ty erne e us v cchia · erne e intellectual property is: 0 the intangible creative work, not its...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: ty erne e US v cchia · erne e Intellectual Property is: 0 The intangible creative work, not its particular physical form 0 Value of intelligence and artistic work comes from creativity,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042806/5f6c540f706008048661f253/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Day 9 IntellectualProperty
CopyrightUSvLaMacchiaNoElectronicTheftAct
TheBerne
Convention
FairUseDoc
trine
![Page 2: ty erne e US v cchia · erne e Intellectual Property is: 0 The intangible creative work, not its particular physical form 0 Value of intelligence and artistic work comes from creativity,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042806/5f6c540f706008048661f253/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Intellectual Property is: 0 Theintangiblecreativework,notitsparticularphysicalform0 Valueofintelligenceandartisticworkcomesfromcreativity,ideas,research,skills,labor,non-materialeffortsthecreatorprovides0 Protectedbycopyrightandpatentlaw0 Globalcopyrightagreement:(1886):signatorycountriesagreetoenforcecopyrightviolationsacrossborders(adoptedinUS:1988)
TextbookChapter42
![Page 3: ty erne e US v cchia · erne e Intellectual Property is: 0 The intangible creative work, not its particular physical form 0 Value of intelligence and artistic work comes from creativity,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042806/5f6c540f706008048661f253/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Berne Signatory Countries
3"BerneConventionsignatories"byUser:Conscious-Ownwork.ThisWilewasderivedfrom:BlankMap-World6.svgBerneConvention.png.LicensedunderCCBY-SA3.0viaCommons-https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Berne_Convention_signatories.svg#/media/File:Berne_Convention_signatories.svg
![Page 4: ty erne e US v cchia · erne e Intellectual Property is: 0 The intangible creative work, not its particular physical form 0 Value of intelligence and artistic work comes from creativity,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042806/5f6c540f706008048661f253/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
IP History in (mostly) the US 0 1790Wirstcopyrightlaw:termof14years0 1831:termextendedto28years0 1886Berneconventionsignedbyfoundingcountries(notUS)0 1909CopyrightAct:term28years,possiblerenewal+280 1976and1980copyrightlawrevisedtoincludesoftwareanddatabasesthatexhibit"authorship"(originalexpressionofideas),includedthe"FairUseDoctrine”,life+50years
0 1982high-volumecopyingbecameafelony0 1988:USsignsBerneagreement0 1992makingmultiplecopiesforcommercialadvantageandprivategainbecameafelony
0 1998:termlife+70years0 FYI:MickeyMousecopyrightedin1928.
Textbookp.185-1864http://artlawjournal.com/mickey-mouse-keeps-changing-copyright-law/
![Page 5: ty erne e US v cchia · erne e Intellectual Property is: 0 The intangible creative work, not its particular physical form 0 Value of intelligence and artistic work comes from creativity,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042806/5f6c540f706008048661f253/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Copyright holder rights: 0 U.ScopyrightLaw(Title17ofU.S.Code)givescopyrightholder
1. Tomakecopies2. Toproducederivativeworks,suchastranslations
intootherlanguagesormoviesbasedonbooks3. Todistributecopies4. Toperformtheworkinpublic(e.g.music,plays)5. Todisplaytheworkinpublic(e.g.artwork,
movies,computergames,videoonaWebsite)Textbookp182
5
![Page 6: ty erne e US v cchia · erne e Intellectual Property is: 0 The intangible creative work, not its particular physical form 0 Value of intelligence and artistic work comes from creativity,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042806/5f6c540f706008048661f253/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
0 DigitaltechnologyandtheInternetmakecopyrightinfringementeasierandcheaper.0 NewcompressiontechnologiesmakecopyinglargeWiles(e.g.graphics,videoandaudioWiles)feasible.0 SearchenginesmakeWindingmaterialeasier.0 Peer-to-peertechnologymakestransferringandsharingWileseasier.
and… à6
CopyrightCrisis
![Page 7: ty erne e US v cchia · erne e Intellectual Property is: 0 The intangible creative work, not its particular physical form 0 Value of intelligence and artistic work comes from creativity,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042806/5f6c540f706008048661f253/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
0 BroadbandconnectionsmaketransferringWileseasierandenablestreamingvideo.0 Miniaturizationofcamerasandotherequipmentenableaudiencememberstorecordandtransmitevents.0 Scannersallowustochangethemediaofacopyrightedwork,convertingprintedtext,photos,andartworktoelectronicform.0 Newtoolsallowustomodifygraphics,videoandaudioWilestomakederivativeworks.
7
![Page 8: ty erne e US v cchia · erne e Intellectual Property is: 0 The intangible creative work, not its particular physical form 0 Value of intelligence and artistic work comes from creativity,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042806/5f6c540f706008048661f253/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Points of View § Weshouldrecognizethat“theproblem”looksdifferentfromdifferentperspec8ves.§ Consumers?§ Writers,singers,ar8sts,actors?§ Entertainmentindustry?§ Amateurs?§ Scholars?
8
![Page 9: ty erne e US v cchia · erne e Intellectual Property is: 0 The intangible creative work, not its particular physical form 0 Value of intelligence and artistic work comes from creativity,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042806/5f6c540f706008048661f253/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
US v. LaMacchia 0 TookplaceinMAin19940 21yearoldstudentatMITsetupabulletinboardsite(“Cynosure”)andencouragedotherstouploadcopyrightedgamesandsoftware.TheWileswerethentransferredtoanothersite(“Cynosure2”)fromwhichuserscoulddownloadallthematerial.0 Lossestocopyrightholdersvaluedatover$1,000,000.0 Chargedwithwirefraud,becausehiscopyrightviolationstookplaceoverwiredcommunication.
9http://fraud.laws.com/wire-fraud/united-states-v-lamacchia-1994
![Page 10: ty erne e US v cchia · erne e Intellectual Property is: 0 The intangible creative work, not its particular physical form 0 Value of intelligence and artistic work comes from creativity,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042806/5f6c540f706008048661f253/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
0 CopyrightviolationsmustbebroughtundertheCopyrightAct.0 1992CopyrightActrequiresWinancialgainbypiratestocountasinfringement.0 LeMacchiadidn’t-inanciallybene-itfromcopying/distributingmaterial,socopyrightlawsatthetimedidn’tapply.
10
![Page 11: ty erne e US v cchia · erne e Intellectual Property is: 0 The intangible creative work, not its particular physical form 0 Value of intelligence and artistic work comes from creativity,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042806/5f6c540f706008048661f253/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Laws
madeitafelonytowillfullyinfringecopyrightbyreproducingordistributingoneormorecopiesofcopyrightedworkwithatotalvalueofmorethan$1,000withina6monthperiod
ClosedLeMacchiaLoopholebecauseoffendersdidnothavetoJinanciallybeneJitinordertobecharged.
11
![Page 12: ty erne e US v cchia · erne e Intellectual Property is: 0 The intangible creative work, not its particular physical form 0 Value of intelligence and artistic work comes from creativity,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042806/5f6c540f706008048661f253/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
§ Fourfactorsconsidered1. Purposeandnatureofuse–commercial(lesslikely)ornonprofitpurposes
2. Natureofthecopyrightedwork3. Amountandsignificanceofpor8onused4. Effectofuseonpoten8almarketorvalueofthecopyrightwork(willitreducesalesofwork?)
§ Nosinglefactoralonedetermineswhat’sfair§ Notallfactorsgivenequalweight,variesbycircumstance
12
![Page 13: ty erne e US v cchia · erne e Intellectual Property is: 0 The intangible creative work, not its particular physical form 0 Value of intelligence and artistic work comes from creativity,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042806/5f6c540f706008048661f253/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Justification? 1. Ican’taffordtopayforthisbook/song/movie.2. Thecompanyisalarge,richcorporation.3. Iwouldn’tbuyitattheretailprice,they’renotlosingasale.4. IcouldlendafriendaCD,Ishouldbeabletomakethema
digitalcopyofcontent.5. MyactionsareinsigniWicantcomparedtopeoplemakinga
livingoffofpiracy.6. Everyonedoesit.7. Iwanttouseasonginmyvideo,butIdon’tevenknow
wheretogotogetpermission.8. I’mpostingthiscontentforfree,Ijustwantpeopletoenjoy
it.
Textbookp18913