two sources of information

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Two Sources ofInformation

Presented by:

Group 1Fourth Year Einstein


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What are Primary Sources?

A primary source is a documentorphysical object which was written ocreated during the time under studThese sources were present during a

experience or time period and offerinside view of a particular event.


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Primary sources enable the researcher to get

as possible to what actually happened during historical event or time period. A primary soureflects the individual viewpoint of a participaobserver. Many primary sources are unique anonly be found in one library or manuscript co

in the world. Fortunately, many have also beeonto microfilm, published, reissued, translatedsome instances, published digitally on theweb. Remember, however, your best source mbe on the web.


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Primary sources are characterizedby their content, regardless ofwhether they are available inoriginal format, in

microfilm/microfiche, in digitalformat, or in published format.


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Examples of Primary Sources: Diaries and journals

Diaries and journals

Example: Anne Frank was a teenagerduring World War II. She kept a diaryor journal the years before she died ina concentration camp. Her diary waslater published as the Diary of AnneFrank. This is a primary source.

Example: Sarah Morgan was young

woman during the Civil War. Shewrote in her diary or journal whathappened to her and her family duringthe war. This is a primary documentbecause it was first hand. She wrote itat the time it happened.

Sarah Morgan Dawson: A ConfederateGirl's Diary
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Diary_of_Anne_Frankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Diary_of_Anne_Frankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Diary_of_Anne_Frankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Diary_of_Anne_Frankhttp://docsouth.unc.edu/fpn/dawson/dawson.htmlhttp://docsouth.unc.edu/fpn/dawson/dawson.htmlhttp://docsouth.unc.edu/fpn/dawson/dawson.htmlhttp://docsouth.unc.edu/fpn/dawson/dawson.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Diary_of_Anne_Frankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Diary_of_Anne_Frank


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Speeches are considered PrimarySources.

Examples of Speeches:Abraham LincolnsGettysburg Address

Martin Luther KingsI Have a Dream

All of the PresidentsInaugurationSpeeches.


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Published first-hand accounts,or stories are consideredprimary resources.

Example: 2008 Presidentialcandidate Senator JohnMcCain talked about hisown experiences as aVietnam prisoner of war. Itis a primary source becausehe was there, experienced theevents and shared it firsthand.

The television stations foundfootage of Senator McCain atthe time that he was released.Those videos are alsoconsidered primary sourcesbecause it was filmed when itoccurred.


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Sound Recordings and interviewsare considered primary resources.

Example 1: During the GreatDepression and World War II,television had not beeninvented yet. The people wouldoften sit around the radio tolisten to President Rooseveltswar messages. Those radioaddresses are consideredprimary sources.

Example 2: During the 2008election Barack Obama, hadmany interviews that weretelevised. Those interviews areconsidered primary sources.


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Photographs and videos areprimary sources.

Example 1: Photographersduring World War II tookphotographs of battlesand/or events during thewar. Those photographs areprimary sources. Those weretaken during actual events.

Example 2: The same holdstrue for videos or film

created during an event. Afilm was made interviewingPresident Bush. That filmwould be considered aprimary source.


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Letters areconsidered primarydocuments. Example: Soldiersduring wars wrote totheir families aboutwar events theyexperienced. Those

letters are consideredprimary sources.

See example of CivilWar Letters
http://www.civilwarletters.com/letters_toc.htmlhttp://www.civilwarletters.com/letters_toc.htmlhttp://www.civilwarletters.com/letters_toc.htmlhttp://www.civilwarletters.com/letters_toc.html


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What are Secondary Sources?

A secondary source interprets andanalyzes primary sources. Thesesources are one or more stepsremoved from the event. Secondarysources may have pictures, quotesor graphics of primary sources inthem.


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A secondary source is something written about aprimary source.

Secondary sources are written "after the fact" - thatat a later date.

Usually the author of a secondary source will havestudied the primary sources of an historical period or

event and will then interpret the "evidence" found inthese sources.

You can think of secondary sources as second-handinformation.


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Secondary Sources

Think about it like this. If I tell you something, I am the primarysource. If you tell someone else what I toldyou, you are the secondary source.

Secondary source materials can be articles inewspapers, magazines, books or articlesfound that evaluate or criticize someoneelse's original research


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Secondary Sources

Biography

Example: A biography iswhen you write aboutanother persons life.

Alice Fleming wrote abiography on the life of

Martin Luther King Jr.This is a secondarydocument. It waswritten about him afterhe died.


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Primary or Secondary Sources?

Newspaper and Magazine articles

can be a primary or secondarysources.

If the article was written at thetime something happened, thenit is a primary source.

Example: The articles writtenon Barack Obamas inaugurationin 2009 are primary sources.

However, if a reporter in 2009wrote about GeorgeWashingtons inauguration usinginformation written by someoneelse (1789), that would be asecondary source.


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A short video presregarding primary

secondary sources


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I hope you gain something from ourpresentation about primary and secondarysources.


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Thank You and GodBless!-Group 1 Fourth Year Einstein

two sources of information

Documents