tuesday nov 4th-week 13 topic : atoms, elements, & compounds obj : 1-4 do now : ext : due date :...
TRANSCRIPT
Tuesday Nov 4th-Week 13TOPIC: Atoms, Elements, & Compounds OBJ : 1-4
DO NOW:
EXT: DUE DATE:
DW: 6.1 Notes
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EXIT: Fill in your level of understanding AND Explain what an enzyme is and how it is used in biology/chemistry. (use your book pages)
HANDOUTS to PICK-UP:-6.2 Book Pages
TURN IN to ABS box:
SEMINAR 2:
BEFORE/AFTER SCHOOL:DW-None
-6.1 Notes
Take out 6.1 Notes and Periodic Table!
AG
EN
DA
AB
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Science of Life
Tuesday: ___11__/__4___ OBJECTIVE…#_1-4_____ TOPIC:
Atoms, Elements, & Compounds
Daily Work Grade- NONE
DW GRADE: 2 1 0
TUESDAYDO NOW
•Q: What is an ionic bond? What is a covalent bond?
•A: Covalent bonds share electrons, and ionic bonds donate electrons.
1---IDENTIFY / DIAGRAM parts of an atom 2---DIFFERENTIATE & RECOGNIZE relationships of atoms, elements, molecules, compounds
3---UTILIZE the periodic table to identify atomic structures of elements (CHOPN- characteristics)
4---COMPARE / CONTRAST covalent bonds and ionic bonds
Today’s Objectives
Vocabulary
These should be done by test day!
-atom-nucleus-proton-neutron-electron-element-compound-molecule-covalent bond-ion-ionic bond
MAIN IDEA:
Matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms
-2 parts: nucleus & orbitals1-NUCLEUS: made of protons & neutrons2-ORBITALS: area surrounding the nucleus
-where electrons spin at amazing speeds
ATOMS: smallest unit of matter
PROTONS:-p+-located inside the nucleus-positive electric charge-relative size = 1-ATOMIC # = # protons
-unique to each element
ATOMS / STRUCTURE
NEUTRONS:-n-located inside the nucleus-no electric charge-relative size = 1
-n= atomic mass – atomic #
ATOMS / STRUCTURE
ELECTRON:-e--located inside orbitals around the nucleus-negative electric charge-relative size = 1/1836
-has virtually no mass-#e = #p (in a stable atom)
ATOMS / STRUCTURE
electron e-
protonnucleus
neutronorbitals
e
p+n
ATOMS / STRUCTURE
-electrons orbit the nucleus in energy levels-electrons are constantly spinning like fan blades-electrons switch places in energy levels-each energy level can hold a certain # of electrons
level 1 – 2 electronslevel 2 – 8 electronslevel 3 – 18 electronslevel 4 – 32 electrons
ATOMS / ORBITALS
energy levels/# e- 1 - 2 2 - 8 3 - 18 4 - 32
ATOMS / BOHR MODEL
IDENTIFY the # of electrons in the outermost energy level of the oxygen atom.____ DETERMINE: Is the 2nd energy level of the oxygen atom full? EXPLAIN:
No-it has 6 but can hold up to 8
ATOMS / ORBITALS
-electrons in outer energy level-# valence electrons same as representative group-electrons involved in chemical bonds
SEE PERIODIC TABLE1-NUMBER the REPRESENTATIVE GROUPS (FAMILIES) - 1A thru 8A*GROUP # = # of valence electrons (e-) 2-NUMBER the PERIODS - 1 thru 7*PERIOD # = # of energy levels needed for the electrons
ATOMS / VALENCE ELECTRONS
PERIODIC TABLE of ELEMENTSRepresentative groups #1-8
-represent valence electrons-use element symbol-dots represent valence electrons
Cl Na P N
ATOMS / LEWIS DOT DIAGRAMS
-can not be broken down into other substances-not physically / not chemically
-atoms of the SAME element-same atomic #-same # p+ and e-
#p = #e overall neutral charge (NO charge)
-PERIODIC TABLE-see handout-atoms of same element:
-same ATOMIC # -same p /e
ELEMENTS: pure substance
atomic # = p = e
DRAW CONCLUSIONS: Table salt is a compound made of sodium and chlorine. Could you separate the sodium from the chlorine by crushing the salt crystals? ______EXPLAIN: compound cannot be broken down by physical means
COMPOUNDS- pure substance / 2 > elements combine
-Specific combination of elements-fixed ratio
-chemically/physically different -than elements they are made of
-can NOT be broken down by physical means
-CAN be broken down chemically
NO
*GOAL: 8 e- in the outer shell of each atom-electrons are SHARED between 2 atoms-NON-METALS bond with NON-METALS
(neither non-metal wants to give up e-)-forms a MOLECULE
Example:
O + C + O C O
CHEMICAL BONDS / COVALENT
*GOAL: 8 e- in the outer shell of each atom-electrons are TRANSFERRED between 2 atoms-METALS bond with NON-METALS
(metals give up e- easily)-forms a MOLECULE
Example:
Na + Cl NaCl
CHEMICAL BONDS / IONIC
lose an electron positive charge gain an electron negative charge
CATION (+)Element gives up e- in the outer shell-atom becomes a positively charged ion
ANION (-)Element gains the e- in their outer shell-atom becomes a negatively charge ion
IONS: atom that TRANSFERS electron
REVIEW / PRACTICE
p + n
REVIEW / PRACTICE
EXITFILL-IN: level of understanding of today’s objective
EXIT: Explain what an enzyme is and how it is used in biology/chemistry. (use your book pages)