types of construction
DESCRIPTION
Types of Stone mTRANSCRIPT
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TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION
TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION
Prepared by Mr. Kore P. N.W. I. T. Solapur
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MASONRY
It is defined as the construction with certain blocks or pieces bounded together in a matrix so as form a single united monolithic solid mass
Materials:
Blocks: a) Stone b) bricks c) Precast concrete
Matrix: a) Mud Mortar b) Lime Mortar
c) cement Mortar
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TYPES OF MASONRY
Stone Masonry
Brick Masonry
Block Masonry
Reinforced Masonry
Composite Masonry
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STONE MASONRY
Easily available material
Stone Masonry is building a structure using as a block material.
Use: Forts, Palaces, Buildings
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Stone Quarry
Blasting in stone quarry
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DRESSING OF STONE
ChiselHammer
Dressing of Stone
Modern Tools
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CLASSIFICATION OF STONE MASONRY
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Uncoursed Random Rubble Masonry
Coursed Random Rubble Masonry
Rubble Masonry
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Uncoursed Random Rubble Masonry
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Uncoursed Squared Rubble Masonry
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Coursed Squared Rubble Masonry
Polygonal Rubble Masonry
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Flint Rubble Masonry
Dry Rubble Masonry
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ASHLAR MASONRY
Ashlar Masonry
Ashlar block in coarse
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USE OF STONE MASONRY
Dams, Building foundations, Temples, Monumental works
Building columns, piers, pillars etc.
Light Houses and architectural work
Arches, domes, lintels, beams etc.
The use of this masonry is restricted due to high transportation cost and handling cost.
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EXAMPLES
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BRICK MASONRY
• This Masonry uses artificially manufactured building blocks known as bricks
• Indian Standard (I.S.) Brick Size: 190 mm x 90 mm x 90 mm• Nominal Size: 200 mm x 100 mm x 100 mm• 65 % silica and 30 % Alumina
Pure Silica AluminaSilica
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BRICK KILN
Open Kiln
Tunnel Kiln
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TYPES OF BRICKS
Ordinary Brick
Fire Brick
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Header
Stretcher
Header
Stretcher
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Load Transfer Mechanism Bricks-pyramid
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Stretcher Bond
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Header Bond
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TYPES OF BOND
Flemish Bond
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Flemish Bond
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English Bond
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BLOCK CONCRETE MASONRY
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REINFORCED BRICK MASONRY
Reinforcement in the form of mild steel flats, hoop iron, expanded wire mesh is provided to the brick masonry to increase the strength.
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REINFORCED BRICK MASONRY
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COMPOSITE MASONRY
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MORTAR
Cement Mortar
Lime Mortar
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POINTING
It is the process of finishing of the mortar joints of stone or brick masonry.
Use:•For Finishing external walls of the constructions.•To improve the appearance of the structure.•For the protection of exposed surface from weathering effects.•It is the rectification of defective workmanship.
Process:The mortar joints are racked to a depth of 10 mm, loose mortar is removed from them and refilled by fresh and rich mortar.
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PLASTERING
It is the process of covering the internal and external surfaces of masonry, particularly brick masonry with a thin layer of mortar (plaster)