turn in vocabulary to basket for your hour. get out a sheet of paper for cornell notes get out...
TRANSCRIPT
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TURN IN VOCABULARY TO BASKET FOR YOUR HOUR.
GET OUT A SHEET OF PAPER FOR CORNELL NOTES
GET OUT AGENDA
Bellwork
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This week..
Homework Chapter 4Quiz FRIDAY! (not Thursday)
Vocabulary for chapter 3 due Friday.
Write this in your agenda.
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NameDateHourChapter 3
What were the Datescharacteristics of Arch. DigAmerica’s earliest Archeologistpeople?
Paleo IndiansClovisFolsomForagersWoodland Plains VillageMoundbuildersPlains Indians**
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NameDateHour Great Depression (BACK)
FDR
Racial Discrimination
SUMMARY At the end of the notes you will put a 3 sentence summary of the notes.
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Chapter 3:Chapter 3:Early Cultures in Our LandEarly Cultures in Our Land
Section 1: Section 1: The Earliest People
Section 2: Section 2: Historic Indian Cultures
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Section 1: The Earliest Section 1: The Earliest PeoplePeople
ESSENTIAL QUESTION: What were the characteristics of Oklahoma’s earliest
people?
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• First prehistoric people (those who lived before recorded history) reached the Americas millions of years after the dinosaurs became extinct
• First people in America here some 12,000 to 25,000 years ago
Section 1: The Earliest Section 1: The Earliest PeoplePeople
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• Artifacts include people-used items such as – pottery, tools, bone, jewelry, & paintings
• Petroglyphs: pictures or symbols conveying an idea
How we found themHow we found them
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http://www.ou.edu/cas/archsur/counties/mcintosh.htm
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• Archaeological “dig”: excavation of a site where people lived or worked
• Archaeologists: study and document any fragment of an artifact discovered
• Piece together artifacts to help tell more about past peoples
Searching for CluesSearching for Clues
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• Fossils: traces or remains of living things – animals, birds, & people
• Most common fossils: teeth, bones, or shells
• Carbon dating: isotope carbon 14 – analyzed to obtain age estimates on organic matter
Searching for CluesSearching for Clues
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http://www.snomnh.ou.edu/collections-research/cr-sub/invertpaleo/common_fossils_of_ok/index.shtml
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• DNA studies, fluorine dating, & dendrochronology: other methods of determining the age of an artifact
• Fossil pollen: can be clues to types of plants from the past
• Historical overlap of cultural periods
Searching for CluesSearching for Clues
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• Earliest people to America from Asia
• Bering Strait & “land bridge”• Warm ocean currents helpful• Over 16,000 prehistoric &
early American Indian sites in Oklahoma
Prehistoric CulturesPrehistoric Cultures
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• 1961: scientists discover evidence of Paleo Indian hunters in Oklahoma
• Columbian mammoth: bones found at the Cooperton site in Kiowa County
• Soil deposits: date to about 30,000 years ago at Burnham site
Paleo IndiansPaleo Indians
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http://www.ou.edu/cas/archsur/counties/kiowa.htm
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• Clovis People: named after the New Mexico site of first artifacts
• Known for their spears (spear point usually 3-4 inches long)
• Important Clovis site near Stecker in Caddo County
• First hunted mammoths & then switched to bison
Clovis PeopleClovis People
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http://lithiccastinglab.com/cast-page/2002decemberdomeboclovis.htm
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• Folsom People: sites include the Cooper Bonebed & the Waugh site as evidenced by various spear points and a painted bison skull
• Dalton people: lived some 9,000-10,000 years ago
• Skilled in clothing, containers, tools, & covers for shelters
Folsom PeopleFolsom People
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http://www.ou.edu/cas/archsur/counties/harper.htm\
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• Hunters and harvesters• Made flour & stored it in baskets• Pieces of bone & antler: became
spear points, needles, awls, punches, and atlatl hooks
• Ate a variety of wild animals• Knew how to start a fire with a
wood drill
Archaic Culture ForagersArchaic Culture Foragers
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• About 2,000 years ago, Woodland culture emerged
• Planted, cultivated, & harvested• First farms: in the Grand River
area, the Ouachita Mts, the Cimarron River area, and along the Canadian & Washita Rivers
• Bow and arrow came in about this time and made hunting easier
Woodland CultureWoodland Culture
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• Lived in Oklahoma from about 1,200 to 500 years ago
• Grew corn, beans, squash, gourds, sunflowers, & tobacco
• Hunted bison & deer• Also ate hickory nuts, walnuts,
hackberry seed, wild cherries, plums, persimmons & others
Plains Village FarmersPlains Village Farmers
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• Built the Spiro Mounds• Various historical backgrounds• Lived in small farming villages• Spiro men & women: painted
themselves with colorful paints• Fine craftsmen: worked with
stone, shell, & copper• Still live in the area
The MoundbuildersThe Moundbuilders
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• Resorted to the more nomadic way of life
• Hunted buffalo, deer, antelope, rabbit, or whatever available
• Forged for wild plant foods• Lived in grass houses covered
with buffalo hide• May be ancestors of Wichitas
Early Plains IndiansEarly Plains Indians
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Section 2: Section 2: Historic Indian Historic Indian CulturesCultures
ESSENTIAL QUESTION: What elements of culture were exhibited by the Indians
during first contact with Europeans?
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Section 2: Section 2: Historic Indian Historic Indian CulturesCultures
What words do I need to know? 1. viceroy2. barter3. totem4. shaman5. polygamy
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Section 2: Section 2: Historic Indian Historic Indian CulturesCultures
PREVIEW Check out the headings and
subheadings Examine the pictures and read
the captions
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Section 2: Section 2: Historic Indian CulturesHistoric Indian Cultures
1. First Encounters
2. Indian Culture
- The Family - Food
- Plants
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First EncountersFirst Encounters 1493: Coronado’s expedition
first recorded contact between Indians & the Spanish
1542: Spanish monks at Kaw 1601: Juan de Oñate –
explored western Oklahoma Mid-1700s: French hunters
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Indian CultureIndian Culture Indians: believed in afterlife Cowards & thieves punished Life sacred to the Plains tribes Believed in Mother Earth Believed all things tied together Honesty expected
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Indian CultureIndian CultureThe Family Marriages permitted between
related tribes & could have more than one wife
Men: warriors & hunters Women: kept the home & family
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Indian CultureIndian CultureFood Women: prepared the food Meats: eaten raw, roasted,
boiled, or dried Wild animals were food source Other foods were wild honey &
other natural foods
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Indian CultureIndian CulturePlants Used many wildflowers & plants About 170 used by Indians Many used for medicine
Much of their time spent in surviving
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Level Questions• Level 1 question- (fill in the blank)
– EX: _________ is the name for the day when the stock market crashed.
• Level 2- (not in the text, read between lines)– EX: Compare and contrast….– EX: Describe your own words…..– EX: How is _____ related to_______......
• Level 3- (Hypothesis, or application, much like an essay) – EX: do you agree that ...? what do you think about ...? what is the
most important ...? place the following in order of priority ...
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Compare /Contrast
Tribe 1 Tribe 2
Similarities
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Let’s Move around
• Find someone with completely different tribes than you and share the Venn Diagram with them.
• Have a seat
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When done…
• Work on Chapter 3 Vocab. Due Friday