Turtle Pet Trade in Jakarta

By Aeschylus

Indonesian turtles are very appreciated in Indonesian turtles are very appreciated in the International pet trade, In addition to the International pet trade, In addition to

this Indonesia is importing a wide this Indonesia is importing a wide variation of exotic turtles to supply their variation of exotic turtles to supply their own growing turtle pet market, mainly in own growing turtle pet market, mainly in

Jakarta.Jakarta.

In the last decades the interest in keeping In the last decades the interest in keeping turtles as pets has grown rapidly. As a turtles as pets has grown rapidly. As a

result of this a large international market result of this a large international market has developed for these animals.has developed for these animals.

Exported Indonesian turtles for the international pet Exported Indonesian turtles for the international pet trade go mainly to United States, Europe and Japan trade go mainly to United States, Europe and Japan

and in less numbers to big capitals of South East and in less numbers to big capitals of South East Asian countries such as Kuala Lumpur, Bangkok Asian countries such as Kuala Lumpur, Bangkok

and Singapore. Together with Jakarta this creates and Singapore. Together with Jakarta this creates an international trade net in where is possible find an international trade net in where is possible find

any species, rare or common, protected or not.any species, rare or common, protected or not.

Turtles can be divided in Turtles can be divided in three groups:three groups:

- Indonesian species - Indonesian species for Exportfor Export

- Indonesian species - Indonesian species for Local Marketsfor Local Markets

- Exotic species - Exotic species Imported into Imported into IndonesiaIndonesia

Family-Species Distribution IUCN Status Legal Status

CarettochelydaeCarettochelys insculpta Irian Jaya Vulnerable Protected

ChelidaeChelodina mccordiChelodina novaeguineaeChelodina parkeriChelodina reinmanniChelodina siebenrockiElseya branderhorstiiElseya novaeguineaeElseya schultzeiEmydura subglobosa

Rote islandSouth Irian JayaSouth Irian JayaSouth Irian JayaSouth Irian JayaSouth Irian JayaNorth Irian JayaSouth Irian JayaSouth Irian Jaya

Crit. endangered------------------VulnerableLow RiskLow Risk

Vulnerable------------------------------------------------------

Not ProtectedProtected

Not ProtectedNot ProtectedNot ProtectedNot protected

ProtectedNot ProtectedNot Protected

TrinoychidaeAmyda cartilagineaChitra chitra javanicusDogania subplanaPelochelys bibroniPelochelys cantoriiPelodiscus sinensis*

Sumatra, Java, Kalim, (Sulaw ?)Sumatra, Java

Sumatra, Java, Kalim.South Irian Jaya

Sum, Java, Kalim, Irian, Sul?Sumatra (INTRODUCED)

VulnerableCrit. Endangered----------------------

VulnerableEndangeredVulnerable

Not ProtectedProtected

Not ProtectedNot ProtectedNot ProtectedNot Protected

GeoemydidaeBatagur baskaCallagur borneoensisOrlitia borneensisCuora amboinensis ( 3 subspp.)Cyclemys dentataCyclemys oldhamiHeosemys spinosaLeucocephalon yuwonoiMalayemys subtrijugaNotochelys platynotaSiebenrockiella crassicollis

SumatraSumatra, KalimantanSumatra, Kalimantan

Sum, Kalim, Java, Sul, NT,MalukSum, Java, KalimSum, Java, Kalim

Sum, KalimSulawesi

Sum, JavaSum, Java, KalimSum, Java, Kalim

Crit. EndangeredCrit. Endangered

EndangeredVulnerableLow RiskLow Risk

EndangeredCrit. Endangered

VulnerableVulnerableVulnerable

ProtectedNot Protected

ProtectedNot ProtectedNot ProtectedNot ProtectedNot ProtectedNot ProtectedNot ProtectedNot ProtectedNot Protected

TestudinidaeIndotestudo forsteniManouria emys

SulawesiSum, Kalim

EndangeredEndangered

Not ProtectedNot Protected

EmydidaeTrachemys scripta elegans*

Trachemys terrapen*Sum, Java, Kali, Sul, Irian (INTRODUCED)

Sul, Irian, Java (INTRODUCED)

--------------------

--------------------

Not Protected

Not Protected

List of Indonesian Freshwater Turtles

Five endemic species in Indonesia Five endemic species in Indonesia and one subspecies.and one subspecies.

Only one is protected !!!Only one is protected !!!

Chelodina mccordiChelodina mccordi Critically endangered and close to the extinction. Critically endangered and close to the extinction. NOT PROTECTEDNOT PROTECTED Leucocephalon yuwonoiLeucocephalon yuwonoi Critically endangered. Critically endangered. NOT PROTECTEDNOT PROTECTED Indotestudo forsteniiIndotestudo forstenii Endangered. Endangered. NOT PROTECTEDNOT PROTECTED Chelodina reinmanniChelodina reinmanni Endangered. Endangered. NOT PROTECTEDNOT PROTECTED Elseya branderhostiElseya branderhosti Vulnerable. Vulnerable. NOT PROTECTEDNOT PROTECTED Chitra chitra javanicusChitra chitra javanicus Critically endangered. PROTECTEDCritically endangered. PROTECTED

Four other critically endangered and endangered Four other critically endangered and endangered Indonesian Turtle species are not protected as wellIndonesian Turtle species are not protected as well

Local hunters harvest the turtles from the wild

Local collectors

Middle Man

Selection

Consumption Markets

Pet Trade

Turtle Pet Traders in Jakarta

International Pet Markets

Jakarta PetMarkets

Turtle distribution process inside Indonesia

Indonesian species Indonesian species for Exportfor Export

The number of Indonesian turtles exported from Jakarta is much higher than the number which

quotas allow. This suggests that the export quotas are not controlled.

Thousands of illegal

turtles are being

exported from

Jakarta each year

No Control at the No Control at the AirportAirport

Turtles exported from Jakarta Turtles exported from Jakarta Airport are not checked at Airport are not checked at

Quarantine and are not Quarantine and are not identified due to the lack of identified due to the lack of

knowledge. Because of this knowledge. Because of this no no one knows which species and in one knows which species and in

what numbers are being what numbers are being exported.exported.

All the turtle export quotas in All the turtle export quotas in Indonesia are reserved for Indonesia are reserved for

Pets, so by definitionPets, so by definition ….. …..

ALL TURTLES EXPORTED FROM ALL TURTLES EXPORTED FROM INDONESIA TO SUPPLY THE INDONESIA TO SUPPLY THE COMSUMTION MARKETS IN COMSUMTION MARKETS IN

CHINA IS ILLEGALCHINA IS ILLEGAL !!!!!!!!

Turtle movements into and Turtle movements into and outside Indonesiaoutside Indonesia

Exotic turtles from all over the

world

Japan

Bangkok

Singapore

Jakarta

Indonesian

species

Indonesian pet markets

Bali

North AmericaEurope

Indonesian species

Exotic species

Indonesian species for Indonesian species for Local MarketsLocal Markets

Most of the Indonesian

turtles species in the local markets are illegal. This includes even non protected species due to exceeding the

harvesting quotas.

It is possible to see protected It is possible to see protected species of turtles for sale in the species of turtles for sale in the different markets on any given different markets on any given

day. day.

In the month of August, 2004 alone: 99 Indonesian Protected turtles have been reported in

Jakarta markets

Exotic species Exotic species Imported into Imported into IndonesiaIndonesia

Any exotic turtle species can be found

in Jakarta markets, all without any

import permits.

Exotic species, once they Exotic species, once they enter in Indonesia, don’t have enter in Indonesia, don’t have any kind of protection. Even any kind of protection. Even

the most rare species of the most rare species of turtles in the world, including turtles in the world, including

CITES I species. CITES I species.

Exotic Exotic species species

imported imported into into

Indonesia Indonesia are sent are sent

from Japan, from Japan, Bangkok and Bangkok and Singapore.Singapore.

Indonesian Species First survey4-6 Aug 04

Second survey

16-18 Aug 04

Thirh Survey28-31 Aug 04

Total Per species

Price Per Species

Price in total

Batagur baska 2 0 0 2 1,500,000 3,000,000

Callagur borneoensis 4 1 0 5 700,000 3,500,000

Orlitia borneensis 27 12 3 42 70.000-1.000.000 25,200,000

Chelodina parkeri 0 0 1 1 500,000 500,000

Chelodina siebenrocki 350 23 38 411 50.000-500.000 41,000,000

Carettochelys insculpta 31 8 0 39 65.000-600.000 5,850,000

Cyclemys dentata 56 24 47 127 30.000-60.000 6,350,000

Heosemys spinosa 25 12 18 55 100.000-350.000 12,375,000

Leucocephalon yuwonoi 27 3 5 35 200.000-500.000 12,250,000

Malayemys subtrijuga 13 2 6 21 50.000-150.000 2,100,000

Notochelys platynota 18 4 37 59 40.000-90.000 4,130,000

Siebenrockiella crassicollis 47 7 33 87 30.000-70.000 4,350,000

Cuora amboinensis 163 42 54 259 30.000-60.000 160,360,000

Elseya novaeguineae 7 3 5 15 150.000-350.000 3,750,000

Elseya schultz 16 3 9 28 150.000-350.000 7,000,000

Emydura subglobosa 3 0 0 3 150.000-350.000 750,000

Indotestudo forsteni 36 10 6 52 200.000-300.000 13,000,000

Manouria emys 17 9 10 36 150.000-800.000 14,400,000

Amyda cartilaginea 3 1 1 5 150,000 750,000

Chitra chitra javanicus 0 1 0 1 600,000 600,000

Dogania subplana 1 0 1 2 30,000 60,000

Pelochelys cantorii 0 2 0 2 no data  

List of the turtles found in Jakarta Markets during August 2004

Total 22 different species 846 167 274 1287   321.275.000

Trachemys scripta elegans EXOTIC (US) 180 110 200 490 20.000-60.000 19,600,000

Geochelone radiata EXOTIC (Madagascar) 12 3 0 15 2'5-16 millions 105,000,000

Geochelone carbonaria EXOTIC (Noth South America) 9 0 2 11 2,000,000 44,000,000

Goechelone denticulata EXOTIC (Noth South America) 4 0 0 4 2,000,000 8,000,000

Geochelone pardalis EXOTIC (South Africa) 3 0 1 4 1,750,000 7,000,000

Geochelone sulcata EXOTIC (North Africa) 0 2 0 2 2,000,000 4,000,000

Gochelone elegans EXOTIC (India) 97 12 23 132 250.000-1.500.000 105,600,000

Pyxis arachnoides EXOTIC (Madagascar) 7 0 0 7 2,500,000 17,500,000

Kinixys beliana EXOTIC (South Africa) 0 4 0 4 2,500,000 10,000,000

Maurenys japonica EXOTIC (Japan) 2 0 0 2 350,000 700,000

Podocnemys unifilis EXOTIC (South America) 1 0 0 1 1,500,000 1,500,000

Phrynops goefranus EXOTIC (South America) 0 0 1 1 1,800,000 1,800,000

Chelus fimbriatus EXOTIC (South America) 17 0 0 17 2,500,000 42,500,000

Kachuga tecta EXOTIC (India) 48 0 0 48 500,000 24,000,000

Graptemys sp. EXOTIC (North America) 97 0 0 97 350,000 33,950,000

Chelydra serpentina EXOTIC (North America) 0 2 8 10 700.000-1.500.000 12,000,000

Macrochelys tenmincki EXOTIC (North America) 2 0 4 6 700.000-2.000.000 9,000,000

Testudo graeca EXOTIC (Europe) 1 4 0 5 1,500,000 7,500,000

Testudo hermanni EXOTIC (Europe) 0 0 3 3 1,500,000 4,500,000

Pelusios sp. EXOTIC (Africa) 0 0 2 2 350,000 700,000

Geoclemys hamiltoni EXOTIC (India) 0 0 3 3 1,600,000 4,800,000

Heosemys grandis EXOTIC (South East Asia) 4 0 5 9 250,000 2,250,000

Total 22 different species 484 137 252 837   465.880.000

Exotic Species First survey4-6 Aug 04

Second survey16-18 Aug 04

Thirh Survey28-31 Aug 04

Total Per species

Price Per Species

Price in total

TOTAL 44 species, 22 locals, 22 exoticTOTAL 44 species, 22 locals, 22 exotic 1330 304 526 2160   787,175,000