Tuesday, September 9

Vocabulary 1.6

GUM 2.1

Literary Analysis and Composition 2014-2015

Vocabulary 1.6

What is our lesson objective?

Define and use words with Greek and Latin roots.

• gentry

• heterogeneous (heh-tuh-ruh-JEE-nee-uhs)

• homogeneous (hoh-muh-JEE-nee-uhs)

• indigenous

• ingenious

• progenitor

• progeny

Word Bank• congenital

• engender

• genealogy

• genesis

• genocide

• genre (ZHAHN-ruh)

• genteel

• gentile (JEN-tiyl)

Let’s Practice!• Choose the response that correctly completes the

sentence.

• Dr. Jones was an accomplished anthropologist. One summer, when she didn’t have to teach any classes at the university, she went on a trip to study the ___________ peoples of Study Island. Unfortunately, there weren’t many left, as they had been victims of a _____________. The evil dictator, Television, and his henchman, Video Games, wanted to take over Study Island for their own and had decided to kill the local people, who were called pathways, to help them in this goal. These cruel men had decided that the landowning upper class, the ____________, would be the first to go.

• King Pathway and his _________, the prince and princess, were sent into exile, where Dr. Jones visited them. They were living very simply, and only had one book to read, which was a __________ book and had sections on all of the King’s __________s. Dr. Jones was struck at their refined, __________ manners, despite the fact that they were living in a cave and had no modern conveniences. The way King Pathway had devised for his family to get fresh water from an underground stream was quite ____________.

• Sadly, the native pathways of Study Island, who were a varied, _______________ group, had a hard time communicating with each other, since they spoke different dialects of their language. The royal family didn’t use spoken language at all, but, rather, a sign language, because they suffered from a ___________ deafness. The royal family’s habit of using only sign language around the common people, who couldn’t understand it, tended to __________ confusion and frustration.

Dr. Jones decided to help bring about the _________ of a new peace between the tyrant Television and the graphics-heavy Video Games and the royal family of Study Island. She worked hard to negotiate the treaty, and tried to convince them that, despite their differences, were a cohesive, _____________ group. The people of Study Island had more in common than they had differences. Even though Dr. Jones was not a native, but a __________, and had not grown up knowing the ways of the pathways, they welcomed her expertise and ice cold lemonade that she brought to the negotiating table.

When she returned home, that fall, to her university, she wrote a book about her experiences on Study Island that summer. It was wildly popular and sold well with fans of the ___________.

GUM 2.1• What are our lesson objectives?

• Identify direct objects in sentences.

• Identify indirect objects in sentences.

• Distinguish between direct and indirect objects in sentences.

Keywords and Pronunciation• action verb : a verb that tells what action a subject is performing

• adjective : a word that modifies, or describes, a noun or pronoun

• adverb : a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb

• complement : a word that helps complete the meaning of a verb

• compound direct object : two or more direct objects following the same verb

• compound indirect object : two or more indirect objects following the same verb

• direct object : a noun or pronoun that answers the question What? or Whom? after an action verb

• indirect object : a noun or pronoun that answers the question To or for whom? or To or for what? after an action verb

Keywords and Pronunciation• modifier : a word or phrase that describes or changes

another word's or phrase's meaning

• predicate adjective : an adjective that follows a linking verb and modifies, or describes, the subject

• predicate nominative : a noun or pronoun that follows a linking verb and identifies, renames, or explains the subject

• prepositional phrase : a group of words that begins with a preposition, ends with a noun or pronoun, and is used as an adjective or adverb

• sentence base : the basic parts of a sentence--the subject, verb, and complement

What is a direct object?• In a sentence, the subject and verb may be followed by an object. An object is a

noun or pronoun that gives meaning to the subject and verb of the sentence. Not all sentences contain objects, but some may contain one or more. There are two kinds of objects within a sentence: direct and indirect objects.

• I. A direct object is a noun or pronoun that receives the action of a verb.

• Daniel fixes computers.

• direct object

• Try this technique when determining the location of the direct object in the above

• sentence:

• 1) First locate the subject and verb in the sentence. The subject in the above sentence

• is “Daniel” and the verb is “fixes.”

• 2) Now ask yourself the questions What? or Whom? about the verb “fixes.”

• 3) What does the subject, Daniel, fix? Daniel fixes computers.

What is an indirect object?• Sometimes a direct object is followed by an indirect object. An

indirect object is the noun or pronoun for which the action is done.

• Daniel fixes computers for his family.

• indirect object

• 1) First locate the subject (Daniel) and the verb (fixes).

• 2) Now ask yourself the questions To Whom? To What? For Whom? or For What? about the subject and verb.

• 3) For whom does the subject, Daniel, fix computers? Daniel fixes computers for his family.

• **An indirect object may also come before the direct object.

• Susan gave me her notes. (To whom did Susan give her notes? me)

• indirect object

Now, let’s try identifying a few on our own• 1) We ate steak for dinner.

• 2) Snow and ice covered the streets.

• 3) She gives violin lessons to Jacob.

•

• 4) Everyone loves candy.

• 5) The teacher gave us an assignment.

• 6) The children are playing.

• 7) I brought a balloon to Diane.

• 8) Can you send me a letter?

• 9) The baby needs a nap.

• 10) The students asked the teacher many questions.