treatment of urban water runoff biofiltration using a bioswale robert ryan uc santa barbara 11/30/04
TRANSCRIPT
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Treatment of UrbanTreatment of Urban WaterWater RunoffRunoff
Biofiltration using a Biofiltration using a BioswaleBioswale
Robert Ryan Robert Ryan UC Santa BarbaraUC Santa Barbara
11/30/0411/30/04
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BioswalesBioswales
What is a Bioswale and why use one?What is a Bioswale and why use one?
How a Bioswale WorksHow a Bioswale Works
Results of Bioswale usageResults of Bioswale usage
Benefits of Bioswale use and the Benefits of Bioswale use and the AlternativesAlternatives
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What is a Bioswale?What is a Bioswale?
Figure 1.1 [bren study]
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Why Use a Bioswale?Why Use a Bioswale?
Ecologically sound treatment of Ecologically sound treatment of runoff. Includes:runoff. Includes:
HydrocarbonsHydrocarbonsHeavy MetalsHeavy MetalsSedimentSedimentNutrientsNutrientsAnd many more possibilitiesAnd many more possibilities
Would otherwise pollute Would otherwise pollute downstream water ecosystemsdownstream water ecosystems
Figure 1.2 [bren study]
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How a Bioswale OperatesHow a Bioswale Operates
Channels runoff from Channels runoff from assigned watershedassigned watershed
Dimensions critical to Dimensions critical to efficient operationefficient operation
Heavy volume flow is Heavy volume flow is diverteddiverted
Figure 1.3 [bren study]
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Water enters forebay Water enters forebay of Bioswale of Bioswale
Water enters backbayWater enters backbay
Sediments settleSediments settle
Phytoremediation Phytoremediation occursoccurs
Output exits outlet Output exits outlet pipe into natural or pipe into natural or constructed waterway constructed waterway
Figure 1.4 [bren study]
How a Bioswale Operates, continuedHow a Bioswale Operates, continued
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PhytoremediationPhytoremediation
Breakdown in soil, or Breakdown in soil, or accumulation in shoots accumulation in shoots and leaves and leaves
Certain plants for certain Certain plants for certain contaminantscontaminants
Broad application (TNT)Broad application (TNT) Figure 1.5 [soil.edu]
Using plants to remove, transfer, or stabilize, Using plants to remove, transfer, or stabilize, contaminants in soil, sediment, and groundwater.contaminants in soil, sediment, and groundwater.
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Results of Bioswale UseResults of Bioswale Use
Dramatic reduction of sediments Dramatic reduction of sediments Lower flow velocitiesLower flow velocities
Reduction of hydrocarbons, nutrients, and metals Reduction of hydrocarbons, nutrients, and metals EPA studies of Superfund sites: 30-70% decreases EPA studies of Superfund sites: 30-70% decreases
Mature plants more efficient at removalMature plants more efficient at removal
Efficiency increases with size of BioswaleEfficiency increases with size of Bioswale
High volume flow decreases efficiencyHigh volume flow decreases efficiency
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Additional Benefits and AlternativesAdditional Benefits and Alternatives
Benefits:Benefits: Ecological PreservationEcological Preservation Flood controlFlood control Aesthetic ValueAesthetic Value Inexpensive in comparisonInexpensive in comparison
AlternativesAlternatives Stormceptor (Costly)Stormceptor (Costly) FossilFilter (high maintenance) FossilFilter (high maintenance)
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ConclusionConclusion
Bioswales meet increasing demand for Bioswales meet increasing demand for mitigation measures to stop pollution from mitigation measures to stop pollution from urban environmentsurban environments
Bioswales Bioswales workwork SedimentationSedimentation PhytoremediationPhytoremediation