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1

Tyfo® FIBRWRAP® Systems

Fyfe (Hong Kong) Ltd.

Structural Strengthening using Advanced

FRP Technology

FYFE (Hong Kong) LimitedUnit 7, 20/F., Block B, New Trade Plaza

6 On Ping Street, Shatin, Hong Kong

Tel: 3579 5588; Fax: 3579 5599



1. Introduction

2. FRP for Structural Strengthening

3. Beam, Slab and Column Strengthening

Contents

Fibrwrap®



FRP - Fibre Reinforced Polymer

“A matrix of polymeric material

reinforced by natural or synthetic

fibres”

+ =

1. Introduction



FRP Applications in Aeronautical and Automotive Industries



Advantageous Characteristics

�High strength

� 2~10 times higher than steel

�Low weight

� Weight only 20%

�Durability

�Stealth and Formability



- High strength – less materials required

- Low weight – easy handling, safety & speed

- Durability – no corrosion

- Formability – can adapt to any structural shape

FRP in Structural Strengthening

2



Fyfe (Hong Kong) Limited

� a subsidiary of Aegion Corporation

� Energy & Mining

� Water & Wastewater

� Commercial & Structural

� H.Q.in USA with branches world-wide

� Regional H.Q. – Fyfe (Asia) Pte Ltd

(Singapore)



�Scope of services:-

� Structural strengthening

� Cathodic protection

� Concrete repairs

� Other specialized works

Fyfe (Hong Kong) Limited



Classification Methods

i) Fibre types:

• Glass fibres,

• Carbon fibres, or

• Aramid (Kevlar®) fibres

ii) Method of forming:

• Wet-lay

• Prefabricated plates



Wet-lay FRP system

Definition: dry fibre sheets

or fabrics impregnated

with epoxy resin on site



Pre-fabricated FRP system

Definition: Pre-cured

composites fabricated off-

site



Tyfo® Product Range

�Different application requires different system

�System characteristics include:-

� Strength

� Stiffness

� Elongation

� Impact resistance

3



TYFO® Wet-lay Products

SEH

SystemsGlass

SCH

SystemsCarbon

SEH25

SEH51

SEH55

WEB

BC240

SCH41

SCH41S

SCH35

SCH11UP

Wet-Lay

SAH

SystemsAramid

SAH25

SAH51

WAB



Mechanical Properties

Tyfo®

BC

(glass)

Tyfo®

WEB

(glass)

Tyfo®

SEH-51

(glass)

Tyfo®

SCH-41

(carbon)

Ultimate tensile

strengthe (MPa) 223 309 575 876

Modulus of

elasticity (GPa) 14.9 19.3 26.1 72.4

Max. elongation

(%) 1.5 1.6 2.2 1.2

Laminate

thickness (mm) 0.86 0.25 1.3 1.0



UG

SystemsGlass

UC

SystemsCarbon

UG55

UG75

UC55

UC75

Pre-cured Laminates

TYFO® Pre-fabricated Product Range



Mechanical Properties

Tyfo®

SEH-51

(glass)

Tyfo®

SCH-41

(carbon)

Tyfo®

UG

(glass)

Tyfo®

UC-M Strips

(carbon)

Ultimate tensile

strengthe (MPa) 575 876893 2790

Modulus of

elasticity (GPa) 26.1 72.441.4 210

Max. elongation

(%) 2.2 1.22.2 1.8

Laminate

thickness (mm) 1.3 1.0varies varies



�Why strengthening

�Traditional methods

�FRP Solution

2. FRP for Structural Strengthening



Why strengthening?i) Material degradation

Rebar corrosion and

concrete spalling

Alkali-silica reaction

4



Why strengthening?ii) Design errors

Under provision of

reinforcement

Wrong concrete grade

specified



Why strengthening?iii) Construction Oversight

Insufficient rebar

Poor concrete quality



Why strengthening?iv) Accidental Damages

Earthquake damages /

terrorist attackFire damage



Why strengthening?v) Over-loading

Additional floor

added without

strengthening



Why strengthening?vi) Change of use

Hotel Rendezvous

Singapore

Nanjing

Central Bus

Station



Traditional Methods – Concrete Jacketing

Advantages

•Established method

•Simple design approach•Economical

Disadvantages

•Bulky formwork

•Time consuming•Disruptive•Additional dead weight.

•Significant dimensional increase

5



Traditional Methods - Steel Plate Bonding

Advantages


•Economical

Disadvantages

•Bulky set-up.

•Labour intensive

•Drilling & bolting damage structures

•Change aesthetics

•Corrosion problem



Traditional Methods - Sprayed Concrete

Advantages


•Simple design approach

•Economical

Disadvantages

•Specialist equipment required

•Messy

•Uneven surface finish.

•Additional weight and dimensions



Tyfo® Fibrwrap® - the solution !

1



Fibrwrap® strengthening to:-



Main Advantages:-

• Non-disruptive & Fast

• Durable

• Economical

• Aesthetically appealing



� Flexural Strengthening

� Shear Strengthening

� Columns Axial Load strengthening

� Design approaches

� Installations

3. Beam, Slab and Column Strengthening

Fibrwrap®

6



Flexural Strengthening:

FRP bonded to beam surfaces as additional tensionor compression reinforcement.

Negative Moment

Reinforcement

Positive Moment

Reinforcement



62% increase in the flexure capacity with 2-layers

Tyfo® Fibrwrap®

System Testing with Tyfo® Fibrwrap®

Beam FlexuraI tests IIT Chennai- India

Strengthened

Control




Flexure Tests on Slabs at NUS, Singapore

25% increase in the flexural capacity in the slab specimen

strengthened with a single

strip of Tyfo® Fibrwrap®

Control

Strengthened



• FRP applied to side surfaces

• as if stirrup reinforcement

Shear Enhancement

Beam Shear

Strengthening

Fibre Anchor

Column Shear

Strengthening



• FRP applied to side surfaces

• as if stirrup reinforcement

Shear Enhancement




B.C. Canada

7



Column Axial Load Strengthening:

FRP applied to column external surface and act asconfinement.

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Co

mp

ress

ive

Str

en

gth

,

MP

a

20 40 60

Concrete Grade, MPa

0

5

10

Effect of Confinement (from “Properties of Concrete” by Adam Neville)



Circular Column

Confinement by links Confinement by TYFO® Total stress effect

INCREASE IN AXIAL LOAD

CAPACITY UP TO 100% DUE TO

CONFINEMENT

+ =



STRENGTHENED SPECIMEN:

• 2-layers C-shaped wrap

• 2-layers confining wrap

Increase in Axial Capacity = 49%

CONRTOL

STRENGTHENED


Column Axial Load Tests at NUS, Singapore



Available Design Guidelines

Code/ Report Issued by Date

AC125 ICBO (International Conference of

Building Officials- California USA)

April 1997

ACI 440 ACI (American Concrete Institute) July 2000

TR 55

TR 57

Technical Reports

The Concrete Society, UK

2000

2003

fib TR9.1

Bulletin 14

fib (Federation International du

Beton, EU)

July 2001

CAN/CSA

–S806-02

National Standard of Canada May 2004



Installations (1)

Surface

preparationFibrwrappingPriming



Installations (2)

Curing Finishes

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