types of memory
DESCRIPTION
Types of Memory . Declarative Memory: - Episodic Memory - Semantic Memory. Implicit Memory. Procedural Memory. Prospective Remembering. The Information-Processing Model of Memory. Evidence for the Information- Processing Model of Memory. Physiological Evidence. Typical Confusion Errors. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Types of Memory Types of Memory Declarative Memory:
- Episodic Memory- Semantic Memory
Implicit MemoryProcedural Memory
Prospective Remembering
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The Information-Processing Model of The Information-Processing Model of MemoryMemory
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Evidence for the Information- Evidence for the Information- Processing Model of MemoryProcessing Model of Memory
Physiological Evidence
Typical Confusion Errors
Serial Position Effect
Retrograde Amnesia
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Why Does Forgetting Why Does Forgetting Occur?Occur?
STM – Primarily interference, although time plays a role
LTM – Almost entirely interference; It is usually a retrieval failure
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Levels of Processing Theory:Levels of Processing Theory:A Popular Alternative to the A Popular Alternative to the Information-Processing Model Information-Processing Model There is no separate STM & LTM
The depth at which you process an incoming stimulus Determines how well it is remembered
Deeper processing leads to better memory
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Levels of Processing: An Levels of Processing: An ExampleExample
A memory experiment where subjects process information in one of three ways:
Physical Appearance: “Is the word printed in capital letters?
Acoustic Processing: “Does the word rhyme with ‘pain’?”
Semantic Processing: “Does the word fit in the following sentence?:Bill ate the ________ for lunch yesterday.”
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K
Z
F
R F
W
CA
B X
U
D
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Filter Models of AttentionFilter Models of Attention (Broadbent, 1954) (Broadbent, 1954)
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Capacity Models of AttentionCapacity Models of Attention (Kahneman, 1973)(Kahneman, 1973)
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Template Models of Pattern Template Models of Pattern RecognitionRecognition
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Template Models of Pattern Template Models of Pattern RecognitionRecognition
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Feature Detection Models of Pattern Feature Detection Models of Pattern RecognitionRecognition (Pandemonium Model: Selfridge, (Pandemonium Model: Selfridge, 1959)1959)
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Feature Detection Models of Pattern Feature Detection Models of Pattern RecognitionRecognition (Pandemonium Model: Selfridge, (Pandemonium Model: Selfridge, 1959)1959)
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Why is Eyewitness Testimony so Why is Eyewitness Testimony so Unreliable?Unreliable?Perceptual Errors
◦Inadequate Attention◦Less than ideal perceptual circumstances◦Selective Perception (e.g., Weapon
Focus)The Way Police Lineups are UsedThe Nature of QuestioningIneptitude with Numerical
InformationRehearsal