transportation and logistics industry update | spring...
TRANSCRIPT
INDUSTRY UPDATE | Spring 2020
Dear Clients and Friends,
Houlihan Lokey is pleased to present its Transportation and Logistics Spring 2020 Industry Update. As the COVID-19 curve begins to flatten, national and local governments ease restrictions and economies start to open at different rates around the globe, the outlook for subsectors within the transportation and logistics industry is varied. Coupled with unprecedented turmoil in energy markets, uncertainty is likely to persist until the duration and overall impact of recent events can be determined.
We have included in this newsletter important news stories, transaction announcements, a public markets overview, and industry insights to help you stay ahead in our dynamic and constantly evolving industry. As the market environment has shifted in light of COVID-19, so too have our conversations with clients. A pre-crisis focus on sellside M&A has given way to discussions regarding debt capital markets, liquidity preservation, and opportunistic buyside M&A strategies.We hope this quarterly update serves as a valuable resource to you in staying abreast of the market, and we look forward to staying in touch with you.
Regards,
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Houlihan Lokey Transportation and Logistics Update
Kris HopkinsDirectorHead of Transportationand [email protected]: 212.497.7856M: 617.784.7934
Phil Keffer, CFAVice PresidentTransportation and [email protected]: 212.497.7851M: 973.224.3476
Additional Contacts
Jason WeisbaumAssociate
Coleman KraemerFinancial [email protected]
Matt [email protected]
Yash SrivastavFinancial [email protected]
Houlihan Lokey245 Park Avenue, 20th Floor New York, NY 10167
Industry Subsectors Covered
Tech-Enabled Services
Rail and Related Services
Helicopter Operators and Other Aviation
Passenger Transportation
Transportation Equipment Leasing
Marine Services and Transportation
Asset-Based Trucking
Asset-Light/Third-Party Logistics
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Houlihan Lokey is the trusted advisor to more top decision makers than any other independent global investment bank.
Houlihan Lokey is the trusted advisor to more top decision-makers than any other independent global investment bank.
Corporate Finance Financial RestructuringFinancial and Valuation Advisory
No. 1 U.S. M&A Advisor
Top 10 Global M&A Advisor
Leading Capital Markets Advisor
No. 1 Global M&A Fairness Opinion Advisor Over the Past 20 Years
1,000+ Annual Valuation Engagements
No. 1 Global Investment Banking Restructuring Advisor
1,000+ Transactions Completed Valued at More Than$2.5 Trillion Collectively
Selected Transactions
2019 M&A Advisory Rankings All U.S. Transactions
Adv isor Deals
1 Houlihan Lokey 184
2 Goldman Sachs & Co 167
3 JP Morgan 141
4 Morgan Stanley 122
5 Evercore Partners 112Source: Refinitiv (formerly known as Thomson Reuters)
2000 to 2019 Global M&A Fairness Advisory Rankings
Adv isor Deals
1 Houlihan Lokey 1,057
2 JP Morgan 929
3 Duff & Phelps 734
4 Morgan Stanley 621
5 Bank of America Merrill Lynch 612Refinitiv (formerly known as Thomson Reuters). Announced or completed transactions.
has been acquired by
Sellside Advisor
has confirmed a Chapter 11 Plan of Reorganization, restructuring $700 million of debt and raising $225 million of new debt and up to $75 million of new equity
Company Advisor
has sold substantially all of its assets for $650 million, pursuant to a court-approved sale to
and secured lenders of certain debt facilities pursuant to Section 363(k) of the US Bankruptcy Code
Company Advisor
a portfolio company of
has acquired
Buyside Advisor
a joint venture of
Sellside Advisor
has been acquired by
has divested its subsidiary
Sellside Advisor
has merged with
each a portfolio company of
Fairness Opinion
has been acquired by affiliates of Solus Alternative Asset Management through an in-court asset sale pursuant to Section 363 of the Bankruptcy Code
Company Advisor
has acquired
Buyside Advisor
has confirmed a Chapter 11 Plan of Reorganization, raising $225 million pre- and post-petition financing and $385 million of equity via rights offering
Company Advisor
has completed a restructuring through English schemes of arrangement, a U.S. Chapter 15 filing and Canadian CCAA
Creditor Advisor
Series A Senior Secured Notes
Growth Capital
$50,000,000
Exclusive Financial Advisor & Placement Agent
2019 Global Distressed Debt & BankruptcyRestructuring Rankings
Advisor Deals
1 Houlihan Lokey 76
2 PJT Partners Inc 43
3 Moelis & Co 36
4 Lazard 29
5 AlixPartners 19Source: Refinitiv (formerly known as Thomson Reuters)
LOGISTICSDivided Supply Chains Are Challenging Producers, Retailers(The Wall Street Journal, April 15, 2020)“Experts say there is plenty of toilet paper and food in the U.S. But rerouting goods to consumers that were produced at industrial scale—big toilet paper rolls for college dormitories or yogurt bound for factories that churn out breakfast parfaits—involves more than a phone call or quick email exchange. … Wholesalers that sell to both retail and food-service customers can try and leverage existing relationships with grocers to offload some bulk products. But stores configured to sell consumer-size goods may not have space to store and display hefty sacks of rice and giant jars of mayonnaise.” (Link to article)
Online Grocers Are Getting a Preview of Their Future(The Wall Street Journal, March 27, 2020)“Since the pandemic began, the websites of major food retailers have been as inundated as their physical stores. … The number of U.S. households ordering groceries online roughly doubled this month to 40 million compared with levels recorded in August 2019, data released Thursday by consulting firm Brick Meets Click shows. Although supermarkets have invested heavily in their online businesses in recent years, they are not ready for current levels of demand. Infrastructure is still immature globally: 7.6% of groceries in the U.K. were bought over the web before the outbreak, while in Spain just 2.4% of sales have moved online, according to Kantar data. The U.S. has around 3.1% penetration.” (Link to article)
Costco Acquires Last-Mile Specialist Innovel for $1 Billion(Supermarket News, March 17, 2020)“Boosting its last-mile capabilities, Costco Wholesale Corp. has bought third-party delivery and logistics provider Innovel Solutions for $1 billion in cash. … Innovel has for decades provided Sears with ‘final mile’ delivery of big and bulky products, along with installation and ‘white glove’ support services, across the United States and Puerto Rico. More recently, Innovel has begun serving other customers, including Costco since 2015. Products delivered and serviced by Innovel include major appliances, furniture, mattresses, televisions, grills, patio, fitness equipment and wine cellars.” (Link to article)
CRST Buys New Jersey-Based Final-Mile Logistics Company NAL Group(Transport Topics, March 3, 2020)“CRST International on March 2 announced it had acquired final-mile specialist NAL Group. Financial terms of the agreement were not made public. NAL Group is headquartered in Edison, N.J., and most of the company’s business is in warehousing services and final-mile delivery of big and bulky consumer durables, complex in-home installation and assembly services and express courier services.” (Link to article)
ASSET-BASED TRUCKINGFor America’s Small Truckers, Demand Is ‘Falling Off a Cliff’(The Wall Street Journal, April 21, 2020)“Sam Trucking is among thousands of small trucking companies that move the vast majority of the goods in U.S. freight markets. With light cash flow, limited reserves and uncertain access to credit, many of those carriers now are struggling under an upheaval in shipping markets created by lockdowns on economic activity meant to control the coronavirus pandemic. … Fleets of all sizes are getting hit by the downturn, and some big national trucking companies are slashing executive pay and pulling back spending.” (Link to article)
Significant News Stories
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MARINEOil Traders Are Scrambling to Book Tankers for Storage(The Wall Street Journal, April 21, 2020)“The growing surplus of oil on world markets has traders racing to find supertankers to use for storage, pushing rates for the mammoth vessels sharply higher even as prices for crude continue to dive. … Robert HvideMacleod, chief executive of Norway-based Frontline Management AS, one of the world’s biggest tanker owners, said average daily freight rates for VLCCs are hovering at around $150,000, compared with average rates of about $10,000 a day in April 2019. … Daily freight rates are far above the average $25,000 daily break-even costs for VLCCs, but shipping executives say they expect the windfall won’t last long because crumbling oil prices will push producers to slash output in the coming months.” (Link to article)
Maersk Buying US Warehousing and Distribution Company(American Shipper, February 19, 2020)“A.P. Møller – Maersk said Wednesday it had agreed to buy U.S. warehousing and distribution firm Performance Team in a $545 million deal. … ‘With this acquisition we invest in premium operational capabilities to significantly boost our existing Warehousing and Distribution offering. This will strengthen our ability to deliver products and solutions that meet our customers’ end-to-end supply chain needs,’ Maersk Ocean and Logistics CEO Vincent Clerc said in a statement. … Maersk said it is targeting the Warehousing and Distribution component to offer more supply chain options and flexibility to its Ocean customers and noted that e-commerce in North America is growing at a rate of 12% annually.” (Link to article)
AUTOMOBILESAutomakers Will Need Months to Restart Factories(Transport Topics, April 15, 2020)“Automakers are anxious to get their assembly lines rolling again, especially since leaving factories idle is costing them billions of dollars by the week. But the experience many of them have had in China illustrates just how long a slog it’s going to be before plants are producing at anywhere near pre-shutdown levels. It took almost two months for most of China’s industry to return to some semblance of normalcy—and that was with the benefit of mobile apps the government installed on citizens’ cellphones to track their movements and potential exposure to COVID-19 infected people.” (Link to article)
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT LEASINGStonepeak Infrastructure Partners to Acquire TRAC Intermodal(American Shipper, February 20, 2020)“Private equity firm Stonepeak Infrastructure Partners, which is based in New York City, has signed an agreement to acquire TRAC Intermodal from a Fortress Investment Group affiliate. Financial terms for the agreement, which is subject to customary closing conditions and regulatory approvals, were not disclosed. TRAC’s existing management team will remain to run the business, TRAC said on Feb. 18. Both parties will benefit from the acquisition, according to Princeton, New Jersey-based TRAC. Stonepeak’s support will enable TRAC to grow the company’s presence in North America. TRAC operates 180,000 marine chassis nationwide, with an operating footprint of over 650 locations. TRAC also has three subsidiaries: TRAC Tire Services, which supplies tires and parts; FYX, an emergency fleet roadside assistance offering; and TRAC Services, which provides maintenance, repair and depot services to intermodal and over-the-road customers.” (Link to article)
Significant News Stories (cont.)
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AVIATION AND AIR CARGOFAA Issues Guidance for Cargo in Passenger Cabin(American Shipper, April 16, 2020)“The Federal Aviation Administration is giving airlines the greenlight to carry cargo in the passenger cabin to maximize efficiency and relaxing takeoff and landing quotas at congested airports. The agency on Thursday issued guidelines for commercial carriers to follow if they transport cargo in stowage bins, passenger seats or on the floor, with the seats removed. The safety alert essentially tells carriers they can carry shipments up top as long as they adhere to all regulatory requirements for the safe carriage of cargo. Passenger cabins are not designed for all-cargo configurations, but the rules allow goods to be carried there if all normal requirements for the safe carriage of cargo are followed.” (Link to article)
Crippled Airline Industry to Get $25 Billion Bailout, Part of It as Loans(The New York Times, April 14, 2020)“The Trump administration has reached an agreement in principle with major airlines over the terms of a $25 billion bailout to prop up an industry hobbled by the coronavirus pandemic. … The stimulus, passed late last month, largely incorporated the assistance that the industry had sought, including the $25 billion in payroll support and another $25 billion in loans for passenger airlines and more than $10 billion in grants and loans for cargo airlines and aviation contractors. But the aid came with some strings attached, including giving Mr. Mnuchin the authority to take an equity stake in airlines that receive the grants. Treasury officials determined that 70 percent of the grants to airlines would benefit taxpayers through payroll and income tax receipts and by reducing the unemployment insurance payments that the government would have paid to airline workers had they lost their jobs. The remaining 30 percent would not directly benefit taxpayers, and therefore would be repaid as a loan over a period of 10 years, a senior Treasury official said on Tuesday.” (Link to article)
TECH-ENABLED SERVICESLyft Launches ‘Essential Deliveries,’ but It’s Not an Uber Eats Competitor(Fast Company, April 15, 2020)“As demand for rides plummets during the coronavirus pandemic, Lyft says it’s now delivering food, medical supplies, and other necessities with a new pilot service called ‘Essential Deliveries.’ And, no, it’s currently not a clone of Uber Eats. Instead, Lyft is recruiting drivers to deliver ‘meals, groceries, life-sustaining medical supplies, hygiene products and home necessities’ for nonprofit groups, government agencies, and—Lyft wrote on its blog—’businesses and healthcare organizations.’ Lyft says the deliveries will be ‘contact-free,’ and it plans to pay drivers as if they were fulfilling standard rides.” (Link to article)
FourKites Buys Yard Management Suite From TrackX Solutions(Logistics Management, March 25, 2020)“Chicago-based FourKites, a provider of real-time tracking and visibility solutions across transportation modes and digital platforms, said today it has acquired the yard management service offerings from Denver-based TrackX Holdings Inc., an enterprise asset management company deploying SaaS-based solutions geared towards the tracking and managing of physical assets. A purchase price was not disclosed. FourKites officials said that this acquisition will enable it to develop a new supply chain visibility offering focused on extending real-time visibility into the yard, with TrackX’s Yard Management, Dock Management, and Gate Control solutions, which are the key components of the acquisition.” (Link to article)
Significant News Stories (cont.)
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Recent M&A TransactionsAnnounced
DateAcquirer Target Target
DescriptionTarget Sector
Transaction Value ($M)
Sources: S&P Capital IQ, Mergermarket
Apr-20 Prologis Logistics Facilities of Nippon Express
Four Japanese logistics facilities Logistics $477
Apr-20 Rhenus Freight Forwarding Business of L.W. Cretschmar
Provides freight forwarding services Logistics N/A
Apr-20 Alpine Air Express Inc. (AE Industrials)
Substantially All Assets of Great Lakes Aviation, Ltd.
Regional airline company headquartered in Cheyenne, WY Aviation N/A
Apr-20 J.H. Rose Logistics, LLC Stagecoach Cartage and Distribution, LLC (Roadrunner Transportation Systems)
Provides transportation and warehousing services Logistics N/A
Mar-20 FourKites, Inc. Yard Management Business of TrackX Holdings Inc.
Provides yard management services Logistics N/A
Mar-20 Central Freight Lines, Inc. Volunteer Express, Inc. Provides truckload freight services Logistics N/A
Mar-20 The Jordan Company, L.P. Transportation Impact LLC Provides small parcel negotiations and freight management services
Logistics N/A
Mar-20 VeeZu Limited Go Beyond Group Ltd Develops and offers Go Carz, an application for booking and hiring taxis
Passenger Transportation
N/A
Mar-20 Bulkmatic Transport Company Inc.
Assets of Paris Transport Inc.
Provides logistics services through its trucks, dry vans, and pneumatics tanks for hauling local grain products
Logistics N/A
Mar-20 Costco Wholesale Corporation
Innovel Solutions, Inc. (Transform Holdco LLC)
Provides supply chain solutions to retail, manufacturing, commercial, and military markets in the U.S.
Logistics $1,000
Mar-20 XPO Logistics Majority of Contract Logistics Operations in the UK of Kuehne + Nagel International
Provides integrated logistics services in the U.K. Logistics N/A
Mar-20 National Express Limited Lucketts Travel Ltd Provides coach and bus travel services Passenger Transportation
N/A
Mar-20 American Trailer Rental Group (Milton Street Capital)
Advantage Trailer, LLC Provides semi-trailer rental and sales services Equipment Leasing N/A
Mar-20 CRST International, Inc. NAL Group, Inc. (Graycliff Partners)
Provides last-mile delivery, dispatch, simple and complex installation, warehousing, and direct fulfillment services
Logistics N/A
Mar-20 TFI International Inc. Courier Services Business Of R. R. Donnelley & Sons Company
Provides courier services to the pharmaceutical, healthcare, retail, financial, and transportation industries
Logistics N/A
Mar-20 WillScot Corporation (TDR Capital)
Mobile Mini, Inc. Provides portable storage and specialty containment solutions Equipment Leasing $2,176
Feb-20 Blue-Grace Logistics LLC (Warburg Pincus)
Anthym Logistics, LLC Provides freight brokerage services Logistics N/A
Feb-20 Errands Plus, Inc. U.S. Business of Addison Lee
Provides private taxicab and courier services Passenger Transportation
N/A
Feb-20 Team Drive-Away, Inc. (United Road)
IXT Logistics, LLC Provides drive-away truck transportation services Asset-Based Trucking N/A
Feb-20 Team Drive-Away, Inc. (United Road)
Transportation Booking Services LLC
Truck transportation company that offers single unit relocation drive-away services
Specialty Trucking N/A
Feb-20 Atlas Logistics, Inc. (Altas World Group)
TopHAT Logistical Solutions, LLC
Provides commercial logistics services Logistics N/A
Feb-20 Surf Air Inc. Blackbird Air Inc. Online aviation marketplace that connects passengers, private plane owners, and charter operators
Aviation N/A
Feb-20 A.P. Møller - Mærsk A/S Performance Team LLC Provides logistics and transportation services Logistics $545
Feb-20 Stonepeak Partners LP TRAC Intermodal Holding Corp. (Fortress Investment Group)
Operates as a marine chassis pool manager and equipment provider
Marine N/A
Public Markets Overview
Note: All data as of April 27, 2020. Source: S&P Capital IQ
Median TEV/LTM EBITDA
12-Month Indexed Stock Price Performance
10.6%
8
11.1x
6.4x
9.6x
12.8x
8.8x 7.8x 7.4x
8.9x
7.0x
10.5x 11.5x
8.6x
4.5x 4.5x
Logistics Asset-BasedTrucking
Marine Rail TransportationEquipment
Leasing
Aviation PassengerTransportation
April 2019 April 2020
(3.5%)(8.1%)
(11.2%)
(23.5%)(25.8%)(28.7%)
(42.3%)
(57.3%)
(70%)
(50%)
(30%)
(10%)
10%
30%
Apr-19 Jul-19 Oct-19 Jan-20 Apr-20
Logistics Asset-Based TruckingMarine RailTransportation Equipment Leasing AviationPassenger Transportation S&P 500Dow Jones Transportation Index
9
Macroeconomic Data
Quarter on Quarter Real GDP Growth(1)(2) Inventory/Sales Ratio(1)
Housing Starts (000s)(1)(2) ISM Manufacturing Index(1)
Consumer Price Index Consumer Sentiment Index
Source: Institute for Supply Management
Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis
Source: United States Census Bureau
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
(1) Seasonally adjusted.(2) Annualized.
∆ MoM: (0.2)%∆ YoY: +1.5%
∆ MoM: (11.8%)∆ YoY: (9.5%)
∆ MoM: +0.0%∆ YoY: (1.4%)
∆ MoM: (22.3%)∆ YoY: +1.4%
∆ MoM: (1.0%)∆ YoY: (6.2%)
Source: University of MichiganSource: Bureau of Labor Statistics
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
6%
1.30
1.34
1.38
1.42
900
1,000
1,100
1,200
1,300
1,400
1,500
1,600
1,700
42%
44%
46%
48%
50%
52%
54%
56%
58%
60%
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
10
Relevant Transportation and Logistics Sector Data
Cass Freight Index Intermodal Volume (000s of Containers)(1)
ATA Tonnage Index(1) Driver Turnover(2)
Diesel and Gasoline Prices ($/gal) Class 8 Tractor Orders(3)
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration
Source: American Trucking Association
Source: FTR Transportation Intelligence
Source: American Trucking Association
Source: Association of American RailroadsSource: Cass Information Systems, Inc.
(1) Seasonally adjusted.(2) Annualized driver turnover for truckload fleets with more than $30 million in annual revenue.(3) Total North American Class 8 orders includes U.S., Canada, Mexico, and North America export sales.
Expenditures
∆ MoM: (1.6%)∆ YoY: (7.9%)
Shipments∆ MoM: +0.0%∆ YoY: (8.9%)
Expenditures∆ MoM: (4.8%)∆ YoY: (11.7%)
∆ QoQ: +9.0%∆ YoY: +9.0%
Gasoline∆ QoQ: (25.7%)∆ YoY: (33.3%)
Diesel∆ QoQ: (17.5%)∆ YoY: (20.3%)
∆ QoQ: (63.0%)∆ YoY: (51.3%)
∆ MoM: +1.1%∆ YoY: +6.4%
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.0
3.2
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
Shipments Expenditures
1,000
1,100
1,200
1,300
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
65%
70%
75%
80%
85%
90%
95%
100%
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
$1.00
$1.50
$2.00
$2.50
$3.00
$3.50
$4.00
$4.50
U.S. Retail Diesel Prices
U.S. Retail Gasoline Prices
11
Public ComparablesLogistics and Asset-Based Trucking
Source: S&P Capital IQ(1) ROIC defined as NOPAT over average total assets less cash, goodwill, and accounts payable.
Logistics
Asset-Based Trucking($ in millions, except per-share prices) As of 4/27/20 % of 52- Total LTM TEV/
Company Name Stock PriceWeek High
Equity Value
Enterprise Value Revenue
Operating Ratio EBITDA
EBITDA Margin ROIC(1) Net Debt
Debt/ EBITDA
LTM EBITDA
NFY EBITDA
Less-Than-Truckload
ArcBest Corporation $19.65 60.5% $473.5 $551.7 $2,988.3 97.4% $188.3 6.3% 4.4% $78.2 2.1x 2.9x 3.3xOld Dominion Freight Line, Inc. 142.81 94.3% 16,823.3 16,511.4 4,105.7 79.9% 1,077.5 26.2% 14.3% (312.0) 0.0x 15.3x 16.7xSaia, Inc. 85.60 80.0% 2,102.7 2,344.1 1,786.7 91.5% 271.3 15.2% 7.7% 241.4 0.9x 8.6x 8.4xYRC Worldwide Inc. 1.58 20.6% 58.3 1,181.9 4,871.2 99.8% 160.0 3.3% 0.3% 1,123.6 7.7x 7.4x 8.4xSpecialty Trucking
Marten Transport, Ltd. $23.55 99.0% $1,208.7 $1,173.2 $862.9 92.1% $164.5 19.1% 5.7% ($35.5) 0.0x 7.1x 6.9xMullen Group Ltd. 3.55 46.8% 363.9 761.0 901.0 93.0% 134.3 14.9% 4.0% 394.9 3.4x 5.7x 7.0xTFI International Inc. 26.75 77.4% 2,244.4 3,566.3 3,660.5 91.2% 528.1 14.4% 10.5% 1,314.4 2.7x 6.8x 6.9xTruckload
Covenant Transportation Group, Inc. $8.32 39.9% $126.6 $431.2 $894.5 98.2% $96.6 10.8% 1.3% $304.6 3.6x 4.5x 5.3xDaseke, Inc. 1.54 27.3% 91.7 858.8 1,737.0 99.8% 155.8 9.0% 0.2% 702.1 5.1x 5.5x 5.5xHeartland Express, Inc. 20.43 90.0% 1,609.0 1,544.8 623.6 89.7% 167.7 26.9% 6.6% (64.2) N/M 9.2x 8.4xJ.B. Hunt Transport Services, Inc. 104.65 85.6% 10,714.8 11,969.1 9,356.5 92.0% 1,248.2 13.3% 9.5% 1,254.3 1.0x 9.6x 10.2xKnight-Swift Transportation Holdings Inc. 37.38 92.4% 6,091.5 7,046.2 4,764.2 91.2% 893.6 18.8% 5.0% 952.5 1.2x 7.9x 8.1xP.A.M. Transportation Services, Inc. 33.70 47.1% 170.3 391.9 514.6 97.4% 69.1 13.4% 4.2% 221.6 3.6x 5.7x 4.5xSchneider National, Inc. 22.12 90.7% 3,719.5 3,563.5 4,747.0 92.7% 638.6 13.5% 7.5% (156.0) 0.7x 5.6x 6.3xUSA Truck, Inc. 4.69 30.2% 34.6 225.0 522.6 99.4% 40.2 7.7% 0.6% 190.5 4.7x 5.6x 5.9xU.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc. 4.32 61.2% 191.5 858.8 1,707.4 98.5% 111.6 6.5% 1.7% 666.7 6.0x 7.7x 7.3xWerner Enterprises, Inc. 41.99 99.1% 2,769.7 3,055.0 2,463.7 91.7% 453.4 18.4% 6.2% 285.3 0.7x 6.7x 7.0x
Median $1,786.7 92.7% $167.7 13.5% 5.0% $285.3 2.4x 6.8x 7.0xMean $2,735.7 93.9% $376.4 14.0% 5.3% $421.3 2.7x 7.2x 7.4x
($ in millions, except per-share prices) As of 4/27/20 % of 52- Total LTM TEV/
Company Name Stock PriceWeek High
Equity Value
Enterprise Value Revenue
Gross Margin EBITDA
EBITDA Margin ROIC(1) Net Debt
Debt/ EBITDA
LTM EBITDA
NFY EBITDA
Asset-Light/Third-Party Logistics
Agility Public Warehousing Company K.S.C.P. $1.82 86.3% $3,022.9 $4,147.6 $5,207.4 32.2% $497.5 9.6% 5.1% $991.6 2.9x 8.3x 6.3xC.H. Robinson Worldwide, Inc. 74.04 81.2% 9,724.4 10,832.6 15,309.5 8.4% 873.4 5.7% 25.4% 1,108.2 1.8x 12.4x 15.1xCJ Logistics Corporation 122.55 88.8% 2,224.7 5,047.9 9,021.4 9.2% 629.7 7.0% 2.8% 2,418.4 4.3x 8.0x 8.8xDSV Panalpina A/S 98.14 84.1% 22,048.6 24,729.0 14,222.2 25.1% 1,085.0 7.6% 15.8% 2,786.3 2.9x 22.8x 15.7xEcho Global Logistics, Inc. 16.56 67.6% 440.7 605.5 2,197.9 17.2% 47.5 2.2% 5.3% 164.8 4.3x 12.8x 9.9xExpeditors International of Washington, Inc. 72.29 88.5% 12,143.9 11,307.3 8,175.4 12.8% 817.6 10.0% 28.8% (838.8) 0.5x 13.8x 14.9xForward Air Corporation 52.00 72.1% 1,458.9 1,620.0 1,410.4 23.4% 160.2 11.4% 12.2% 161.1 1.4x 10.1x 13.2xHub Group, Inc. 48.55 80.4% 1,647.8 1,802.6 3,668.1 14.2% 269.3 7.3% 8.4% 154.8 1.2x 6.7x 7.3xKerry Logistics Network Limited 1.30 68.6% 2,324.1 3,595.5 5,281.6 13.1% 427.5 8.1% 4.5% 743.7 3.6x 8.4x 7.3xKintetsu World Express, Inc. 14.28 75.3% 1,026.7 1,729.2 5,106.3 17.0% 306.4 6.0% 6.2% 599.4 4.4x 5.6x 5.6xKuehne + Nagel International AG 139.90 81.2% 16,759.0 18,009.8 21,554.7 37.9% 1,220.5 5.7% 9.3% 1,259.9 1.8x 14.8x 12.0xLandstar System, Inc. 108.03 90.1% 4,145.2 4,072.2 3,984.2 21.3% 315.3 7.9% 22.4% (72.9) 0.4x 12.9x 16.3xRadiant Logistics, Inc. 4.02 55.3% 199.7 245.2 813.2 20.0% 35.7 4.4% 8.6% 45.3 1.5x 6.9x 7.2xUniversal Logistics Holdings, Inc. 13.93 50.7% 378.3 908.0 1,512.0 17.4% 164.9 10.9% 8.3% 529.7 3.3x 5.5x 6.7xWincanton plc 2.98 75.2% 368.7 540.7 1,417.6 6.5% 82.3 5.8% 51.3% 170.3 2.7x 6.6x 4.3xXPO Logistics, Inc. 66.47 66.4% 6,055.8 13,407.8 16,648.0 16.0% 1,617.0 9.7% 7.5% 7,158.0 4.7x 8.3x 8.1xParcel DeliveryDeutsche Post AG $28.98 76.4% $35,753.2 $50,915.2 $71,359.0 15.8% $5,431.5 7.6% 6.7% $15,394.5 3.5x 9.4x 5.9xFedEx Corporation 127.29 66.8% 33,254.5 64,930.5 69,666.0 20.7% 4,019.0 5.8% 0.6% 31,676.0 8.3x 16.2x 9.7xPostNL N.V. 1.54 60.1% 758.4 1,281.8 3,191.6 14.3% 246.9 7.7% 7.7% 538.7 4.4x 5.2x 4.1xRoyal Mail plc 1.87 57.6% 1,871.9 3,600.9 13,340.3 36.8% 1,056.6 7.9% 5.4% 1,714.2 1.9x 3.4x 3.4xUnited Parcel Service, Inc. 102.55 81.8% 88,033.7 110,487.7 74,094.0 18.4% 7,896.0 10.7% 8.4% 22,438.0 3.6x 14.0x 12.0xZTO Express (Cayman) Inc. 29.23 98.7% 22,913.2 20,682.2 3,175.4 29.9% 966.2 30.4% 16.5% (2,245.5) 0.1x 21.4x 17.9x
Median $5,244.5 17.3% $563.6 7.7% 8.3% $671.5 2.9x 8.9x 8.4xMean $15,925.3 19.4% $1,280.3 8.6% 12.1% $3,949.8 2.9x 10.6x 9.6x
12
Public ComparablesMarine and Rail
Marine
Rail
Source: S&P Capital IQ(1) ROIC defined as NOPAT over average total assets less cash, goodwill, and accounts payable.
($ in millions, except per-share prices) As of 4/27/20 % of 52- Total LTM TEV/
Company Name Stock PriceWeek High
Equity Value
Enterprise Value Revenue
Gross Margin EBITDA
EBITDA Margin ROIC(1) Net Debt
Debt/ EBITDA
LTM EBITDA
NFY EBITDA
Canadian National Railway Company $81.00 88.9% $56,313.0 $66,411.6 $10,524.6 54.2% $5,356.1 50.9% 8.4% $10,701.0 2.1x 12.4x 13.5xCanadian Pacific Railway Limited 230.32 88.5% 31,102.7 38,072.4 5,692.0 57.7% 3,159.2 55.5% 10.5% 6,930.1 2.2x 12.1x 13.7xCSX Corporation 66.41 82.3% 48,852.0 63,608.0 11,779.0 53.1% 6,260.0 53.1% 8.3% 14,739.0 2.8x 10.2x 11.2xKansas City Southern 131.90 73.9% 12,486.6 16,020.6 2,922.9 51.1% 1,473.7 50.4% 7.3% 3,204.5 2.2x 10.9x 11.5xNorfolk Southern Corporation 166.87 75.9% 41,311.6 53,745.6 11,296.0 45.9% 5,191.0 46.0% 6.9% 12,434.0 2.5x 10.4x 11.2xUnion Pacific Corporation 158.96 84.1% 105,917.7 134,268.7 21,553.0 56.0% 11,012.0 51.1% 8.8% 28,351.0 2.7x 12.2x 13.3x
Median $10,910.3 53.7% $5,273.6 51.0% 8.4% $11,567.5 2.4x 11.5x 12.4xMean $10,627.9 53.0% $5,408.7 51.2% 8.4% $12,726.6 2.4x 11.3x 12.4x
($ in millions, except per-share prices)As of 4/27/20 % of 52- Total LTM TEV/
Company Name Stock PriceWeek High
Equity Value
Enterprise Value Revenue
Gross Margin EBITDA
EBITDA Margin ROIC(1) Net Debt
Debt/ EBITDA
LTM EBITDA
NFY EBITDA
Container
A.P. Møller - Mærsk A/S $930.48 60.7% $17,846.6 $30,158.9 $38,890.0 15.0% $4,456.0 11.5% 2.2% $11,983.0 3.8x 6.8x 5.9xCOSCO SHIPPING Development Co., Ltd. 0.10 70.3% 2,553.4 17,047.1 2,043.6 24.4% 736.5 36.0% 1.0% 14,421.0 21.7x 23.1x N/M Evergreen Marine Corporation (Taiwan) Ltd. 0.34 69.4% 1,632.9 6,363.5 6,371.0 7.6% 438.8 6.9% 1.2% 4,635.5 13.6x 14.5x 12.9xHapag-Lloyd Aktiengesellschaft 135.23 100.0% 23,881.6 30,274.0 14,148.7 17.6% 1,673.5 11.8% 3.8% 6,604.8 4.3x 18.1x 17.6xAtlas Corp. 7.45 51.0% 1,748.3 6,114.2 1,131.5 66.1% 709.2 62.7% 3.9% 4,365.6 6.4x 8.6x 7.8xYang Ming Marine Transport Corporation 0.19 61.7% 492.3 3,288.0 4,986.8 4.1% 157.5 3.2% (0.6%) 2,788.9 21.6x 20.9x 11.5xDry Bulk
Diana Shipping Inc. $1.82 43.9% $144.4 $512.1 $220.7 52.8% $83.8 38.0% 2.3% $367.7 5.7x 6.1x 9.6xEagle Bulk Shipping Inc. 1.58 26.7% 113.5 527.3 292.4 27.4% 38.9 13.3% 0.3% 413.8 12.0x 13.6x 6.6xGenco Shipping & Trading Limited 5.81 49.2% 233.6 572.0 389.5 26.7% 66.5 17.1% (0.0%) 338.3 7.4x 8.6x 6.0xNavios Maritime Holdings Inc. 2.27 28.1% 28.6 1,942.5 482.4 42.2% 174.6 36.2% 2.0% 1,798.7 10.8x 11.1x N/M Safe Bulkers, Inc. 1.09 45.8% 112.5 624.4 197.8 58.7% 94.4 47.7% 2.7% 494.7 6.4x 6.6x 9.7xOffshore Vessel Operators
Bourbon Corporation SA $4.02 62.1% $311.3 $2,881.6 $740.7 38.4% ($82.8) (11.2%) (5.2%) $2,608.7 N/M N/M N/M Tidewater Inc. 5.80 23.1% 230.2 307.3 486.5 31.8% 37.9 7.8% (1.7%) 75.4 7.8x 8.1x 6.0xJones Act
American Shipping Company ASA $2.48 69.9% $150.3 $584.4 $87.8 100.0% $84.7 96.4% 4.2% $521.6 6.7x 6.9x 6.5xKirby Corporation 51.03 55.3% 2,941.6 4,456.4 2,838.4 28.5% 462.2 16.3% 3.1% 1,511.8 3.3x 9.6x 9.4xMatson, Inc. 31.04 73.6% 1,227.9 2,429.7 2,203.1 14.8% 211.4 9.6% 3.3% 1,201.8 5.8x 11.5x 10.1xSEACOR Holdings Inc. 26.38 51.3% 525.8 900.2 800.0 27.0% 110.8 13.9% 2.0% 373.6 4.1x 8.1x 8.3xTanker
Ardmore Shipping Corporation $7.13 72.8% $211.6 $584.4 $230.0 29.0% $48.5 21.1% 1.3% $372.7 8.8x 12.1x 6.7xCapital Product Partners L.P. 9.97 70.2% 180.7 390.3 108.4 69.1% 83.8 77.3% 2.4% 201.0 3.1x 4.7x 4.3xFrontline Ltd. 10.78 80.9% 2,095.5 3,983.7 956.6 41.4% 352.9 36.9% 4.5% 1,887.9 5.9x 11.3x 4.8xGasLog Ltd. 3.59 21.5% 306.1 4,351.7 664.4 75.4% 447.9 67.4% 3.6% 3,084.1 7.5x 9.7x 8.8xNavigator Holdings Ltd. 6.53 46.7% 353.9 1,111.0 301.4 44.7% 100.9 33.5% 1.1% 757.0 8.2x 11.0x 8.6xScorpio Tankers Inc. 26.64 65.9% 1,377.8 4,297.9 704.3 56.7% 291.4 41.4% 1.7% 2,920.1 10.7x 14.7x 6.6xTeekay Corporation 4.19 72.7% 385.0 7,053.8 1,945.4 39.0% 633.7 32.6% 3.0% 4,579.0 7.8x 11.1x N/M Tsakos Energy Navigation Limited 4.02 86.3% 331.0 1,756.8 597.5 47.0% 242.3 40.5% 2.3% 1,386.2 6.5x 7.3x 4.5x
Median $704.3 38.4% $174.6 32.6% 2.2% $1,511.8 7.1x 10.4x 7.8xMean $3,272.8 39.4% $466.2 30.7% 1.8% $2,787.7 8.3x 11.0x 8.2x
13
Public ComparablesLeasing, Aviation, and Passenger Transportation
Transportation Equipment Leasing
Aviation
Source: S&P Capital IQ(1) ROIC defined as NOPAT over average total assets less cash, goodwill, and accounts payable.
Passenger Transportation
($ in millions, except per-share prices) As of 4/27/20 % of 52- Total LTM TEV/
Company Name Stock PriceWeek High
Equity Value
Enterprise Value Revenue
Gross Margin EBITDA
EBITDA Margin ROIC(1) Net Debt
Debt/ EBITDA
LTM EBITDA
NFY EBITDA
AMERCO $275.08 64.5% $4,951.8 $8,825.4 $3,882.9 30.4% $1,194.2 30.8% 3.1% $4,025.7 3.9x 7.4x 8.8xBrambles Limited 7.26 83.4% 11,048.8 12,460.8 4,898.0 35.6% 1,405.0 28.7% 10.5% 1,534.8 1.8x 8.9x 8.0xCAI International, Inc. 14.84 50.2% 241.0 2,403.8 416.5 43.9% 136.7 32.8% 2.8% 2,058.9 15.4x 17.6x 10.0xGATX Corporation 58.94 68.5% 1,958.7 7,043.3 1,393.8 62.2% 657.3 47.2% 2.5% 5,084.6 8.0x 10.7x 9.7xRyder System, Inc. 30.37 46.2% 1,458.0 9,532.8 8,925.8 17.9% 2,170.8 24.3% 2.4% 8,074.9 3.8x 4.4x 4.4xTextainer Group Holdings Limited 7.47 63.6% 396.6 4,067.5 707.5 73.0% 476.3 67.3% 2.7% 3,644.7 8.0x 8.5x 9.4xTriton International Limited 29.69 72.8% 2,047.1 9,086.6 1,363.4 93.7% 1,232.7 90.4% 4.2% 6,484.5 5.6x 7.4x 8.1x
Median $1,393.8 43.9% $1,194.2 32.8% 2.8% $4,025.7 5.6x 8.5x 8.8xMean $3,084.0 51.0% $1,039.0 45.9% 4.0% $4,415.4 6.6x 9.3x 8.4x
($ in millions, except per-share prices) As of 4/27/20 % of 52- Total LTM TEV/
Company Name Stock PriceWeek High
Equity Value
Enterprise Value Revenue
Gross Margin EBITDA
EBITDA Margin ROIC(1) Net Debt
Debt/ EBITDA
LTM EBITDA
NFY EBITDA
Airlines
Air Canada $13.55 36.1% $3,376.9 $5,755.9 $14,749.8 32.1% $2,124.8 14.4% 6.3% $2,585.1 3.4x 2.7x N/M Alaska Air Group, Inc. 27.85 38.6% 3,433.6 5,128.6 8,781.0 28.4% 1,494.0 17.0% 7.6% 1,695.0 2.2x 3.4x 19.5xAllegiant Travel Company 69.62 38.0% 1,118.5 2,106.5 1,841.0 36.6% 473.1 25.7% 9.3% 988.0 3.1x 4.5x 12.3xAmerican Airlines Group Inc. 10.02 28.6% 4,392.7 34,010.7 45,768.0 27.4% 6,207.0 13.6% 4.7% 29,618.0 5.4x 5.5x N/M Delta Air Lines, Inc. 22.16 34.9% 14,235.9 32,337.9 45,127.0 25.8% 7,627.0 16.9% 6.6% 18,102.0 3.2x 4.2x N/M Hawaiian Holdings, Inc. 11.52 36.8% 525.7 1,269.2 2,832.2 27.1% 458.8 16.2% 6.7% 743.5 3.0x 2.8x N/M JetBlue Airways Corporation 8.12 37.5% 2,144.2 3,968.2 8,094.0 33.8% 1,287.0 15.9% 4.9% 1,824.0 2.4x 3.1x N/M SkyWest, Inc. 27.11 40.8% 1,295.1 4,122.1 2,972.0 38.6% 902.2 30.4% 5.8% 2,827.0 3.7x 4.6x 6.6xSouthwest Airlines Co. 29.11 49.5% 14,922.2 14,852.2 22,428.0 31.3% 3,990.0 17.8% 9.0% (70.0) 1.0x 3.7x N/M Spirit Airlines, Inc. 12.25 22.2% 831.7 3,305.4 3,830.5 34.6% 674.4 17.6% 6.3% 2,473.7 5.3x 4.9x 26.0xUnited Airlines Holdings, Inc. 25.00 26.0% 7,323.1 22,829.1 43,259.0 34.2% 6,721.0 15.5% 7.0% 15,506.0 3.0x 3.4x N/M Airport Services
Air Transport Services Group, Inc. $19.58 76.5% $1,165.6 $2,657.5 $1,452.2 40.8% $436.1 30.0% 4.8% $1,492.0 3.5x 6.1x 5.7xSignature Aviation plc 2.10 41.4% 1,736.2 3,810.8 2,260.5 20.0% 406.0 18.0% 4.8% 2,209.6 5.7x 9.4x 9.2xFraport AG 40.26 46.9% 3,720.1 9,136.3 4,201.2 35.4% 1,250.6 29.8% 3.8% 5,407.4 5.1x 7.3x 15.4xSATS Ltd. 2.12 55.2% 2,370.8 2,562.0 1,471.8 31.8% 256.6 17.4% 7.7% 64.6 0.9x 10.0x 12.2xHelicopter Operators
Era Group Inc. 4.67 39.0% 93.8 149.0 226.1 31.6% 33.2 14.7% (0.4%) 52.4 5.1x 4.5x 2.4x
Median $4,015.9 32.0% $1,076.4 17.2% 6.3% $2,016.8 3.3x 4.5x 12.2xMean $13,080.9 31.8% $2,146.4 19.4% 5.9% $5,344.9 3.5x 5.0x 12.2x
($ in millions, except per-share prices) As of 4/27/20 % of 52- Total LTM TEV/
Company Name Stock PriceWeek High
Equity Value
Enterprise Value Revenue
Operating Ratio EBITDA
EBITDA Margin ROIC(1) Net Debt
Debt/ EBITDA
LTM EBITDA
NFY EBITDA
ComfortDelGro Corporation Limited $1.03 50.3% $2,228.7 $2,692.2 $2,903.9 88.7% $624.0 21.5% 6.7% $181.2 1.0x 4.3x 4.9xFirstGroup plc 0.77 44.4% 929.1 3,526.2 9,046.9 98.0% 616.8 6.8% 2.3% 2,610.1 5.4x 5.7x 2.7xLyft, Inc. 34.32 50.2% 9,800.2 7,426.4 3,616.0 174.7% (2,594.1) N/M N/M (2,373.8) N/M N/M N/M National Express Group PLC 2.86 47.4% 1,458.0 3,156.8 3,634.7 91.9% 534.8 14.7% 7.3% 1,760.9 4.5x 5.9x 6.3xStagecoach Group plc 0.94 45.3% 516.3 1,007.7 2,143.9 92.4% 299.9 14.0% 7.3% 508.1 2.2x 3.4x 3.8xThe Go-Ahead Group plc 14.81 51.7% 636.8 1,192.5 5,053.0 97.0% 265.9 5.3% 12.2% 544.5 5.1x 4.5x 1.7xUber Technologies, Inc. 30.08 63.9% 50,938.0 48,457.0 14,147.0 160.8% (8,146.0) (57.6%) (27.7%) (3,474.0) N/M N/M N/M
Median $3,634.7 97.0% $299.9 10.4% 7.0% $508.1 4.5x 4.5x 3.8xMean $5,792.2 114.8% ($1,199.8) 0.8% 1.3% ($34.7) 3.6x 4.8x 3.9x
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