate-proof water cycle by 2020. In line with this strategy, Amsterdam has listed carbon footprinting, sustainable water supply, the energy-water nexus (energy generation), asset management and assessment and benchmarking tools among their priorities in TRUST. Amsterdam expects from TRUST a portfolio of novel conceptual, technological and managerial interventions to help realize its vision of a sustainable, cost-effective and safe water cycle system.

Further informationPlease contact Jan Peter van der Hoek

(jan.peter.van.der.hoek@waternet.nl)or visit Waternet’s website: https://www.waternet.nl/

The TRUST Contribution

Main task of HWW is to support an integrated case study in Hamburg. HWW will take part in the developing processes and represent the demands and experiences of a utility company in urban areas. HWW is developing a water demand forecast approach with high requirements on data input on a very high level. HWW is interested in a complementary approach, using stochastic modelling on the basis of easily accessible statistical data and focussing more on the consumer level. Furthermore HWW is going to provide data to calculate energy budget and carbon footprint, host TRUST cities platform events in Hamburg and a tandem workshop (governance bodies and citizens) that is addressing specific questions regarding possible changes in the financing/tariff/pricing system of HWW due to a continuing decline in water demand.HWW is interested in feasible approaches to deal with oversized distribution networks and associated risks. Another topic is on-site measurement of N2O in treatment plants and to identify parameters and measures for reducing its emissions. HWW is quite advanced in matters of the water-energy nexus and is happy to share experiences with other TRUST partners.

Vision

In 2018 HW’s carbon-neutral production of electricity and heat on its own grounds will level the consumption of the whole company. HW’s ambitions in saving energy, production of renewable energy and sustainable urban water cycles result in a comprehensive investment plan that includes actions like biogas exploitation, extraction of heat and coldness for water supply and sewer systems and reduction of energy consumption by evaluation of optimization potentials and new systemic approaches. HWW expects from TRUST to receive a strategic concept for combining water services with energy supply. In the past, large margins of safety were included when dimensioning water distribution pipes. In combination with decreasing demand, this leads to areas and time phases with low velocities and an increased risk for side-effects such as bacterial growth. There is a need for innovative tools / solutions how to deal with this situation from the engineering, operational and management perspective. A tailor-made workshop on this topic would be very much welcomed by HWW.

Further informationPlease contact Dr. Kim Augustin (kim.augustin@hamburgwasser.de) or visit the website:http://www.hamburgwasser.de

The HAMBURG WASSER Group is owned by the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg and consists of Hamburger Wasserwerke GmbH (HWW), Hamburger Stadtentwässerung AöR (HSE) and a subsidiary of HWW, HAMBURG ENERGIE. Their main tasks are the supply of drinking water for about 2 million inhabitants in Hamburg and 20 cities and communities in the surrounding area, sewage transport and treatment for 2.4 million population equivalents and the delivery of green electricity (without coal and nuclear power) to the inhabitants of Hamburg.

GREEN CITY CLUSTER

Amsterdam

Amsterdam has always taken a prominent position in national and international water management. Its water company was the first to deliver piped water in the country (1853) and the first in the world that does not use chlorine in the treatment of its surface water. In 2006 the various urban water related services were brought under one roof, culminating in the country’s first water cycle company called Waternet. The city’s unique water cycle approach has proven highly beneficial.

Excellent operational performance is for instance achieved at lower costs than in other major cities in The Netherlands and a 6% reduction in operational costs has been realized by integrating drinking water supply, wastewater treatment and sewerage. Waternet is also known for its large international network and has participated in various international projects. It makes Amsterdam and Waternet in particular a highly suitable partner in TRUST.

The City of Hamburg was awarded the title “European Green Capital 2011” by the EU Commission because of its ambitious targets in sustainability, climate and environmental protection. The HAMBURG WASSER group is deeply involved in supporting activities to achieve these targets. Besides the daily experiences of water supply and waste water management for about 2 million people the company focuses on the growing problem of storm water events, developing concepts for

attenuating the consequences of climate change and increased sealing. The HW group also works on the production of renewable energy in urban areas (production and treatment of biogas, feeding in the gas distribution system, wind energy plants, operating a new system for heat production from sewers) and currently develops a semi-centralised waste water system which separates grey and black water and uses black water for energy production.

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Bucharest

The TRUST Contribution

Bucharest and ANB will participate as a TRUST pilot city in order to test and assess new technologies and approaches on TRUST subjects such as water and waste water optimisation tool box, energy savings and water demand management.

Vision

ANB long term vision and strategy is to deliver the best water and sewage services in terms of quality and experience to its customers, to value water and waste water services as potential energy sources and to be a responsible actor of the city’s life by decreasing its environmental impact and raising awareness. In order to achieve those commitments, innovation and global benchmarking are required on asset management, energy-water nexus and demand management which is the reason why ANB and Veolia Environment Research and Innovation joined the TRUST project.

Bucharest is the capital of Romania and home to almost 2 million people. Since 2000 the company Apa Nova Bucuresti (ANB) is in charge with water supply and sanitation for the city. The owners are Veolia Water (74%), the municipality of Bucharest (16%) and the employees of ANB (10%). In 2010, the company had 1900 employees and provided water and sewage utilities for 2 millions inhabitants through three water treatment plants and a pipeline network (water and sewage) of approximately 4000 km. A new wastewater plant that has been constructed by the municipality with the help of ISPA funds (Instrument for Structural Policies Pre-Accession) has recently started operation and is run by ANB.

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The TRUST Contribution

Schiphol will receive from TRUST a portfolio of novel conceptual, technological and managerial interventions to achieve a sustainable, cost-effective and safe water cycle system. Particularly of concern is the energy-water nexus which is why the generation of energy from wastewater is one specific goal to be achieved (i.e. black water digestion (decentral sanitation) and energy production from central waste water treatment plants (AB-system)). Schiphol will also be a demonstration site where the roadmap of interventions towards sustainable urban water cycle services will be tested. As part of it, TRUST will deliver a performance assessment of the various options as input for the investment plans of Schiphol, thereby using the models and metrics developed in TRUST. Other specific research topics of interest are carbon foot printing, asset management and assessment and benchmarking tools.Next to delivering data on their water cycle systems for TRUST, Schiphol will act as pilot for test bedding the models and tools delivered by TRUST as well as a linking pin to a cluster of airports/dynamic cities in Europe.

Europe’s fifth largest airport, Schiphol Amsterdam, welcomes 50 million passengers annually and hosts another 60.000 “workers”. With shopping, congress and leisure facilities it is a true dynamic city in itself. Schiphol’s ambition is to become a climate resistant and carbon neutral airport. Water is of major importance in achieving this ambition and the idea is to show the benefits of making water and energy leading in urban planning. TRUST is the vehicle for Schiphol in turning this idea into reality.

Vision

Corporate Responsibility (CR) is at the heart of Schiphol’s strategy and balancing people, planet and profit is key if Schiphol wants to remain one of the most important hubs in Europe. To realize the plan of becoming a climate resistant and carbon neutral airport, ambitious plans for the water cycle are drawn. These ambitions are consolidated in a research/investment programme that includes the development, assessment and implementation of new concepts and technologies for:

• Wastewater treatment (glycol, i.e. anaerobic treatment, algae)• Sanitation (source separation)• Alternative water resources (brackish water) • Water and nutrient reuse• Water as source for cooling buildings• Energy recovery • Water storage• Bio-energy • Nature development

In 2020, this should lead to a CO2 -reduction of 30% of all activities at Schiphol (compared to 1990) and a production of 20% renewable energy. Ultimately, the aim is for Schiphol to become the first carbon neutral main airport in the world in 2040. With these plans, Schiphol forms a true TRUST hotspot for application and demonstration of innovative concepts and technologies for the urban water cycle.

Further information

Please contact Ed Koelemeijer (koelemeijer@schiphol.nl) Bart Straver (straver_b@schiphol.nl) or visit Schiphol’s website: https://www.schiphol.nl

Further informationPlease contact Arnaud Valleteau (arnaud.valleteau@apanovabucuresti.ro) or visit our website: https://www.apanovabucuresti.ro

GREEN CITY CLUSTER URBAN - PERI URBAN CLUSTER

Schiphol

Water is essential to Schiphol’s operations. About 1.2 million m³ drinking water is consumed in Schiphol each year, there are more than 1000 toilets of which 25% are water-free urinals and it has an activated sludge wastewater treatment plant. Schiphol follows a source-oriented approach to control surface water quality. The airport city has conducted research on topics

relevant for TRUST, thus yielding preliminary ideas on future sustainable water cycle systems. One research project relates to the treatment of glycol, used for de-icing planes by algae. Furthermore, comprehensive databases are available on Schiphol’s current water systems and their performance. This is important for the application and validation of TRUST models.

Since 2000 Bucharest meets the European norm regarding drinking water quality. As a water provider in a capital and with water and sewage service in transition, ANB restores and guarantees the continuity of supply and the high drinking water quality since then. Through metering and a non revenue water reduction strategy the global water demand of the city decreased from 585

Mm3 in 2000 to 225 Mm3 in 2011. The electrical consumption was also reduced by more than 75%. The municipality of Bucharest and ANB work together in order to raise the awareness of customers and inhabitants on water resources management and waste water treatment and impact of those services on the environment, by monitoring for instance its carbon foot print.

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Oslo

The TRUST Contribution

Together with TRUST partners, Oslo will be a showcase for new concepts, technologies and practices for a safe and sustainable urban water cycle and services. The city of Oslo will be used as a generic model city for the metabolism model that identifies and quantifies water, energy and material fluxes within urban water and wastewater systems and waste and emission outputs (carbon and pollutants fluxes). An asset management decision support tool will be created by coupling the metabolism model with pipe condition data generated by the no-dig inspection method for condition assessment of cast iron water mains (Pipescaner). The Hoffselva case study in Oslo will primarily be used for demonstration of a novel chain of models for design and optimizing (with regard to energy, flood frequency and pollution) of green infrastructure and conveyance facilities for stormwater management. Current and expected increase in use of energy from wastewater in Oslo will help to provide insight into the issues of renewable energy technologies, water-energy markets and carbon emission reduction potential across the TRUST cities. In addition to the research, workshops will be organized to help local, regional and national governance bodies and citizens groups explore their vision for future urban water services.

VisionThe city government has developed an ambitious sustainable strategy based on environmental and socio-economic challenges as well as new technological developments. A higher rate of water system rehabilitation using technologies for trenchless pipe rehabilitation and new methods for condition assessment of water mains, combination of green infrastructure and conveyance facilities for stormwater management, reduction of energy consumption, upgrading the wastewater treatment plants and increased energy recovery from the water supply and wastewater system are the main guarantors for water supply security, cost effective adaptation to climate change and stability of water resources in the city strategy for the water sector. Oslo expects from TRUST to get a set of sustainable solutions that are tailored to fit its needs as a high latitude city with rapid urbanisation and high energy demand. The leading-edge concepts, technologies and services are expected to be developed to maximize water sector contribution to the city’s carbon and ecological footprint reduction, to link operation and management of urban water systems with innovative concepts and technologies and to improve the utility’s “performance dashboard”.

The capital of Norway, Oslo, has a population of 600.000 inhabitants. Oslo city’s water resources portfolio consists of forty lakes which are scattered in the large forest area surrounding the city, eight major urban watercourses and the Oslo fjord. Rapid population growth in the urban, metropolitan area (population of 1.4 million) and in the entire Oslo fjord region (population of 1.7 million) places significant stress on this unique fresh-marine water environment and poses challenges regarding both ecosystem and water supply and wastewater services. Oslo wants to use the TRUST framework to enable inventory, valuation, benchmarking and monitoring of new categories of sustainable solutions and to increase the level of stakeholders’ involvement in shaping the visions for the future of urban water services.

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The TRUST Contribution

Scotland will participate in a number of TRUST activities, such as the analysis of current state, pressures, trends and strategic plans, and in the utilisation of the metabolism model to assess the sustainability of the existing systems. Input to the examination of institutional arrangements, required to support the development and operation of sustainable urban water cycle services, is going to be provided. Scotland has been identified as a pilot community and as such will be looking to utilise models and technology developed as part of TRUST and provide valuable operational data and support.

Scotland is home to 5.2m people and has an abundance of fresh water resources. Over 1.9% of land surface in Scotland is covered by freshwater. That is around 70% of the area and 90% of the volume of all the UK's inland surface water. The water contained in Loch Ness alone is nearly twice the amount found in all the standing waters of England and Wales combined. As a water rich country Scotland has recently set out a vision to become a responsible Hydro Nation which contributes to the strategy to develop a low carbon economy.

Vision

Scotland has set ambitious carbon reduction targets and Scottish Water, as the single water service for the whole country, aspires to deliver a low carbon water service. Through TRUST Scottish Water wants to determine the contribution the water sector can make to meet the carbon targets. The management of the water industry in Scotland needs to continue to evolve in order:

• To provide water for Scottish people at fair, sustainable and socially equitable prices;• To enable Scotland’s water resources to be used for the maximum benefit of industry in Scotland and the Scottish economy generally;• That Scottish Water, acting in partnership with research agencies and private industry can become a leader in sustainable water technology, for the benefit of both Scotland, and the wider world community.

TRUST is a key contributor to this vision and can help support the development of sustainable water systems for the urban and peri-urban environment. An important aspect of TRUST will be to develop future models of sustainable water systems that minimise the use of chemicals and energy and maximise the recovering and generation of resources. This will allow the future asset replacement programme to be future proof. It is equally important to develop sustainable solutions that can be incorporated into existing infrastructure to minimise the costs associated.

Further information

Please contact George Ponton (george.ponton@scottishwater.co.uk)or visit Waternet’s website: https://www.scottishwater.co.ukl/

Further information

Please contact Per Kristiansen (per.kristiansen@vav.oslo.kommune.no) or visit Oslo commune’s website: http://www.oslo.kommune.no/english/about_oslo/

Cities of Scotland

URBAN - PERI URBAN CLUSTER

Proximity to the water has shaped Oslo, its history, industry and people. The Akerselva River gave power to numerous mechanical workshops which were established on its banks in the early nineteenth century. Today, an important political goal for the city of Oslo is to sustain Oslo’s blue-green infrastructure and to reopen the city’s rivers, and bring the sight of running water in a green environment into people’s daily lives. Oslo Water and Sewerage

Works has participated in many national research and development projects and has been a major end user or pilot city in many EU projects. The utility has a tradition of quick uptake of new technologies and has already for many years provided financial and practical support for future solutions, including pilot investigations of new pipe renovation methods, pipe condition monitoring technologies, safe and sustainable water treatment operation modes, energy recovery and biogas production. Its dynamic culture and innovative capacity demonstrate the potential to contribute significantly to the fulfilment of TRUST objectives.

Scotland has a dynamic water sector and the abundance of water resources will be harnessed more fully as a Hydro Nation to boost the Scottish economy. Developing as a Hydro Nation is a huge opportunity for Scotland. The latest carbon footprint shows a reduction of 9,000 tonnes of CO² equivalents and Scottish Water has transformed the industry in Scotland in the ten

years of its existence. It has reduced leakage on average by 39 million litres of water a day, has the lowest customer charges in the UK and has significantly improved compliance in both water and wastewater. Scottish Water is on target to be self sufficient in energy from renewable sources by 2018.

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TRANSITIONS TO THE URBAN WATER SERVICES OF TOMORROW

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the

European

Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement n° 265122.

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02

Cities of tomorrow

Participating cities in TRUST will provide the needed link between a purely scientific project and the necessary applicability in the real world.

TRUST is a very ambitious project. Transitioning from the current situation of urban water services to an ideal vision of a near future requires a clear path, the right tools and, above all, the will to make the right changes. Cities participating in TRUST share the determination of leading the way for the water services of the future. As project partners, the participating cities will be responsible for providing feedback to the different teams in the project, help in the development and testing of the new tools and, above all, implementing some of these solutions in the future.

However, the challenges in the water sector can be very different depending on the local circumstances. This is why TRUST cities represent the different realities of water in Europe. From the wet North, represented by the Scottish cities and Oslo, to the much drier environment of Southern Europe (Athens, Madrid, Reggio Emilia and Algarve) including the heart of Europe (Amsterdam, Hamburg and Bucharest) and also Schiphol airport, a small and unique city on its own.

This issue of TRUST magazine introduces all cities participating in the project and presents their vision for the future and their contribution to the project. Visit the project website for updates on their progress, access to the tools developed within the project and upcoming events.

water

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