treatments for cancer

8/6/2019 Treatments for Cancer

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TREATMENTS FOR CANCER

Four standard methods of treatment for cancer : Surgery

Chemotherapy

Radiation therapy (radiotherapy) Immunotherapy

Biologic therapy


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SURGERY

y used to prevent, treat, stage (determine how advanced

the cancer is) and diagnose it

y

to remove tumours or as much of the cancerous tissueas possible

y for untreatable cancer, palliative surgery is done to

relieve the pain- not to cure


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Cancer Surgery


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SIDE EFFECTS OF SURGERYSIDE EFFECTS OF SURGERY

y Pain

y Bleeding

y Loss of appetite

y Fatigue


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CHEMOTHERAPYCHEMOTHERAPY

y uses drugs to eliminate cancer cells

y affects the entire body, not just a specific

part

y targeting rapidly multiplying cancer cells

y unfortunately, other types of cells in our

bodies also multiply at high rates, like hair

follicle cells and the cells that line ourstomachs


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y commonly given by pill or intravenously

TYPES OF DRUGSAbraxine

Altretamine

Docetaxel

Mitomycin


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SIDE EFFECTS OF

CHEMOTHERAPY

y Vomiting

y Abdominal pain

y Weight loss

y

Loss of hair


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Loss of hair due to chemotherapy


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RADIATION THERAPY

y uses certain types of energy to shrink tumours

or eliminate cancer cells

y works by damaging a cancer cell's DNA, making

it unable to multiply

y cancer cells die when treated


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TYPES OF RADIATION :

Internal Radiation (brachytherapy)

x uses radiation that is placed very close to the tumour site

External radiation (systemic)

done on an outpatient basis at a hospital


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SIDE EFFECTS OF RADIATION

THERAPY

y Fatigue

y Changes of the skin

y Loss of appetite


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Radiation cancer


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IMMUNOTHERAPYIMMUNOTHERAPY

attempts to stimulate the immune system to

reject and destroy tumours

slows down the growth and spread of tumours

involving certain cytokines and antibodies


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SIDE EFFECT OF

IMMUNOTHERAPYy can lead to the re-activation of latenttuberculosis


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Administering cancer vaccine


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BIOLOGIC OR TARGETED

THERAPY

y term for drugs that target characteristics of

cancerous tumours

y work by blocking the biological processes of

tumours that allow tumours to thrive and grow

y cut off the blood supply to the tumour

y targeted therapy is used in select types of

cancer and is not available for everyone


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Targeted therapy


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SIDE EFFECTS

y the side effects are normally manageable and

less severe such as change in immune system,

slower wound healing and change in blood

pressure


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RESEARCH ON CANCER

Cancer research is the intense scientific effort to

understand disease processes and discover possible

therapies.

Research about cancer causes focuses on the following

issues:

y Agents (e.g. viruses) and events (e.g. mutations) which

cause or facilitate genetic changes in cells destined to

become cancer.

y The precise nature of the genetic damage, and the genes

which are affected by it.y The consequences of those genetic changes on the biology of

the cell, both in generating the defining properties of a

cancer cell, and in facilitating additional genetic events

which lead to further progression of the cancer.


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RESEARCH ON CANCER IN MALAYSIA


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MAKNA

Non-profit organization

aims to provide curatic care, preventive care,

cancer research and support services to cancer

patients and their families, high-risk groups andthe general public in Malaysia and throughout

the world.

MAKNA Cancer Research (on going since 2001) -

information, technology and development in

finding cure for cancer.

Fund-raising Projects.


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UNIVERSITI OF MALAYA CANCER

RESEARCH INSTITUTE

dedicated to the understanding of cancer and itsimpact to society, utilizing a multidisciplinaryapproach, relevant to the Malaysian context

will be setting up a Tumour Tissue Bank to

provide study material to scientists who areinvolved in various aspects of cancer research

divided into research group:-y Breast cancer

y Gynecological cancer

y Pediatric cancer

y Orthopedic cancer

y Neurological cancer


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NATIONAL CANCER SOCIETY

MALAYSIA


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Spread awareness about cancer

Conducts research

Provides treatment services


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THANK YOU. HOPE IT

WAS INFORMATIVE

Group Members:

Shubashree

Preejashini

M. Geetha

Komathy

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