TundraBiotic Factors

Plants

Mosses, dwarf shrubs, lichen, grasses

Animals

Musk oxen, wolves, caribou

Abiotic Factors

Permafrost, soil, little

rainfall, cold temperatures

Adaptations

Low to the ground to stay warm.

Grow in clumps for warmth

Red or dark color to absorb heat

• Caribou

reindeer

TundraAnimals

Caribou, reindeer, arctic fox, arctic hare, timber wolf, musk oxen, water birds, lemmings, voles

Tundra:Polar Tundra – near the

North and South Poles

Alpine Tundra – found at the top of all mountains; above the tree line

Adaptations

Thick fat (blubber), brown color (summer) and white (winter), thick fur or feathers, compact bodies, strong hooves, migration

Rainforest

Emergent___-tallest trees___

Canopy-upper branches & leaves

Understory_-__shrubs______

Floor__-__lichens, mosses__

Adaptations

Drip tips

Plants grow on trees

Plants that hold water

Roots form buttresses

Smooth bark

RainforestBiotic Factors

Animals30,000,000 types of insectsArachnids (spiders)toucans, parrots-3-toed sloth-Coral snake & poison arrow frog-Jaguars, gorillas, boa constrictors½ the world’s species of plants and

animals PlantsLargest variety of plants

Abiotic FactorsLittle light reaches the groundYearly rainfall – 400 cm(157.5 in)Average Temp

Day - 93 F ; Night – 68 FSoil is thin and poor in nutrients

Adaptations

-insects on the forest floor are decomposers.

-Large beak for eating nuts and fruits

-Covered with moss and beetles

-Deadly poison-brightly colored to warn others

Temperate Deciduous Forest

Temperate Deciduous Forest Abiotic FactorsMild temperatures average – summer 82 F winter – 45 FPlenty of rain

Biotic Factors AnimalsBearsSnakesBirdsRabbitsDeersquirrels PlantsFerns, mosses, flowering plantsTrees – change colors in the fall and

shed their leaves in the fall

Adaptations

Hibernate in the winter

Hibernate in the winter

Migrate for the winter

Store food for winter

Coniferous Forest

Coniferous ForestCone bearing trees (Evergreen)

Biotic Factors AnimalsDeer, Moose, Porcupines, Squirrels,

Elk,Wolves, Insects PlantsCone bearing trees (Evergreen)Pine, Fir, SpruceFew plants live here due to low

amounts of sunlight

Abiotic FactorsCold temperaturesModerate rainfallSnow usually covers ground in winterLittle sunlight reaches ground

Adaptations Most of the animals hibernate in the winter

Birds migrate to the south for the winter

              

     

GrasslandPlants Adaptations

Soft stems that bend in wind or short stems to give support

Extensive roots to keep animals from uprooting them

Shrubs have extensive roots

-colorful blooms to attract insects for pollination

½ the plants are grasses

Tall grasses:iron weed, wheat grass

Short grasses: alfalfa, ragweed

Shrubs

Wildebeest Tapir

GrasslandBiotic Factors

AnimalsTigers, giraffes,

ostrich, antelope, wildebeest,

Prairie dogs, buffalo or bison,

Abiotic FactorsCan be very windyDroughts in the summerBlizzards in the winter

Adaptations

different animals eat from different parts of the plant.

Stripes or spots for camouflage

Paws to burrow

Flat topped teeth

nocturnal

Cholla cactus

yucca

Joshua Tree

DesertPlants

Cactus

Joshua tree

Tumble weed

No large trees

Adaptations

-have thorns, spines, or thin, leathery leaves

-store water in stems, roots, or leaves

-extensive (long) root systems

Antelope jackrabbit

Bark Scorpion

Gila Monster

pack rat with cactus

fennec fox

Western Coral Snake

DesertAnimals

Camels-close nostrils, long eyelashes

Fennec fox

Pack rats

Reptiles

Few birds

Desert toads-stay underground until rain

AdaptationsNocturnal (out at

night)Small body with long

legs for coolingLarge earsCold bloodedBuild underground

tunnelsLight in color to

reflect lightEstivation-sleep

during hot months

                                                

Deep-rooted chaparral shrub covers the southern face of

the mountains.

                                        

The yellow pine forest is a mixture of oak, fir, cedar, and pine trees.

MountainPlants

Chaparral- deep rooted shrub

Evergreen trees, herbs, ferns

Adaptations

Short stems for support

Wide root systems

Waxy leaves to conserve water

Rocky Mountain Goats

Big Horn Ram

Takin

goat antelopes

MountainAnimals

mountain goats,

Big horn sheep or rams,

takin, goat antelopes

Adaptations

Cloven (split) hooves for balance

Soft pads in the center of the hard hooves act as shock absorbers.

Large lungs and hearts to get oxygen from thin mountain air

Aquatic BiomesMarine Biome and Freshwater Biome

Marine BiomeIncludes Large bodies of

salty water• Oceans• Coral Reefs• Estuaries

Freshwater BiomeIncludes most:• Lakes• Rivers• Streams• Brooks, • Swamps• Ponds

Marine Biome

Marine BiomeThe largest biome

Biotic Factors AnimalsWhales, Sea otters, fish, mollusks,Crustaceans

Abiotic FactorsTemperture – top of the ocean is warmer and gets colder as you decendSunlight – more sunlight at the top portion and you decend it gets darker

Freshwater Biome

Freshwater Biome Biotic Factors

PlantsAlgae

Cattails

Animals

Flagellates and WrigglersDiatomsLeeches

River rats, Muskrats, Otters and Minks.

Sunfish and Bass

Abiotic FactorsLow salt levels

High oxygen levels

Rocks

Dirt