Tuesday August 24, 2010Tuesday August 24, 2010I can listen and discuss the ideas of racism, I can listen and discuss the ideas of racism,

slavery, and prejudice.slavery, and prejudice.

Warm upWarm up

Put your warm up below the Summary, Reflection, Put your warm up below the Summary, Reflection, Analysis section on your desk provided for Analysis section on your desk provided for

you.you.

1.) Name the various groups throughout history 1.) Name the various groups throughout history that have been slaves.that have been slaves.

2.) Name things that you hate but do not name 2.) Name things that you hate but do not name people or groups of people.people or groups of people.

3.) Personal definition of racism.3.) Personal definition of racism.

4.) Personal definition prejudice.4.) Personal definition prejudice.

How to Use Cornell Notes from Mr. How to Use Cornell Notes from Mr. Collins Power PointCollins Power Point

Left Side Cornell Notes (Heading Left Side Cornell Notes (Heading and Question area)and Question area)

This will typically This will typically be a picture of be a picture of what is on the what is on the slide.slide.

Right side of Right side of Cornell notes (the Cornell notes (the big section)big section)

PrejudicePrejudice

Wikipedia definition: a Wikipedia definition: a prejudgment, belief, prejudgment, belief, opinion, or judgment opinion, or judgment without reason… The without reason… The word is most commonly word is most commonly used to refer to used to refer to judgments of a group judgments of a group or person because of or person because of their race, social class, their race, social class, gender, ethnicity, age, gender, ethnicity, age, disability, political disability, political beliefs, religion or beliefs, religion or other personal other personal characteristics. characteristics.

RacismRacism Wikipedia definition: Wikipedia definition: RacismRacism

is the belief that the is the belief that the genesgenes which make up a person’s which make up a person’s racerace are what determine the are what determine the human traits and capacities, human traits and capacities, and that those differences and that those differences produce an produce an automatic superiorityautomatic superiority of a of a particular race over another. particular race over another. Racism's effects are called Racism's effects are called "racial discrimination." "racial discrimination." Another dictionary defines Another dictionary defines racism as: "the belief that racism as: "the belief that human races have distinctive human races have distinctive characteristics which characteristics which determine their respective determine their respective culturescultures, usually involving , usually involving the idea that one's own race the idea that one's own race is superior and has the right is superior and has the right to rule or dominate others." to rule or dominate others."

Racism ContinuedRacism Continued Types of racism might Types of racism might

include: include: Institutional or Legal racismInstitutional or Legal racism which is racial which is racial discrimination by discrimination by governments, corporations, governments, corporations, religions, educational religions, educational institutions or other large institutions or other large organizations with the organizations with the power to influence the lives power to influence the lives of many individuals; of many individuals; Economic Economic discriminationdiscrimination which is caused by past which is caused by past racism effecting the racism effecting the present generation through present generation through a lack in formal education, a lack in formal education, so people can not get so people can not get better jobs or sometimes, better jobs or sometimes, any job. any job.

SlaverySlavery Wikipedia definition: Wikipedia definition: SlaverySlavery is a system is a system in which people are in which people are the property of others. the property of others. Slaves can be held Slaves can be held against their will from against their will from the time of their the time of their capture, purchase or capture, purchase or birth, and deprived of birth, and deprived of the right to leave, to the right to leave, to refuse to work, or to refuse to work, or to demand wages. In demand wages. In some societies it was some societies it was legal for an owner to legal for an owner to kill a slave. kill a slave.

Gold Diggers, Brazil

History of Slavery History of Slavery

When:When:

there is evidence there is evidence before written before written history, but history, but earliest written earliest written mention was mention was 1760 BC; even 1760 BC; even the Bible the Bible mentions it.mentions it.

Why:Why: rare among rare among

hunter–gathererhunter–gatherer populations. Mass populations. Mass slavery requires slavery requires economic surpluses and economic surpluses and a high population a high population density. The practice of density. The practice of slavery would have only slavery would have only grown after the grown after the invention of agriculture invention of agriculture during prehistoric times during prehistoric times when people lived in when people lived in one place and did not one place and did not move around looking for move around looking for food, this gave them food, this gave them time to built society, time to built society, and wage warand wage war

Who:Who:

slaves were slaves were prisoners of warprisoners of war, , people who owed people who owed debtdebt, punished for , punished for crime, crime, abandonedabandoned children, and children, and because you were because you were born to slave born to slave parentsparents

Where:Where:

Slavery was known to Slavery was known to occur almost every occur almost every ancient civilization, ancient civilization, including including Ancient EgyptAncient Egypt, , ChinaChina, , IndiaIndia, , GreeceGreece, , the the Roman EmpireRoman Empire, the , the Middle East, the Middle East, the pre-Columbian civilizatipre-Columbian civilizationsons of the of the AmericasAmericas, all , all over Europe and the over Europe and the Mediterranean, and Mediterranean, and Africa.Africa.

How many?How many? Here are just some facts…Here are just some facts… It is estimated that over 25% It is estimated that over 25%

of the population of of the population of Ancient RomeAncient Rome was enslaved. Slaves was enslaved. Slaves may have made up 35% or more of may have made up 35% or more of ItalyItaly's population. In 's population. In the city of the city of RomeRome alone, under the alone, under the Roman EmpireRoman Empire, there , there were about 400,000 slaves. During the millennium from were about 400,000 slaves. During the millennium from the emergence of the Roman Empire to its eventual the emergence of the Roman Empire to its eventual decline, at least 100 million people were captured or sold decline, at least 100 million people were captured or sold as slaves throughout the Mediterranean.as slaves throughout the Mediterranean.

In 1086, nearly 10% of the In 1086, nearly 10% of the EnglishEnglish population were population were slaves.slaves.

There were more than 100,000 Russian captives in the a There were more than 100,000 Russian captives in the a part of Russian Bulgaria alone in 1551.part of Russian Bulgaria alone in 1551.

In In East AfricaEast Africa's main slave-trading port, in the 19th 's main slave-trading port, in the 19th century as many as 50,000 slaves were passing through century as many as 50,000 slaves were passing through the city each year.[Some historians estimate that the city each year.[Some historians estimate that between 11 and 18 million African slaves crossed the between 11 and 18 million African slaves crossed the Red SeaRed Sea, , Indian OceanIndian Ocean, and , and SaharaSahara Desert from 650 AD Desert from 650 AD to 1900 AD.to 1900 AD.

The The Middle PassageMiddle Passage refers to the forcible passage refers to the forcible passage

of of African peopleAfrican people from from AfricaAfrica to the to the New WorldNew World, as part of , as part of the the Atlantic slave tradeAtlantic slave trade. Ships . Ships departed departed EuropeEurope for African for African markets with commercial markets with commercial goods, which were then goods, which were then traded for kidnapped Africans traded for kidnapped Africans who were transported across who were transported across the Atlantic as slaves; the the Atlantic as slaves; the enslaved Africans were then enslaved Africans were then sold or traded for raw sold or traded for raw materials, which would be materials, which would be transported back to Europe to transported back to Europe to complete the "complete the "triangular tradetriangular trade". ".

Middle Passage ContinuedMiddle Passage Continued

The term "Middle The term "Middle Passage" refers Passage" refers to that middle to that middle part of the part of the transatlantic transatlantic trade triangle in trade triangle in which millions of which millions of Africans were Africans were imprisoned, imprisoned, enslaved, and enslaved, and removed from removed from their homelands. their homelands.

Explorer Knowledge You Need to Explorer Knowledge You Need to Know.Know.

America’s name America’s name comes from comes from Amerigo Vespucci. Amerigo Vespucci. He is the one who He is the one who realized realized Christopher Christopher Columbus did not Columbus did not find a new route to find a new route to the Far East but he the Far East but he completely founded completely founded a new area.a new area.

Explorer Knowledge You Need to Explorer Knowledge You Need to Know.Know.

Spanish Armada Spanish Armada (Spain’s Navy) was (Spain’s Navy) was much stronger than the much stronger than the British but the British British but the British ships were much faster. ships were much faster.

The Spanish Armada The Spanish Armada was defeated by the was defeated by the British because their British because their ships were faster and ships were faster and there was a major there was a major storm.storm.

If Spain were to win this If Spain were to win this battle America might battle America might have been a Catholic have been a Catholic nation.nation.

Chapter 2 Section 3Chapter 2 Section 3

The Impact of ColonizationThe Impact of Colonization

A.) Life in Spanish AmericaA.) Life in Spanish America

Spain’s Social Class in Spain’s Social Class in the America’sthe America’s

Spaniards Spaniards Creoles (100% Creoles (100%

Spanish but born in Spanish but born in the Americas).the Americas).

Mestizos-Spanish/Mestizos-Spanish/Native American MixNative American Mix

Native Native Americans/African Americans/African Slave.Slave.

B.) Creation of PlantationsB.) Creation of Plantations Land in the America’s Land in the America’s

was given to Spanish was given to Spanish colonist which the land colonist which the land is called Encomiendas-is called Encomiendas-land given to a Spanish land given to a Spanish colonist in which they colonist in which they would receive would receive everything on the land.everything on the land.

On the encomiendas On the encomiendas they would create they would create large communities that large communities that became known as became known as plantations-large plantations-large farms.farms.

C.) The Emergence of American C.) The Emergence of American SlaverySlavery

With the creation of With the creation of plantations there plantations there became a need for more became a need for more labor.labor.

Slavery-practice of Slavery-practice of holding a person into holding a person into bondage for labor was bondage for labor was created to fill the labor created to fill the labor needs of the plantations.needs of the plantations.

African Diaspora-is the African Diaspora-is the forced removal of forced removal of Africans to the Americas.Africans to the Americas.

D.) The Columbian ExchangeD.) The Columbian Exchange Movement of living things Movement of living things

between the Hemispheres.between the Hemispheres. Germs-small pox, measles, Germs-small pox, measles,

and the fluand the flu Plants-Bananas, Grapes, Plants-Bananas, Grapes,

Peaches, Pears, Olives, and Peaches, Pears, Olives, and Onions. Onions.

Animals-cattle, sheep, Animals-cattle, sheep, pigs, and horses.pigs, and horses.

Germs are what killed a lot Germs are what killed a lot of Native Americans of Native Americans because their immune because their immune systems were not capable systems were not capable of fighting them off.of fighting them off.

E.) European E.) European ExplorationExploration

Gold-looking for Gold-looking for valuable items valuable items

Glory-looking to Glory-looking to put their name put their name into historyinto history

God-trying to God-trying to expand their expand their religion religion Catholicism or Catholicism or Christianity.Christianity.

F.) Other Terms You Need to Know F.) Other Terms You Need to Know for this Sectionfor this Section

Viceroyalty-the Viceroyalty-the dividing of Spain’s dividing of Spain’s areas.areas.

Viceroy-the top Viceroy-the top official of a official of a Viceroyalty in Viceroyalty in Spain’s area’s; Spain’s area’s; equivalent to a equivalent to a governor.governor.