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TURKEY -2008
Country Presentation - Logistics
TURKEY
TURKEY
LOCATIONSoutheastern Europe and Southwestern Asia
bordering the Black Sea, the Aegean Sea
and the Mediterranean Sea
•7,200 km Coastline
• 2,627 km Territorial Borders
• 72 Million People
TURKEY
GEO-ECONOMICAL‘East Meets West’
Gateway from/toGateway from/to
• Europe
• Central Asia
• Black Sea
• East Mediterrenean
• Gulf
TURKEY
GEO-ECONOMICALAmong World’s 10 Big Emerging
Markets
Growing Industries
• Transport & Logistics
• Automotive
• Textiles
• Retailing
• Tourizm
• Telecommunications - IT
• Energy
• Iron & Steel
• Defense Industry
60% of the population are under age 30
TURKEY
GEO-ECONOMICALClose Integration With
International Community
MembershipsMemberships
• UN
• NATO
• European Council
• OECD
• IMF
• World Bank
• World Trade Organization
• EFTA
• Black Sea E.C. Zone
• EU Customs Union
TURKEY
EUCustoms Union In Power Since 1996
Turkey Fully Trade VolumeTurkey Fully Adopted EU Policies
• Trade Regime
• Legislative
• Common Foreign Trade
Tariffs vis-a-vis 3rd
Countries
Trade Volume
• Imports Increased by 40 % in
the First Year of the Union
• Today the Volume is about
-334 Billion USD per Year
-132 Billion USD Export
-202 Billion USD Import
TURKEYECONOMYTurkey’s Total Exports in Years
107.272
131.966
120.000
140.000
Exports 2000-2008
27.775 31.334 36.059
47.253
63.16773.477
85.535
0
20.000
40.000
60.000
80.000
100.000
Value US$
(000.000)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Years
TURKEY
ECONOMYTurkey’s Total Imports in Years
201.961
250.000
Import 2000-2008
54.50341.399 51.554
69.340
97.540116.774
139.576
170.063
201.961
0
50.000
100.000
150.000
200.000
Value US$
(000.000)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Years
TURKEY
ECONOMYTurkey’s Total Foreign Trade in Years
277.335
333.926
300.000
350.000
Total Foreign Trade 2000-2008
82.278 72.733 87.612
116.593
160.707
190.251
225.111
0
50.000
100.000
150.000
200.000
250.000
Value
(000.000 US$)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008Years
TURKEY
Top 10 Trade(Export)Partnersof Turkey
• GERMANY USD 12,949
• UNITED KINGDOM USD 8,161
-41% to 7 countries, 6 of them EU Countries
(US$ 000.000)
• UNITED KINGDOM USD 8,161
• U.A.E USD 7,975
• ITALY USD 7,814
• FRANCE USD 6,615
• RUSSIA USD 6,478
• USA USD 4,290
• SPAIN USD 4,044
• ROMANIA USD 3,981
• IRAQ USD 3,915
TURKEY
• RUSSIA USD 31,365
• GERMANY USD 18,687
Top 10 Trade (IMPORT)Partners ofTurkey
(USD 000.000)
• CHINA USD 15,658
• USA USD 11,976
• ITALY USD 11,012
• FRANCE USD 9,022
• IRAN USD 8,200
• UKRAINE USD 6,106
• SWITZERLAND USD 5,589
• UNITED KINGDOM USD 5,324
TURKEY
LOGISTICSRegional Freight Flow
TURKEY
LOGISTICSInt’l Freight Value
US$ %
Export+Imports (USD)OTHER;
14.958,171;
4%AIR;
27.323,762; US$ %
SEA 180.752,610 54,2
RAIL 3.868,644 1,2
ROAD 106.887,513 32,0
AIR 27.323,762 8,2
OTHER 14.958,171 4,5
TOTAL 333.790,700 100,0
RAIL;
3.868,644; 1%
ROAD;
106.887,513;
32%
SEA;
180.752,610;
55%
8%
Rail Freight Figures Are As of End November 2008
TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Ocean TransportPorts in Turkey
TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Ocean TransportContainers Handled in 2008
3.120.357,00
30000003500000
TEU Volume in 2008
-Total 4,9 Million TEU
-67% in Marmara Region
845.273 922.09916.864
0500000
10000001500000200000025000003000000
TEU Value
Marmara Aegean Mediterranean Black
Seas
TURKEY
LOGISTICS - Ocean TransportAmbarlı Port Complex in Istanbul
TURKEY
LOGISTICS - Ocean TransportAmbarlı Port Complex in Istanbul
Facts & Figures
- 7 Terminals
- About USD 23 Billions of trade volume- About USD 23 Billions of trade volume
- 2.07 million TEU handled in 2008
- 42,16% of Turkey, 66,27% of the region
- 2nd largest in East-Med, bigger than Pireaus
- 7% of Turkish Foreign Trade is being handled
TURKEY
LOGISTICS - Ocean TransportAmbarlı Port Complex in Istanbul
4.000.0004.500.0005.000.000
Ambarlı, Marmara, Turkey Comparison
0500.000
1.000.0001.500.0002.000.0002.500.0003.000.0003.500.0004.000.000
TEU
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Years
Ambarlı TEU Marmara TEU Total Turkey TEU
TURKEY
LOGISTICS - Ocean TransportAmbarlı Port Complex in Istanbul
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Ambarlı TEU 358.000 564.000 775.000 1.078.000 1.186.000 1.446.269 1.939.864 2.067.943 Ambarlı TEU 358.000 564.000 775.000 1.078.000 1.186.000 1.446.269 1.939.864 2.067.943
Marmara TEU 763.334 1.007.317 1.311.882 1.723.246 1.907.497 2.285.311 2.944.937 3.120.357
Turkey TEU 1.533.457 1.933.218 2.444.525 3.053.370 3.300.316 3.822.727 4.711.523 4.904.593
Ambarlı vs.
Marmara 46,90% 55,99% 59,08% 62,56% 62,18% 63,29% 65,87% 66,27%
Ambarlı vs.
Turkey 23,35% 29,17% 31,70% 35,31% 35,94% 37,83% 41,17% 42,16%
TURKEY
LOGISTICS - Ocean TransportIstanbul – Transit Hub For Black Sea
TURKEY
LOGISTICS - Ocean TransportMERSIN – Preparing to be the leader of region
- One of the most important logistics centers for Turkey
and Middle East and Central Asia (CIS)
- Due to geogrophical location and multi-mode connection facilities- Due to geogrophical location and multi-mode connection facilities
- Seaport / Free Zone / Railway / Airport / Truck formation
- Studies have been started in coordination with the Undersecreteriat
of Foreign Trade to establih logistics center
- Project is funded by EU
- Recently, a new RO-RO line from Mersin to Trieste (Italy)
became operational
TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Ocean TransportPort Privatizations
- Hopa Port, Park Holding - 1997
In last 5 years Turkish Ports have gone through successful
Privatization process. Global players like Hatchison, PSA, Dubai Ports
have taken part in this process.
- Hopa Port, Park Holding - 1997
- Trabzon Port, Albayrak Group - 2003
- Derince, Turkerler Group – 2007
- Antalya Port, Çelebi & Kutman JV – 2007
- Mersin Port, PSA - 2007
- Container handling has increased 30%
- Break bulk handling capacity has reached to 4 million tons
- Vessel waiting time for berthing is down to 1 hour
-Samsun Port, Ceynak Logistics – 2008
-Bandırma Port, Çelebi Group - 2008
USD 2,8 Billion privatization revenue has been achieved
TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Road Transport Intl.
TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Road TransportVery regulated market place:
- A new law introduced in 2002
- Main principles are:
- Professional aptitude (proved by training & exam)
- Financial competence (proved by capital stock)- Financial competence (proved by capital stock)
- Professional credibility / good reputation
- The new law introduces 39 different type of licenses
Turkey is member to:
- TIR system
- CMR Convention
- ADR
TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Road TransportLargest Truck Fleet in Europe
TOTALTOTAL
TRUCK TRUCK 44.03944.039
LORRIESLORRIES 15.61315.613LORRIESLORRIES 15.61315.613
TRAILERTRAILER 3.0253.025
SEMISEMI--TRAILERTRAILER 52.58352.583
TANK TRAILERTANK TRAILER 723723
TOTAL CAPACITY (tons)TOTAL CAPACITY (tons) 1.194,8801.194,880
Number of CompaniesNumber of Companies 1.4201.420
Informations are as of end September 2008
TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Road TransportMajor routes
To the West:
- by road via Balkans
- by ro/ro services via Italy
To Russia and Central Asia (CIS)
- by various ro/ro services from Black Sea Ports to Russian Ports
- by road via Iran
- by road via Georgia
To the Middle East, Near East and Gulf Countries:
- by road via Iran / Iraq / Syria / Jordan
TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Road TransportForeign Trade on the Road
Value Of Goods By Road
60.000
70.000
80.000
90.000
100.000
-Total road freight revenue in 2008 USD 4,5 Billion
- Major destination is Europe, share in total 51%
0
10.000
20.000
30.000
40.000
50.000
60.000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
YearsValue
(.000)
TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Ro/Ro Operations
TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Ro/Ro Operations
140000160000180000
Nr.Of Trucks Used Ro/Ro
-In 2008, 18% of road traffic is moved by ro/ro services
- 50% share in Europe trucking
020000400006000080000
100000120000140000
Traffic
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Years
TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Railway TransportRailway Network
TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Railway Transport
-Total length of the railways 10.984 km
- 21% is electrified
- Private companies can operate their own freighter cars- Private companies can operate their own freighter cars
- Monthly block train departures has reached to 3750
- 750 block trains for international operations
- 7 block train routes to Europe
- Automotive transportation by rail
TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Railway Transport
2.500,000
3.000,000
3.500,000
TCDD Cargo Valumes
0,000
500,000
1.000,000
1.500,000
2.000,000
2.500,000Volumes
(Tons)
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Years
Rail Freight figures are as of end November 2008
TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Rail-Ferry Lines
TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Railway Transport
Two Major Projects:
- MARMARAY- MARMARAY
Underground Connection between
Istanbul’s European and Asian sides
- BAKU / TBILISI / KARS
Railway Connection
of Anatolia with Caucasus
TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Railway TransportMarmaray Project
- Rail tube-tınnel beneath
BosphorusBosphorus
- Linking Europe rail network to
Middle East and CIS
- Total length 1387m
- Planned to be in use by 2010
TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Railway TransportBaku/Tbilisi/Kars
TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Railway TransportRegional Route Development
1- Hopa – Batumi Railway Connection
2- Samsun – Poti Ferry Connection
3- Baku – Tbilisi – Kars Railway Connection
TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Air Transport
- 24 Domestic Airports - 23 International Airports
TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Air Transport
-Total 17 Airlines acredited by Civil Aviation
- Representing 270 aircrafts
- 74.387.000 passengers / 1.130.464(including cargo,
baggage and mail-only cargo 335.485 tons) tons cargobaggage and mail-only cargo 335.485 tons) tons cargo
- Flag Carrier – TURKISH AIRLINES
- 128 Passenger plane / 4 Cargo plane
- Other Carriers
- MNG Airlines / 16 Cargo plane
- ACT Airlines / 7 Cargo plane
- Kuzu Airlines / 7 Cargo plane
TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Air TransportFreight Volume
AIR FREIGHT TRAFFIC
2.000.000
Domestic International Total
75.19% Int’l traffic
0
500.000
1.000.000
1.500.000
2.000.000
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Years
Tons
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Domestic 181.198 188.936 262.647 315.858 373.055 414.192 399.213
ınernational 698.935 742.255 860.461 933.697 973.934 1.131.833 1.130.464
Total 880.133 931.191 1.123.108 1.249.555 1.346.989 1.546.025 1.529.677
*Cargo, Baggeges and mails
TURKEY
LOGISTICS Regional Cooperation Agreements
TRACECA – The New Silk Route
- Turkey is member to TRACECA Interstate–Programme
- And party to MLA, Basic Multilateral Agreement- And party to MLA, Basic Multilateral Agreement
ECO – Economic Cooperation Organization
- Transit Transport Framework Agreement
These agreements contain standards and regulations aimed at
the facilitation and harmonization of transit transport for the
signatories, including the republics of Central Asia.
TURKEY
LOGISTICS – TRACECA
TURKEY
LOGISTICS – ECOECOLPAF – ECO Logistics Providers Associations
Federation
TURKEY
LOGISTICS – ECOECOLPAF – ECO Logistics Providers Associations
Federation
ECOLPAF is under establishment by:
- ICC, Istanbul Chamber of Commerce
- UTIKAD, Turkish Freight Forwarders and Logistics Service Providers Association- UTIKAD, Turkish Freight Forwarders and Logistics Service Providers Association
ECOLPAF’s Mission:Representation of the vast majority of National Organisations of ECO
Freight Related Service Providers