TOPIC : TRANSPLANTATION AND donor types

PRESENTED TO :DR.NAGESH.N,ASSISTENT PROFESER,DEPT.OF BIOTECHNOLOGY,

AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE HASSAN .

PRESENTED BY : MANOJ.B.S, BLH1027.

TRANSPLANTATION

AND DONOR TYPES

DEFINATION- It can be defined as moving

of an organ from one body to another that is from donor site to patient body for the purpose of replacing recipient’s damaged , absent or missed organ.

INTRODUCTION

Transplantation medicine is one of the most challenging and complex area as it has the major problem of rejection of transplanted organ by recipient body…

During transplantation a recipient’s body has an immune response to transplanted organ and that may lead to transplant failure.

The acceptable organ donor can range from new borne infant to 80 years age.

This transplantation rejection

problem can be reduced by- -serotyping to determine the

most appropriate donor-recipient match.

-by using the immune suppressant drug.

1st heart transplantation was done in 1967 by- Christian barnard in S. Africa..

1st kidney transplantation was done in 1954 by- Joseph massay in USA.

1st steps in transplantation

1.Auto graft.2.Allografting.3.Iso graft.4.Xeno grafting. 5.Split graft .6.Domino transplants.

TYPES OF TRANSPLANTATION

It refers that transplantation of tissue within the organism’s body that is to the same body from one region to another. Eg: skin grafting

AUTO GRAFT

It refers that transplanting an organ or tissue between 2 genetically non identical members of same species.

Eg: most of the human tissue and organ transplants are known as allo grafts

ALLO GRAFTING

It refers to transplantation of an organ or tissue between 2 genetically identical organisms or identical persons.

Eg: between the twins.

ISO GRAFT

It refers to the transplantation of an organ or tissue between 2 species that is from one species to another. Eg: Porcine heart valve transplantation (It is quite common and successful but they are often dangerous)

XENO GRAFTING

Here as the name indicates donated organ is divided and used for 2 recipients.

Eg: Liver transplantation (It is usually not preferred as we know that transplantation of whole organ is only successful)

SPLIT GRAFT

It is usually performed in the cystic fibrosis patients since here both lungs and heart needs to be replaced and it is easier method of replacing both at same time

Eg: heart and lungs replacement in cystic fibrosis patients

DOMINO TRANSPLANTS

There are 2 types mainly…..

1.Living donor.2.Diseased donor.

TYPES OF DONOR

In this case donor remains alive and donates renewable tissue, cell, fluid or even may be organ or part of an organ which can be regenerated or the work load can be taken off by rest of the organ Eg: blood, skin, kidney donation

LIVING DONOR

In this case the donor is declared

as patients and their organs are kept alive or viable using ventilators and other mechanical methods until they are excised for transplantation

DISEASED DONOR

If any organ is absent or missed it can be

regained through this techniques. Damaged organs can be replaced. Many diseases related to blood, failure in

organ working etc.. can be treated by this transplantation techniques.

APLLICATIONS:

REFERECES: “ Animal biotechnology Recent Concepts and Development” -P. RAMADASS

THANK Q……