Tsunami 2004

Presentation by:Gayatri Wable CFIB17 and Vasudha Dubey

CMF22

Tsunami 2004

BY:Gayatri S. Wable(CFIB17)

&Vasudha Dubey(CMF-22)

What is aDisaster??

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It is a series of water waves caused by the displacement of a large volume of a body of water, typically an ocean or a large lake. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and other underwater explosions (including detonations of underwater nuclear devices), landslides, glacier calving, meteorite impacts and other disturbances above or below water all have the potential to generate a tsunami.

Tsunami

2004 TsunamiOn December 26, 2004, the greatest earthquake in 40 years occurred about 150 kilometres off the west coast of northern Sumatra Island in Indian Ocean just off the coast of Indonesia. The earthquake generated a disastrous tsunami that caused destruction in 11 countries bordering the Indian Ocean. The 9.0 magnitude (for 8 to 10 minutes) quake created a series of tsunamis that caused great destruction and loss of life throughout the Indian Ocean basin, within several hours of the initial event.

2004 Tsunami

2004 Tsunami

On December 26, 2004, the greatest earthquake in 40 years occurred about 150 kilometres off the west coast of northern Sumatra Island in Indian Ocean just off the coast of Indonesia. The earthquake generated a disastrous tsunami that caused destruction in 11 countries bordering the Indian Ocean. The 9.0 magnitude (for 8 to 10 minutes) quake created a series of tsunamis that caused great destruction and loss of life throughout the Indian Ocean basin, within several hours of the initial event.

Origin Time and Epicentre The great tsunamigenic earthquake occurred on Sunday, 26 December 2004, at 00:58:50 UTC (6:58:50 a.m. local time). The epicentre was at 3.298 N, 95.779 E and its focal depth was very shallow (much less than 33 km - possibly about 10km).

The large tsunami which struck 11 of the nations that border the Indian Ocean was a complete surprise for the people living there, but not for the scientists who are aware of the tectonic interactions in the region. Many seismic networks recorded the massive earthquake, but there was no tide gauges or other wave sensors to provide confirmation as to whether a tsunami had been generated. There was no established communications network or organizational infrastructure to pass a warning of any kind to the people coastlines. No Tsunami Warning System exists for the Indian Ocean as there is for the Pacific.

No Tsunami Warning Issued

DEATH TOLL

Situation Data

The estimated number of casualties in India is 16,000, but at least 6,000 more are missing. It is expected that the death toll will rise. Hardest hit were the Andaman and Nicobar Islands which were close to the tsunami generating area. Along India's south-eastern coast, several villages were swept away, and thousands of fishermen at sea were missing. On the western coast of India' mainland, hardest hit was the state of Tamil Nadu.

Andaman and Nicobar Island

The tsunami hit hard the Andaman and Nicobar group which comprises of a total of 572 islands of which 38 were significantly inhabited. The maximum tsunami wave reached a height of 15m. One fifth of the population of the Nicobar Islands is said to be dead, injured or missing. Chowra Island lost two thirds of its population of 1,500.

Andhra Pradesh

There was significant loss of life and destruction. The affected districts were Krishna, Prakasam, Nellore, Guntur, West Godavari and East Godavari.

Kerala

The tsunami killed many people (official toll 168) and caused extensive destruction particularly at Kollam (131 dead), Alappuzha (32) and Ernakulam (5) were also affected.

Pondicherry

In the Union territory of Pondicherry, the affected districts were Pondicherry (107 dead), Karaikal (453 dead). The latest official toll was 560. An estimated 30,000 people were rendered homeless .

The tsunami had a great impact on the state of Tamil Nadu on India's mainland with entire coastal villages destroyed. The overall death toll in the state was 7,793. The Nagapattinam district had 5,525 casualties. The latest reported death toll at Velankanni was 1,500. Kanyakumari district has had 808 deaths, Cuddalore district 599, the state capital Chennai 206 and Kancheepuram district 124. The death tolls in other districts were Pudukkottai (15), Ramanathapuram (6), Tirunelveli (4), Thoothukudi (3), Tiruvallur (28), Thanjavur (22), Tiruvarur (10) and Viluppuram (47). The nuclear power plant at Kalpakkam was shut down after sea water rushed into a pump station. No radiation leak or damage to the reactor was reported.

Tamil Nadu

OVERALL LOSS

Total damages are estimated to be US$470 million, 62% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Of these losses, direct losses are US$298 million , or about 8% of the replacement cost of the national capital stock. Severe damage was caused to houses, tourist resorts, boats and other fishing equipment, schools, health facilities, transport and communication equipment, water and sanitation, and electricity infrastructure.

An amount of Rs. 895.42 crore has been earmarked for Tsunami Relief and Rehabilitation Schemes.State Government of Tamil Nadu : -The Chief Minister has announced a payment of Rs.1,00,000 (one lakh) to the families of each of the victims. State Government of Kerala :-Assistance of Rs. 10,000 for the families of the deceased, to meet the funeral expenses. Union Territory of Pondicherry :- For those injured in the disaster, the administration would provide Rs 5000. A sum of Rs 10,000 to enable the homeless to reconstruct houses.

Rescue & Recovery

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