Creating the trenches… - How they looked - Inside the trench- Tools used

Dangers in the trenches… - What the trenches were like… the worst part of trench life etc.- How the soldiers died in the trenches…snipers, hunger etc.- The diseases and problems within the trenches… lice, rats etc.

Days in the trenches… - Time spent in the trenches- Duties in the trenches- Food/ Food supplies

How they LookedHow they Looked

• In the beginning

• A trench system

• Zig-zagged formation

• Length and width

Trench formation

Inside the TrenchesInside the Trenches

• Fire-step

• Duckboards

• Dugouts/funk holes

• Latrines

Inside the trenches...

Building it

• Entrenching tool• Song -->

“O,O,O it’s a lovely war!

What do we want with eggs and ham?

When we have plum and apple jam

Form fours, night turn

How shall we spend the money we earn?

O,O,O it’s a lovely war!”

The Entrenching tool

What the Trenches were Like…

• The trenches were filled with water

• Constant mud

• Duckboards

• Latrines

• Trench grounds in winter and autumn

• Dead bodiesThe amount of water and mud in the trenches

How the Soldiers Died…

• Falling off duckboards and into the mud

• Buried alive

• Suicide

• Enemy snipers

• Diseases

• Lack of food

Trench walls collapsed

Dead soldiers on the ground

Soldiers picking up bodies from No Man’s Land

TRENCH FOOT!!!!

The Diseases and Problems…

• Trench foot

• The pyrrexhia or trench fever

• Lice

• Rats

• Dysentery

Soldiers sick from a diseases

Soldiers sick while in there trenches

Time spent in the trenches…• Of a 32 Day period: 8 days in a front line trench, 8 days in a reserve trench and 16 days away from the front, in a small town or village nearby.

•A British soldiers year could be divided as : 15% front line, 10% support line, 30% reserve line, 20% rest, and 25% other. ( hospital, traveling, leave etc.)

•Everything could be changed if there’s and offensive attack. Soldiers could spend up to 6 weeks in the front line trenches before they could take a break.

•Time in the trenches alternated with long periods of boredom, and short periods of fear.

•Soldiers quiet timeSoldiers looking over there

trench.

Soldiers during there rest period.

Duties in the Trenches

• Soldiers had to replace the barbed wire, repair the flooded trenches, and clean the latrines. These duties were all called “fatigues”

• The maintenance and expansion of the barbed wire fences and the trenches was done at dark, when it was harder to be detected.

• ****The work done at night … Most of there work was done at night when patrols were sent out to observe and check out on the enemy trenches, and the repair of their own front – line and gather of create/prepare other defenses.

• On breaks from fighting in the trenches, the soldiers were assigned different duties such as moving supplies or helping to repair things.

Soldiers working with there trenches

Soldiers switching from line to line.

Food & Food Supplies

• Soldiers daily meal

• Front line meals

• Receiving fresh food

• The food was delivered in straw-lined boxes

• Emergency food / Iron rations

• Amount of calories received each day

• Rum

Emergency food / iron rations… 7 different

supplies

A painting of 2 soldiers trying

to prepare some warm

food.

BIBLIOGRAPHY…• Adams, Simon. World War 1 . United States,NY : DK Publishing Inc, 2004

• No name. “Trench Warfare.” World War 1. Oct 2, 2006. <htttp://www.teacheroz.com/wwi.htm#trench>

• Pictures…

- <http://www.historyguide.org/images/ww1.jpg>

- <http://www.firstworldwar.com/diaries/graphics/trenchperiscope.jpg>

- <http://www.usask.ca/communications/ocn/03-mar-07/images/trenches.jpg>

- <http://www.uh.edu/engines/trench2.jpg>

- <http://www.pap-to-pass.org/clip_image002_0000.jpg>

- <http://newsimg.bbc.co.uk/media/images/40661000/jpg/_40661889_trenches_ap203.jpg>

- <http://ux1.eiu.edu/~nekey/gifsplus/british/trenches.jpg>

- <http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en/thumb/0/0a/300px-Trencheswwi2.jpg>

- <http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/FWWfoot.jpg >

- <http://www.caterham.redbridge.sch.uk/history/trench/tw/setup2.jpg>

THE END!