Type 2 Diabetes: A Health Problem for the PublicIvette G ValenzuelaFundamentals of Public Health

Virginia Tech

Introduction

Multifactorial Disease. Genetics- Family History Environmental: health behavior and

social determinants. 4th leading cause of death: co-morbid

heart attack(1st cause of death) and stroke (7th cause of death)

The Fact? In 2010 was 8.3%, and according with the National

Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), Diabetes affects 25.8 million people of all ages

Cowie and colleagues estimate that an additional 5.1% of all adults have undiagnosed diabetes.

Type 2 Diabetes, formerly called Adult Onset Diabetes (> 40 years old), is being diagnosed more frequently in children and adolescents, particularly among American Indians, African Americans, and Latinos.

Healthy people 2020D-1 Reduce the annual number of new cases of diagnosed diabetes in the population

Baseline: 8.0 new cases of diabetes per 1,000 population aged 18 to 84 years occurred in the past 12 months, as reported in 2006–08 (age adjusted to the year 2000 standard population) Target: 7.2 new cases per 1,000 population aged 18 to 84 years

20 years old:8.3 % Diagnosed, 5% no diagnosed.

<18 years olds,

0.00%

1.00%

2.00%

3.00%

4.00%

5.00%

6.00%

7.00%

8.00%

9.00%

10.00%

Virginia: Diabetes Prevalence Trends by year

Prevalence %

•531,366 adults in Virginia (8.7%) had diabetes that was diagnosed by a health professional [2011 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)]•According with Cowie estimates about 5% have undiagnosed diabetes, adding in Virginia an additional 312,568 (13.8%) adults with undiagnosed diabetes.

In 2009, diabetes prevalence was 13.9% among Appalachians, which is significantly higher than prevalence among non-Appalachian Virginians (7.4%).Less than half (48.0%) of Appalachians reported having some college education or more, compared to 67.5 percent of non-Appalachians.• 32.6 percent of Appalachians reported earning a household income of less than $25,000, compared to 16.3 percent of non-Appalachians.

2008 Age-Adjusted Estimates of the Percentage of Adults with Diagnosed Diabetes in Virginia.

Appalachian Region and Diabetes

Virginia :Type 2 Diabetes Prevalence and relationship with health behavior and social determinants: Obesity

Virginia :Type 2 Diabetes Prevalence and relationship with health behavior and social determinants: Income and Educational Level

Associated risks/complications

What has been done to address Diabetes?Healthy People 2020

Standards of care by ADA

Self- Management for Chronic Diseases.

What is VT doing?Foodshed Project(Dr. Clark)Drugs increasing life span of B-Cells

and decreasing insulin resistance (Dr.Liu)

Church-based Community Diabetes Education Targeting Underserved

(Dr.Hosig)