types of case studies ql
TRANSCRIPT
Types of research and Types of research and theoretical perspective of theoretical perspective of
researchresearch
Zuleima YañezYessica Serna
According to Kerlinger (1986), research can be conducted as exploratory,
explanatory or descriptive.
Exploratory researchExploratory research
Exploratory research is about putting one’s self deliberately in a place- again and again- where discovery is possible
and broad, usually (but not always) nonspecialized interest can be pursued’’
Stebbins (2001)
Explanatory researchExplanatory research
Explanatory research has the aim of finding relationships among variables from
theory based expectations whereas descriptive research aims to describe a situation or context. Malhotra & Grover
(1998).
Descriptive researchDescriptive research
- According to Best and Kahn (2006), descriptive research is to find general
attributes in the present condition.
It provides systematic information about social phenomena
observing and describing.
Theoretical perspective
“The philosophical stance informing the methodology
and thus providing a context for the process and
grounding its logic and criteria methods and linking the
choice and use of methods to the desired outcomes”
(Crotty, 1998).
Although they are related, they are not the same.
Each one is the base for the next one
- Epistemology: theory of knowledge- Theoretical perspective: philosophical
position- Methodology: strategies for conducting a
research
Some types of theoretical perspectives
- Positivism
- Interpretivism
- Critical inquiry
Positivism Positivism
- The only authentic knowledge is scientific knowledge.- Researcher should be objective.- Quantitative data- Aim: offers explanations using scientific sciences.
Objectivism (epistemology) Positivism (theoretical perspective) Survey research (methodology) Statistical analysis (method)
(taken from
Crotty, 1998)
Interpretivism
- The methods of natural science are seen as inappropriate for study of people’s behavior.
- The focus of interpretivism is not numbers; it is words.
- Qualitative data
Constructionism Interpretivism Etnography Participant Observation (Crotty,1998)
Critical Inquiry
- Related to interpretivism
- This takes a critical look at society and tries to identify inequities and ways to remedy them.
- Promotes democracy making differences in different contexts
- The goal of critical inquiry is emancipation of the oppression.
Crotty, M. (1998). The Foundations of Social Research: Meaning and Perspective in the Research Process. London: SAGE Publications Ltd.
Kerlinger, E. (1986). Foundations of behavioral research (3rd 4.). New York: Holt, Rinehart &Winston
Malhotra, M. & Grover, V. (1998). An Assessment of Survey Research in POM:from constructs to theory. Journal of Operations Management, vol. 16: 17, pp. 407-425
Crotty, M., (1998), The Foundations of Social Research: Meaning and Perspective in the Research Process, Allen and Unwin
Best, J. W., & Kahn, J. V. (2006). Research in education. (10th ed.). Boston: Allyn Bacon
Blaxter. L.., Hughes. C, and Tight. M (2001) How to research. 3 ed. Buckingham: Open University Press.