treatment of wash water from open loop … · • general • wÄrtsilÄ scrubber systems open loop...

© Wärtsilä© Wärtsilä

TREATMENT OF WASH WATER FROM OPEN LOOP SCRUBBERSScrubbers 360 – An overview of scrubber technology and a study visit to DFDS Primula Seaways 09.05.2017

Johanna Snickars-NykambWärtsilä Services

Scrubberconference1 8.5.2017

• GENERAL

• WÄRTSILÄ SCRUBBER SYSTEMS

OPEN LOOP SCRUBBER SYSTEM

• WASH WATER TREATMENT

WASH WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

RESULTS FROM ANALYSIS

EXPERIENCE

• SUMMARY

AGENDA

© Wärtsilä© Wärtsilä 8.5.2017 Empresa Naviera Elcano / JSN4

Marine emission – SOx • Sulphur oxides are formed when the

Sulphur in the fuel oxidizes during a combustion process.

• SOx are harmful both to the environment and to human beings (respiratory problems such as asthma, COPD or lung cancer)

• Dissolves in the water in air and form acid rain, destroying fresh water resources, land, buildings and crops.


ALTERNATIVES TO REDUCING SOX

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CHANGE TO MGORun full time on Marine Gas Oil (MGO).

CHANGE TO MGORun full time on Marine Gas Oil (MGO).

ConvenientSmall investmentConvenientSmall investment

High operating costFuture availability?High operating costFuture availability?

CONVERT TO LNGConvert engines to run on gas (LNG).

CONVERT TO LNGConvert engines to run on gas (LNG).

A solution which also reduces NOx and particulates

A solution which also reduces NOx and particulates

Investment cost LNG availabilityInvestment cost LNG availability

USE Exhaust Gas CleaningInstall an exhaust gas cleaning system (scrubber).

USE Exhaust Gas CleaningInstall an exhaust gas cleaning system (scrubber).

Works with high S HFO Lowest total lifecycle cost Use everywhereEasy operation

Works with high S HFO Lowest total lifecycle cost Use everywhereEasy operation

ROI depends on fuel oil price difference between low S fuel oil and high S HFO (scrubber)

ROI depends on fuel oil price difference between low S fuel oil and high S HFO (scrubber)

FUEL SWITCHSwitch to low sulphur fuel in SECA.

FUEL SWITCHSwitch to low sulphur fuel in SECA.

FlexibleSmall investmentFlexibleSmall investment

High operating cost in SECAFuel change over proceduresLube oil TBN managementFuel availability?Short term solution

High operating cost in SECAFuel change over proceduresLube oil TBN managementFuel availability?Short term solution

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MARINE SCRUBBER MILESTONES

1993: M/S FJORDSHELL EQUIPPED WITH KVÆRNER EGC

1997: IMO ADOPTS MARPOL ANNEX VI

2005: EU DIRECTIVE

2005: FIRST MARINE SCRUBBER PILOT

2008: IMO ADOPTS REVISED MARPOL ANNEX VI

2010: FIRST COMMERCIAL CONTRACT

2012: EU PARLIAMENT AND COUNCIL DECISION

2015: SULPHURE LIMITATIONS IN ECA

2016: DECISION FOR 2020 GLOBAL SULPHUR CAP

2020: GLOBAL SULPHURE CAP ENTERS INTO FORCE

© Wärtsilä 8.5.2017 Scrubberconference8

YesYes NoNo PartlyPartly

NoNo YesYes PartlyPartly

OPEN LOOPOPEN LOOP

Ocean-going shipsOcean-going ships Low-alkalinity waters and for zero dischargeLow-alkalinity waters

and for zero discharge

Ships operating in both types of waters

or requiring full flexibility of operations

Ships operating in both types of waters

or requiring full flexibility of operations

CLOSED LOOPCLOSED LOOP HYBRIDHYBRID

SeawaterSeawater NaOHNaOH NaOH / SeawaterNaOH / Seawater

Dependable on seawater alkalinityDependable on seawater alkalinity

Zero discharge possibleZero discharge possible

ApplicationsApplications

Alkaline reactantAlkaline reactant

WÄRTSILÄ SCRUBBER SYSTEMS – SCRUBBER TYPES

Selection according to customer needsSelection according to customer needs

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CUSTOMIZE A SCRUBBER SOLUTION

© Wärtsilä 8.5.2017 Venue / Author10

Exhaust gas analyser

Sludge tankWash water

pumpResidence tank

Scrubbing water pump

Inlet water measurement

Discharge water measurement

Deplume unit

Venturi

Optional

Exhaust gas fan

WÄRTSILÄ SCRUBBER SYSTEMS – OPEN LOOP SCRUBBER LAYOUT


WÄRTSILÄ EGC SCRUBBERS - REFERENCES

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Others

Trawler: • 1 vessel • 11 MW scrubber

Merchant

Container vessels: • 5 vessels, 8 scrubbers, 105 MW Tankers: • 2 vessels, 2 scrubbers, 5 MWRo-Ro: • 21 vessels, 42 scrubbers, 411 MW Bulker: • 13 vessels, 13 scrubbers, 128 MWLPG: • 8 vessels, 15 scrubbers, 132 MW

Cruise and Ferry

Cruise: • 26 vessels • 52 scrubbers • 1425 MW in total

Ro-Pax: • 13 vessels • 45 scrubbers• 349 MW in total

3 segments 89 installations 178 scrubbers with 2566 MW between them

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Color Line SuperSpeed 2


• Sailing twice a day from Norway to Denmark with a service speed of 27 knots• 4 x 9.45 MW Wärtsilä engines running with HFO having on average 2.3% S• Retrofit project: space limitations in the funnel• Wärtsilä Inline Scrubber installed in March 2014 at FaYard in Denmark

REFERENCES: OPEN LOOP SCRUBBER SYSTEM

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Finnlines

• Six RoRo vessels

• Operating mainly in the Baltic and North Sea

• One EGCU scrubber for each vessel, with the two main engines on each vessel being connected to a single integrated open loop scrubber system

• Equipment, concept & basic design, plan approval, technical advisory during installation

• Installed during H1 2015 at Nauta ship repair yard in Poland



© Wärtsilä 8.5.2017 [Presentation name / Author]14

Clipper Quito & Clipper PoshSERIES OF VLGC

SOLVANG – HHI

55000 DWT LPG TANKERS

5 REPEAT ORDERS FROM FIRST INSTALLATION

1 X 15MW + 1 X 4MW SCRUBBERS (ME & AE)

V-SOX OPEN LOOP SYSTEMS

MORE THAN 12 000 RUNNING HOURS EACH

EARLY MOVERS GAIN EXPERIENCE


© Wärtsilä

EGC water discharge regulations

8.5.2017 Empresa Naviera Elcano / JSN16

Area Body Act Requirement

Global IMO MEPC.259(68) Section 10:• Criteria include pH, PAH, turbidity, nitrates, additives.• Monitoring requirements: pH, PAH, turbidity and temperature.

US US EPA VGP 3 nm from base line:Section 2.2.26.1:• Criteria include pH, PAH, turbidity, nitrates+nitrites.Section 2.2.26.2:• Monitoring requirements: pH, PAH, turbidity and temperature.• Annual sampling, analyzing and reporting.Section 6 (states):• Reference to state Water Quality Standards in some states.• Hawaii has limit values for pH and turbidity.• Connecticut prohibits discharge of washwater.

Belgium Federal Discharge not allowed within 3 nm.

Germany Discharge not allowed in rivers and ports.

WATER DISCHARGE REGULATIONS

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CLEAN AIRCLEAN WATER

CLEAN CONSCIENCEEfficient scrubbing technology, removing both SOx and particulate matterScrubbing changes SOx back into sulphates, which occur naturally in seawaterOur tests show that we often get far below the set equivalent of 3,5%S down to 0,1%S. Thus removing even more sulphur oxides than required by the rules.Better for the environment than MGO, as it saves energy and removes some black carbon (PM 2.5 µm)Water treatment units installed on all installations – even in Open loopWater treatment will ensure compliance even at tricky conditions e.g. start-up. Water treatment will ensure that harmful heavy metals (from the engine soot) will not be released into the environment

WÄRTSILÄ AND THE ENVIRONMENT

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• Early experience with >40 000 test hours on board Zaandam and >5000 on Pride of Kent indicated that advanced open loop scrubbing water treatment was necessary, when problems with sheening arose.

• Problems with open loop water discharge will most often arise during start-up of the system, when a plume of particles will be going through the pipes. Without correct water treatment this will be discharged into the ocean and possibly lead to rule breaking.

• Wärtsilä is committed to following both current and future legislation, as well as providing the best and most environmentally sound technology for our customers.


WATER TREATMENT IN OPEN LOOP – IS IT NECESSARY?

Operation Zaandam test unit before water

treatment for open loop was installed.

Sheening visible


WATER TREATMENT – NEEDED OR NOT?

OPERATION ON TEST UNIT

BEFORE WATER TREATMENT

FOR OPEN LOOP WAS

INSTALLED

EXPERIENCE WAS BROUGHT BACK TO OUR TEST SITE

CLEAN AIR CLEAN WATER CLEAN CONSCIENCE

WATER TREATMENT WILL ENSURE THAT HEAVY METALSWILL NOT BE RELEASED INTO THE ENVIRONMENT

OPEN LOOP WATER TREATMENT – RESIDENCE TANK


LAYOUT AND PRINCIPLE

FROM SCRUBBERDRAIN

TOHYDROCYCLONE

FROMHYDROCYCLONE

TODISCHARGE

© Wärtsilä 8.5.2017 [Presentation name / Author]21

WATER TREATMENT IN OPEN LOOP – SIMPLE AND EFFECTIVE

• Easy and reliable technology, known in the market

• Minimal maintenance and replacement due to no moving parts

• Will remove harmful particles from discharge water, that would otherwise be released into the sea

• Benefits the environment, and in the long run, human health

• Will guarantee compliance with strict legislation, even during start-up and switch-overs

OPEN LOOP WATER TREATMENT


HYDROCYCLONE PRINCIPLE

MULTICYCLONES

CLEAN WATEROUTLET

SLUDGE

WASH WATER FROMRESIDENCE TANK


SLUDGE DEWATERING UNIT

23

To be disposed of ashore

Estimated amount:Open loop: 0,1 kg/MWh

With dewatering unit:Open Loop: 0,05 kg/MW

8.5.2017 Empresa Naviera Elcano / JSN

© Wärtsilä 8.5.2017 Empresa Naviera Elcano / JSN24

REDUCTION OVER WÄRTSILÄ WATER TREATMENT

Fraksjon>C10-

C12

Fraksjon>C12-

C16

Fraksjon>C16-

C35

Fraksjon>C35-

C40

Fraksjon>C10-

C40

Sum>C12-

C35

Naftalen

Acenaftylen

Acenaften

Fluoren

Fenantren

Antracen

Fluorante

n

Pyren

Benso(a)antracen^

Krysen^

Benso(b)fluoranten

^

Benso(k)fluoranten

^

Benso(a)pyren^

Dibenso(ah)antracen^

Benso(ghi)perylen

Indeno(123cd)pyre

n^

SumPAH-16

SumPAHcarcinogene^

Nitrat

(NO3)

Nitritt

(NO2)

Turbiditet pH

As(Arsen)

Cd(Kadmium)

Co(Kobolt)

Mo(Molybde

n)

Ni(Nikk

el)

V(Vanadium)

Zn(Sink

)

Harbour mode % red HC 0% -36%-84%-44%-79%-93% 4% -38%-39% -3% -5% -65%-19%-64%-82%-93%-49% -9% -17% 0% -46% 0% -11%-89% 0% 0% -8% -1% -17% 1% -13% 4% 4% -7% -75%Transit / manouvering mode % red HC 0% -10%-33%-34%-31%-31% 0% -3% 36% 0% -2% 19% -9% -29%-70%-64%-43% 0% 0% 0% -43% 0% -6% -65% 0% 0% 7% -8% 14% 0% -7% 2% 1% -6% -48%

-100%

-80%

-60%

-40%

-20%

0%

20%

40%

60%

Harbour mode % red HC Transit / manouvering mode % red HC

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BE PREPARED

KNOW YOUR NEEDS

PARTNER UP WITH AN EXPERIENCED SUPPLIER

GOOD SUPPORT MINIMIZES RISK

EARLY MOVERS GAIN EXPERIENCE

LESSONS LEARNED WÄRTSILÄ SCRUBBER SOLUTIONS

SUMMARY

treatment of wash water from open loop … · • general • wÄrtsilÄ scrubber systems open loop...

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