types of ore deposits[1]

7/30/2019 Types of Ore Deposits[1]

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LI ST OF ORE DEPOSI T TYPES

PORPHYRY BASE METAL- MOLYBDENUM- GOLD SYSTEMS

A. Por phyr y- Host ed

1. Por phyr y Mol ybdenum Syst ems

a. Low Fl uor i ne Type - Exampl es: Boss Mount ai n, Endako, Hal l , Ki t saul t , Thompson Cr eek

b. Cl i max Type - Exampl es: Cl i max, Hender son, Quest a, Ur ad

2. Por phyr y Copper

a. Cal c- Al kal i ne Syst ems - Exampl es: Aj o, Bagdad, Bel l , But t e, Bi sbee, Cananea, Cast l e Dome, Cebu,Cer r o Co l orado, Cer r o Verde, Ch i no, Chuqui camat a , Co l l ahuas i , Copper Ci t i es,Copper Fl at , Cuaj one, El Abr a, El Sal vador, Escondi da, Gaspe (Por phyr yMount ai n) , Gi br al t ar , Gr ani s l e, Hi ghl and Val l ey , I ns pi r at i on- Mi ami ( i nc l udesBl uebi r d and Van Dyke) , Lakeshore, Lomas Bayas, Los Pel ambr es, Mar copper ,Mar i a, Mor enci , Pi nt o Val l ey, Quebr ada Bl anca, Radomi r o Tomi c, Robi nson,Sacat on, San Manuel , Si l ver Be l l , Toquepal a , Ty r one, Yer i ngt on, Za l d i var

b. Al kal i ne Syst ems - Exampl es: Si mi l kameen

3. Por phyr y Cu- Mo

a. Ca l c - Al kal i ne Sys t ems - Exampl es: Br enda, Esperanza, La Car i dad, Mi ner a l Park , Si e r r i t a

4. Por phyr y Cu- Au

a. Ca l c - Al kal i ne Sys t ems - Exampl es: Ba j o de l a Al umbrer a , Bat u Hi j au, Bi ngham Canyon, Bougai nvi l l e ,Di zon, Dome, Er t sber g- Gr asber g Compl ex ( Gr asber g) , Kemess Sout h, McI nt yr e,Ok Tedi , St o Tomas

b. Al kal i ne Sys t ems - Exampl es: Af t on, Cadi a Hi l l ( Cadi a Hi l l , Cadi a Quar r y ) , Mount Po l l ey, Ri dgeway

5. Porphyr y Gol d

a. Ca l c - Al kal i ne Sys t ems - Exampl es: Bodd i ngt on, Doyon ( West zone) , Lac Tr o i l us, Ref ugi o

b . Al kal i ne Sys t ems

1. Quar t z - o r t hoc l as e + b i ot i t e- s er i c i t e - Ex amp l es: Camf l o, Zo r t man - Landus k y

2. Quar t z - a l bi t e- s er i c i t e- c ar bonat e - Ex ampl es: Aqua r i us, Kanowna Bel l e ( ?)

B. Wal l r ock Por phyr y

1. St oc k wor k Mi ne r a l i z at i on i n Unr eac t i v e Host s

a. Copper Wal l r ock Por phyr y

1. Cal c- Al kal i ne Syst ems - Exampl es: Andi na, Bel l , Cananea, Cebu, Cer r o Col or ado, Cer r o Ver de,Chi no, Col l ahuasi , Cont i nent i a l ( Hanover Mount ai n and Hermosa Mount ai n) ,Cuaj one , El Abr a, El Teni ent e, El Sal v ador , Gr an i s l e, Huc k l eber r y ,

I nspi r at i on- Mi ami , I s l and Copper , Lakeshore, Lomas Bayas, Los Bonces,Marcopper , Mar i a ( Br ecc i a ) , Ol d Re l i abl e (Br ecc i a Pi pe) , Ray, Sacat on,San Manuel , Super i or ( Magma Por phr y) , Twi n But t es, Tyr one, Zal di var

2. Al kal i ne Syst ems - Exampl es: Si mi l kameen

b. Cu- Mo Wal l r ock Por phyr y

1. Cal c- Al kal i ne Syst ems - Exampl es: Esper anza, Mi ner al Park


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c. Cu-Au Wal l r ock Porphyr y

1. Cal c- Al kal i ne Syst ems - Exampl es: Andacol l a ( Copper ) , Bougai nv i l l e, Bi ngham Canyon, Dome,Kemess Nor t h, McI nt yr e, St o Tomas

2. Al kal i ne Sys t ems - Exampl es: Cadi a Hi l l ( Cadi a Hi l l , Cadi a East ) , Ri dgeway

d. Gol d Wal l r ock Por phyr y

1. Cal c- Al kal i ne Syst ems - Exampl es: Boddi ngt on, Par adi se Peak ( East Zone) , Ref ugi o

2. Al kal i ne Syst ems - Exampl es: Kanowna Bel l e ( ?)

2. Cont act Met asomat i c

a. Por phyr y Cu Skar n

1. Cal c- Al kal i ne Syst ems - Exampl es: Cananea, Chr i s t mas, Chi no, Cont i nent al , Gaspe ( Needl e Mt n. ) ,Lakeshore , Marcopper , Mi ss i on Compl ex, Robi nson, Si l ver Be l l ,Twi n But t es

2. Al kal i ne Sys t ems -

b. Por phyr y Cu- Au Skar n

1. Cal c- Al kal i ne Syst ems - Exampl es: Bat t l e Mount ai n ( Copper Canyon Subdi st r i c t - East and WestOr e Zones) , Bi ngham Canyon ( Nor t h Or e Shoot , For t una) , Car r For k,Er t sber g-Gr asber g Compl ex ( Er t sber g, Er t sber g East , I OZ, DOZ, Kuci ngLi ar , Bi g Gossan), Ok Tedi

2. Al k al i ne Sy s t ems - Ex amp l es: Cadi a Hi l l ( Bi g Cad i a, L i t t l e Cadi a) , Moun t Pol l ey

C. Por phyr y Rel at ed Base Met al - Rel at ed Skarns

a. Copper Skar n

1. Cal c- Al kal i ne Syst ems - Exampl es: Ant ami na, Cr ai gmont , Johnson Camp, Or acl e Ri dge, Pi nos Al t os,Ros i t a, Ti nt ay a, Vi c t o r i a

2 . Al kal i ne Sys t ems -

b. Lead- Zi nc Skar n - Exampl es: Bi smar k, El Mochi t o, Sa Dena Hes, War d

c. Gol d Skarn

1. Ca l c - Al kal i ne Sys t ems

a. Pr ox i mal - Exampl es: Beal Mount ai n, McCoy, Si una, Tenabo

b. Di s t a l - Exampl es: Bat t l e Mount a i n ( Copper Canyon Subd i s t r i c t - For t i t ude, Mi nni e-Tomboy ,Sur pr i s e) , Buf f al o Val l ey , Ni c kel Pl at e

2. Al kal i ne Syst ems - Exampl es: Di amond Hi l l , Or t i z ( Lukas Canyon) , Quesnel Ri ver

D. Porphyr y - Base Met a l - Re l a t ed Hi gh Su l phi dat i on

1. Pr ox i mal ( Sub- Epi t her mal ) Syst ems

a. Por phyr y Shoul der Cu- As- Au- Ag - Exampl es: Bat u Hi j au

b. L i t hol og i c al l y - Con t r o l l ed CuAs - Au- Ag

1. Noncal ar ceous Host s - Exampl es: Doyon (No. 1) , Equi t y ( Mai n Zone)

2 . Pyr i t e Si l i ca Repl acement s - Exampl es: Bi sbee, Cananea, Mai n Ti n t i c ( Cent enn i a l Eureka,Mammot h) , Robi nson (JD Hi l l , St ar Po i n t er )


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c . St r uc t ur al l y - Con t r ol l ed Cu - As - Au- Ag - Ex ampl es : But t e, Col l ahaus i ( Pode r osa Vei n) , Eas t Ti n t i c( Tr i x i e) , Equ i t y ( Sou t her n Tai l ) , Mank ay an, Mans a Mi na ( Panel 4) , Qui r uvi l c a ( p r oxi mal ) ,Super i or ( Magma)

2. Epi t her mal Syst ems

a. Ep i t her mal quar t z - a l uni t e -gol d - Exampl es: Choque l i mp i e , El I ndi o -Tambo, Go l d f i e l d , Guanaco,Hope Br ook, La Coi pa, Par adi se Peak, Pi er i na, Puebl o Vei j o, Red Dome,

Summi t v i l l e, Yanacocha

b. Hot spr i ngs quar t z - a l uni t e -Au - Exampl es: Borea l i s , Br ewer , Red Dome

E. Por phyr y Base Met al - Rel at ed Low Sul phi dat i on

1. Pr ox i ma l Qua r t z - Sul f i de- Gol d

a. Ca l c - Al kal i ne Sys t ems - Exampl es: Bonanza (?) , Bucksk i n , Co l osseum ( ?) , Det our Lake (?) ,Dos Cabezas, Doyon ( Mai n zone) , Dr um, Gol den Sunl i ght , Johnny Mount ai n,Komi s , Lor dsbur g , Mount Muro , Paracal e ( ? ) , Roches t er ( ? ) , San Cr i s t oba l ,Sl eepi ng Gi an t , Sni p

b . Al kal i ne Sys t ems - Exampl es: Anni e Cr eek (? ) , Gi l t Edge, Go l den Reward ( ? ) , L i h i r

2. Car bonat e- Base Met al - Au- Ag

a. Cal c- Al kal i ne Syst ems - Exampl es: Benguet , Bonanza ( ?) , Bul awan, Bul l dog, Camp Bi r d, Candel ar i a,Cov e, El Br once, Go l d Ri dge, I dar ado , I t ogon , J ul i e t t a , Kel i an,La Col or ada ( ?) , Les Mi nes Sel bai e, Mont ana Tunnel s, Mount Leyshon, MountMur o, Pr emi er , Real de Angel es, Red Dome, Sunnysi de, Vi c t or i a, Wau

b. Al kal i ne Syst ems - Exampl es: Mi s i ma, Por ger a

3. Po l ymet a l l i c Pb-Zn- Ag

a. Repl acement - Exampl es: Cl ayt on, East Ti n t i c (Burg i n ) , Encant ada, Eureka ( Gl i s t e r ) , Gi l man,Gr ant s vi l l e, Gr oundhog, Leadv i l l e, Mai n Ti nt i c ( Eur ek a Hi l l , Eagl e) , Ont ar i o,Rubi al es (?) , Sher man

b. Ve i ns - Exampl es: Gr oundhog, London, Mayf l ower , Ont ar i o , Qu i r uvi l ca ( d i s t a l )

4. Sedi ment - Host ed Gol d

a. Ca l c - Al kal i ne Sys t ems - Exampl es: Al l i gat or Ri dge, Aqua de l a Fa l da ( ? ) , Barneys Canyon, Bi gSpr i ngs , Bl ack Pi ne, Bu l l i on Monarch, Car l i n Compl ex, Casi no, Ch i mneyCr eek , Cor t ez, Cove, Da i sy , Dee, Easy Jun i or , El der Cr eek ( ? ) , Get che l l ,Go l d Acr es, Go l d Bar ( At l as) , Go l den Bear , Go l den But t e , Go l dst r i ke( Be t z e, Pos t , Mi ek l e) , Gr een Sp r i ngs , Gr i f f on, Ho r s e Canyon , I l l i pah,Jer r i t t Canyon, Lookout Mount a i n , Mar i gol d , Me l co, Mercur , Mi nahasa,Nor t humber l and, Pi nson, Pi pel i ne, Pr ebl e , Qu i t o , Re l i e f Canyon, Ren, RubyHi l l , Sant a Ger t r udi s , St er l i ng, Tay l or ( ?) , Toi y abe, Tonk i n Spr i ngs ,Twi n Cr eeks Compl ex, Whi t e Pi ne, Wi ndf a l l - Rust l e r , Wi nrock

b. Al kal i ne Syst ems - Exampl es: Kendal l

5. Ep i t her ma l Qua r t z - Gol d - Si l v er

a . Ca l c - Al kal i ne Sys t ems: Exampl es: Andaco l l o ( Go l d) , At l ant a , Bonanza ( ?) , De l amar , El Hueso,Fach i nal , Fl o r i da Mount a i n ( ? ) , Gosowong, Ke l i an, Lone Tr ee, Masbat e ,Mount Mur o, Round Mount ai n, War Eagl e Mount ai n

b . Al kal i ne Sys t ems: Exampl es: Cr i ppl e Cr eek , Or t i z ( Cunn i ngham Hi l l , Carache Canyon) , Porger a ,Ri c hmond Hi l l , Va t uk ou l a, Vi c t or


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6. Hot Spr i ngs Go l d-Si l ver

a. Cal c- Al kal i ne Syst ems - Exampl es: Round Mount ai n

b. Al kal i ne Syst ems - Exampl es: Hog Ranch

7. Quar t z + Al b i t e + K- Fe l dspar - Carbonat e-Gol d

a. Quar t z - a l b i t e- c ar bonat e- pyr i t e st oc k wor k s and br ec c i as

1 . Di s t a l - Ex ampl es : Hi s l op , Hol l oway , Hol t Mc Der mot t , Ki e r ens , Nor l ar t i c

2 . Pr oxi mal - Exampl es: Bachel or Lake (?) , Ki ena

b. Al b i t e -car bonat e-py r i t e r epl acement - Exampl es: Fr ancoeur

c . K- f e l dspar - car bonat e-py r i t e r epl acement - Exampl es: Lac Shor t t

I NTRUSI ON- RELATED I RON OXI DE- COPPER- GOLD- REE SYSTEMS

A. Al bi t e-magnet i t e-Cu- Au - Exampl es: Oj os del Sol ado ( Resguar do) , Osbor ne

B. K- f e l dspar - ser c i t e -magnet i t e -hemat i t e -Cu-Au - Exampl es: Candel ar i a , Er nes t Henr y , Oj os del So l ado( Sant os, Al capar r osa)

C. Ser i c i t e- hemat i t e- Cu- Au - Exampl es: Ol ympi c Dam

D. Quar t z - ser i c i t e -hemat i t e -Cu-Au - Exampl es: Ol ympi c Dam

E. Ca l c - s i l i cat e-magnet i t e -Cu-Au - Exampl es: Oj os del So l ado ( Lar , Br once)

REDUCED I NTRUSI ON- RELATED GOLD SYSTEMS

A. Reduced I nt r us i on- Host ed

1. Di ssemi nat ed Au- Mo- Bi - Te + W + As - Exampl es: Br ewer y Cr eek, Ti mbarr a

2. St r uct u r a l l y - Cont r o l l ed Au- Bi - Te - Mo- W- As

a. Deep Level - Exampl es: Ba l d Mount a i n ( Top) , For t Knox , Zeravshan ( J i l au, J i l au Nor t h , Ol ympi cand Khi r s t hona)

b. Shal l ow Level - Exampl es: Bal d Mount ai n ( RBM)

B. Reduced I nt r us i on- Rel at ed Wal l r ock Or es

1. Pr ox i mal

a. Cont act Met asomat i c

1. Cu- Au- Bi + Zn Skar n - Exampl es: Lucky Dr aw, Ni xon For k, Ri o Nar cea, Zer avshan ( Tar or )

2. W- Bi + Au + Mo Skar n - Exampl es: Bal d Mount ai n ( Top) , Mount Hami l t on, Red Dome ( ?) ,Zeravshan ( Tar or )

b. Au- Cu- Mo- W- Bi + As + Te Br ecci a Pi pes - Exampl es: Ki dst on

c . St r uct ura l l y - Cont r o l l ed Au-As- Sb + Bi - Exampl es: Ba l d Mount a i n ( Rat ) , Br ewery Cr eek , Gr ant ,I l l i noi s Cr eek , Ry an Lode, St i bni t e, Yel l ow Pi ne

d. Au- As + Bi + W Repl acement - Exampl es: Ket za Ri ver

e. Au- Bi - As- W + Mo Fl at Repl acement Vei n - Exampl es:


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2. Di s t al

a . St r uct ura l l y - Cont r o l l ed Au-As- Sb + Hg - Exampl es: Ba l d Mount a i n (LJ Ri dge, 1 -3 Zones) , Bear t r ack ,Fondaway ( ?) , Ki nsl ey Mount a i n ( ? ) , L i t t l e Ba l d Mount a i n , Tr ue Nor t h

b . L i t hol ogi cal - Cont r o l l ed Au-As- Sb + Hg - Exampl es: Fondaway (?) , Tr ue Nor t h

c. Lat e Per i pher al Vei ns Ag- Pb- Zn + Sb + As + Au - Exampl es -

C. Reduced I nt r us i on- Rel at ed Epi t her mal Syst ems

1. Advanced Ar g i l l i c Ep i t her mal Au-W- Bi - Exampl es: Kor i Ko l l o

2. Epi t hermal Vei ns/ St ockwor ks Au- Ag- As- Sb- Hg - Exampl es:

EPI THERMAL ADULARI A- SERI CI TE GOLD- SI LVER SYSTEMS

A. Hot Spr i ngs Go l d-Si l ver - Exampl es: Buckhorn , Fl o r i da Canyon, I vanhoe, McLaughl i n , Republ i c , San Mar t i n ,Sul phur , Wi nd Mount ai n

B. St ockwork / Fi ssur e Ve i ns - Exampl es: Av i no, Auror a , Basi n Cr eek , Bl ackdome, Boss , Bu l l f r og ( Bu l l f r og,Mont gomer y- Shoshone, Bonanza Mt n. ) , Cact us, Cannon, Cast l e Mount ai n, Cer r o Moj on,

Champagne, Comst ock, El Li mon, El Penon, Escal ant e, Fl ower y, Gol d Bar ( Angst ) ,Gol den Cr oss, Gol d Road, Gol dst r i ke, Gooseber r y, Gr ouse Cr eek, Hayden Hi l l ,Haywood- Sant i ago, Ket t l e, Keyst one, Kubaka, Lawyers, Manhat t an, Mar t ha, Mat apal o,Mesqui t e, Mi das, Mor i s , Mor ni ng St ar , Mot her Lode, Mul e Canyon, Myst i c , Ol i nghouse,Or o Nor t e, Ovaci k , Paj i ngo, Randsbur g, Rawhi de, Republ i c , Ri o Chi qui t o, Rosebud,San Lui s ( ? ) , Sant a Fe, Sant a Rosa, Secr e t Pass , Si but ad ( ?) , Si l ver Peak( Si x t een - t o - One) , Sl eepe r , St andar d Hi l l , St . Cl oud , Thunde r Mount ai n , Tor r es,Tr i n t y , Tuscar ora , Vera- Nancy , Wai h i , Wi l l a rd , Wonder , Wood Gul ch ( ? )

DETACHMENT- RELATED GOLD- SI LVER SYSTEMS - Exampl es: Bi g Hor n, Br i ggs, Car go Muchac ho, Copper st one, La Choya,La Her adura, Mi ner al Ri dge, Pi cacho

AURI FEROUS ORES I N REGI ONALLY METAMORPHOSED TERRAI NS

A. Or ogeni c Gol d Deposi t s

1 . Quar t z - Carbonat e Go l d Ve i n - Exampl es: Al t o ( ? ) , Bardoc ( Excel s i o r and Zoroast r i an) Beauf or ,Be l l Cr eek , Bi sset t , Br ush Cr eek , Campbel l Red Lake, Carson Hi l l , Casa Berar d i , Ch i mo( Zone 3 and Zone 5) , Col omac, Con- Rycon, Cont act Lake, Cr i xas (Mi na I I I ) , Dead Bul l ockSoak ( Cal l i e) , Di ckenson Red Lake, Dome, Dumont , Eagl e Ri ver , Edwar ds, Ferder ber ,For t num, Gabani n t ha, Gi ant Ye l l owkni f e , Gl i mmer ( ? ) , Go l den Pr i de, Go l dst r i pe ( ? ) ,Gr anny Smi t h, Hammer down, Hol l i nger , Hoyl e Pond, Jamest own, Jasper , Joe Mann, Jol u,J oub i , J ubi l ee , Kal goo r l i e ( Moun t Cha r l o t t e, Go l den Mi l e) , Kal t ai l s , Kambal da - St . I v es ,Kanowna Bel l e, Ki r k l and Lake Tai l s , Kumt or , Kundana, Lake Shor e, Lamaque, Lei nst er ( Emu) ,Luci en C. Bel i veau, Macassa, McI nt yr e, Mahoma ( ?) New Br i t i anni a, New Cel ebr at i on,Nor seman, Nor t h Mar a ( Nyabi r ma) Nova Ast r o, Omai , Owl Cr eek, Paddi ngt on, Pamour,Pi er r e Beauchemi n, Renabi e, Royal - Mount ai n Ki ng, San Fr anci sco ( ?) , San Gr egor i o (?) ,Seabee, Si gma I , Si gma I I , Si l i dor , Si x t een- t o -One, St ar Lake, St ock Townsh i p ,Tar t an Lake, Wi l una, Yvan Vezi na ( ?)

2. Tur bi d i t e-Host ed Gol d Vei n - Exampl es: Car ol i n, Cosmo Howl ey, Goodal l , Macres Fl at , Mount Todd,

Mur unt au, Pi ne Cr eek, Pt armi gan, St awel l ( Magdal a and Wonga) , Tel f er , Tul awaka

3. Di ssemi nat ed/ Repl acement Or es - Exampl es: Br asi l i a , Cr i xas (Mi na Nova) , Lei nst er ( Cox- Cr usader ,Redeemer ) , Madsen, Pl ut oni c, Reedy, Ropes, Sons of Gwal i a, Youanmi

B. I r on For mat i on Gol d - Exampl es: Chi mo ( Zone 1 and Zone 2) , Cosmo- Howl ey, Cr i xas ( Mi na I I I ) , Dead Bul l ock Soak( Vi l l a , Dead Bu l l ock Ri dge and Tr i umph Hi l l ) , Dona Lake, East mai n , Ge i t a ( NyankangaGei t a Hi l l , Lone Cone) , Gr ani t es, Homest ake, Jout e l , Keys t one (Far l ey Lake,MacLel l an) , Laboucher e ( ? ) , Lancef i e l d , Lup i n , Meekat har r a , Mi ner a l Hi l l , Mount Magnet ,Mount Mor gans, Mussel whi t e, Nugget Pond, Sao Bent o, Sunri se

C. Copper - Gol d Vei ns - Exampl es: Camchi b, Copper Rand, Opemi ska


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COPPER- LEAD- ZI NC- SI LVER VEI NS I N REGI ONALLY METAMORPHOSED TERRAI NS

A. Cl ast i c Met asedi ment - Host ed Type

1. Cu- Ag Vei ns - Exampl es: Bl ack Pi ne, Coeur , Cr escent , Gal ena, Sunshi ne

2. Pb-Zn- Ag Ve i ns - Exampl es: Bunker Hi l l , Keno Hi l l , Lucky Fr i day , Morn i ng, Si l vana, St ar

B. Pl ut oni c- Host ed ( Pb- Zn- Ag) Type - Exampl es: Beaverdel l

SUBMARI NE EXHALATI VE BASE AND PRECI OUS METALS SYSTEMS

A. Sedi ment ar y Exhal at i ve ( SEDEX) Lead- Zi nc Massi ve Sul f i de

1. Shal e-Host ed Type - Exampl es: Far o, Red Dog, Sul l i van

2. I r i s h ( Pl at f or m Car bonat e- Hos t ed ) Ty pe - Ex ampl es : Tr oy a

3. Koot enay Ar c ( Of f - Shel f Car bonat e- Host ed) Type - Exampl es - Pend Or ei l e (?) , Van St one (?)

4. Gr een Ri ver ( Car bonat e- Evapor i t e Host ed) Type - Exampl es: Bal mat - Edwar ds Compl ex, Bl ack Angel

5. Br oken Hi l l Type - Exampl es: Bl ack Mount ai n

6 . Evapor i t e Di api r Re l a t ed Pb-Zn - Exampl es: Bougr i ne

B. Vol canogeni c Cu-Pb- Zn Massi ve Sul f i de

1. Vol cani c Domi nant ed Host s

a. Kur oko- Type Massi ve Sul f i de

1. Nor anda Sub- Type Cu- Zn - Exampl es: Ansi l , Br uce, Cayel i , Est r ades, Fl ambeau, Fl i n Fl on Compl exFox, Geco, Gol den Gr ove, Gonzague Langl oi s, Gr ay Eagl e, Ki dd Cr eek, Lac Duf aul t( Corbet , Nor bec, Mi l l enbach), LaRonde ( No. 20N) , Lemoi ne, Louvi cour t , Mat agami Compl ex,Mobr un, Mount Lyel l , Rut t an, Tr out Lake, Snow Lake Compl ex, Si l ver But t e, Wi nst on Lake,Zoni a

2. Buchans Sub- Type Zn- Pb- Cu - Exampl es: Br unswi ck, Car i bou, F- Gr oup, Gr eens Cr eek, Heat h St eel e,

Hel l yer , Lyon Lake, Mat t abi , Myr a Fal l s , Neves Cr ovo, Que Ri ver , Samat osum, Thal anga,Toqu i ( ? )

b. Cypr us-Type Massi ve Sul f i de - Exampl es:

2. Sedi ment - Domi nant ed Host s

a. Besshi - Type Massi ve Sul f i de Cu-Zn - Exampl es: Duckt own, Gi r i l ambone, Gol dst r eam, Gr anduc

C. Subaqueous Hot Spr i ngs Au- Ag

1. Hi gh Sul phi dat i on - Exampl es: Bousquet I , Bousquet I I , LaRonde ( No. 5 zone)

2. Low Sul ph i da t i on - Ex amp l es : Bar i t e Hi l l , Bi g Bel l , Es k ay Cr eek, Go l den Pat r i c i a ( ? ) , Hai l e, Heml o( Davi d Bel l , Gol den Gi ant and Page-Wi l l i ams) , Hent y, Lamef oot ( ?) , Mara Rosa

( Zacar i as) , Over l ook ( ? ) , Ri dgeway, Sa l mi t a ( B and T zones)

LOW TEMPERATURE STRATABOUND BASE METAL SYSTEMS

A. Mi s s i s s i ppi Va l l ey Lead- Zi nc

1. Appal achi an Type - Zi nc - Exampl es: El mwood- Gor donsvi l l e, Mascot , Nani sv i k , Newf oundl and Zi nc

2. Po l ar i s Type - Z i nc- Lead - Exampl es: Gays Ri ver , Pend Or e i l l e , Pi ne Po i n t , Po l ar i s , Van St one

3. Sout heast Mi ssour i Type - Lead- Zi nc - Exampl es: Magmont , Sweet wat er , Vi bur num Compl ex, West For k


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B. Ki pushi Copper - Lead- Zi nc - Exampl es: Ni f t y

C. Sedi ment - Host ed Copper - Exampl es: Tr oy, Whi t e Pi ne

D. Vol cani c Red Bed Copper - Exampl es: El Sol dado, I van-Zar

ARSENI DE- SI LVER- COBALT VEI N - Exampl es: Cobal t

HOT SPRI NGS MERCURY - Exampl es : McDer mi t t

REPLACEMENT- TYPE TI N - Exampl es : Reni son

MAGMATI C NI CKEL- COPPER SYSTEMS

A. Ast r obl eme- Host ed Ni ckel - Copper Type - Exampl es: Fal conbr i dge Compl ex, Sudbur y Compl ex

B. Ri f t and Cont i nent a l Fl ood Basa l t Assoc i a t ed Ni - Cu - Exampl es:

C. Komat i i t e- Host ed Ni ckel - Copper Type - Exampl es: Namew Lake, Ragl an, Thompson Compl ex

D. Thol e i i t i c I n t r usi on- Host ed Ni ckel - Copper Type - Exampl es: Lynn Lake

MAGMATI C PLATI NUM GROUP ELEMENT SYSTEMS

A. Reef Type - Exampl es: St i l l wat er , East Boul der

B. Superso l i dus I n t r usi on Br ecc i a Type - Exampl es: Lac des I l es

CARBONATI TE- HOSTED ORES

A. Copper - Exampl es: Pal abor a

B. Ni obi um - Exampl es: Ni obec

PLACER DEPOSI TS

A. Gol d Pl acer

1 . Sur f i cal Pl acer - Exampl es: But cher Boy

2. Bur i ed Channel Pl acer - Exampl es: Fi sh Cr eek, Gar dner s Poi nt , Kl ondi ke, L i vengood, Ruby, San JuanRi dge, Yal dez Cr eek, Yuba

3. Mar i ne Pl acer - Exampl es: Nome

B. Ti n Al l uvi a l Pl acer - Exampl es: Koba

LATERI TE DEPOSI TS

A. Gol d - Exampl es: Boddi ngt on, For t num, Gabani nt ha ( Yagahong) , Omai ( Wenot Lake), Pl ut oni c , Reedy, Tel f er ,Tul awaka

B. Ni ckel - Exampl es: Gl enbr ook ( Ni ckel Mount ai n)

EXOTI C COPPER - Exampl es: Col l ahuasi ( Hui nqui nt i pa) , Chui qui camat a ( Mi na Sur) , El Abr a ( I chuno and Lagar t o) ,El Tesoro , El Sa l vador ( Dami ana) , Emera l d I s l e


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Ki r kham, R. V. and Si nc l a i r , W. D. , 1995, Vei n Copper ; i n Geol ogy of Canadi an Mi ner al Deposi t s Types: O. R.Ecks t r and, W. D. Si ncl a i r and R. I . Thor pe ( eds . ) , Geol ogi cal Survey o f Canada, Geol ogy o f Canada, n . 8( a l so Geol ogi cal Soci e t y o f Amer i ca, The Geol ogy o f Nor t h Amer i ca, P- 1) , p . 399-408.


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Ki r kham, R. V. and Si nc l a i r , W. D. , 1995, Por phyr y Copper , Gol d, Mol ybdenum, Tungst en, Ti n and Si l ver ; i n Geol ogyof Canadi an Mi ner a l Deposi t s Types: O. R. Ecks t r and, W. D. Si ncl a i r and R. I . Thor pe ( eds . ) , Geol ogi calSur vey of Canada, Geol ogy of Canada, n. 8, ( a l so Geol ogi cal Soci et y of Amer i ca, The Geol ogy of Nor t h Amer i caP- 1) , p . 421-446.

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Lef ebure , D. V. and Chur ch, B. N. , 1996, Po l ymet a l l i c Ve i ns Ag-Pb-Zn +/ - Au; i n Se l ect ed Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi ner a lDeposi t Pr of i l es, Vol ume 2 - Met al l i c Depos i t s : D. V. Le f ebur e and T. Hoy ( eds . ) , Br i t i s h Col umbi a Mi ni s t r yof Empl oyment and I nvest ment , Open Fi l e Repor t , 1996- 13, p. 67- 70.

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MacI n t y r e , D. , 1995, Sedi ment ary Exha l a t i ve Zn-Pb-Ag; i n Se l ect ed Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi ner a l Deposi t s Pr o f i l es, Vo l ume1 - Met a l l i cs and Coal : D. V. Lef ebure and G. E. Ray ( eds . ) , Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi n i s t r y of Ener gy ofEmpl oyment and I nvest ment , Open Fi l e Repor t , n. 1995- 20, p. 37- 39.

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McMi l l an, R. H. , 1996, Turb i d i t e -Host ed Au Ve i ns; i n Se l ect ed Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi ner a l Deposi t Pr o f i l es, Vo l ume 2 -Met a l l i c Deposi t s : D. V. Lef ebure and T. Hoy ( eds . ) , Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi n i s t r y of Empl oyment and I nvest ment ,Open Fi l e Repor t , 1996- 13, p. 59- 62.

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Mut schl er F . E. and Mooney , T. C. , 1993, Pr eci ous- Met a l Deposi t s Re l a t ed t o Al kal i c I gneous Rocks : Pr ovi s i ona lCl ass i f i cat i on, Gr ade-Tonnage Dat a and Expl ora t i on Fr ont i e rs ; i n Mi ner a l Deposi t Mode l i ng: R. V. Ki r kham,W. D. Si ncl a i r , R. I . Thor pe and J. M. Duke (eds. ) , Geol ogi cal Assoc i a t i on o f Canada Spec i a l Paper , n . 40,p. 479- 520.

Na l dre t t , A. J . , 1993, Mode l s f o r t he Format i on o f St r a t a-bound Concent r a t i ons of Pl a t n i um- Gr oup El ement s i n Layer edI n t r us i ons; i n Mi ner al Depos i t Model i ng : R. V. Ki r k ham, W. D. Si ncl ai r , R. I . Thor pe and J. M. Duk e ( eds . ) ,Geol ogi cal Assoc i a t i on o f Canada Spec i a l Paper , n . 40, p . 373-387.

Ne l son, J . L . 1996, Po l ymet a l l i c Mant os Ag-Pb-Zn; i n Se l ect ed Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi ner a l Deposi t Pr o f i l es, Vo l ume 2 -Met a l l i c Deposi t s : D. V. Lef ebure and T. Hoy ( eds . ) , Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi n i s t r y of Empl oyment and I nvest ment ,Open Fi l e Repor t , 1996- 13, p. 101- 104.

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Pant e l eyev, A. , 1995, Subvol can i c Cu-Au-Ag (As- Sb) ; i n Se l ect ed Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi ner a l Deposi t s Pr o f i l es, Vo l ume1 - Met a l l i cs and Coal : D. V. Lef ebure and G. E. Ray ( eds . ) , Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi n i s t r y of Ener gy ofEmpl oyment and I nvest ment , Open Fi l e Repor t , n. 1995- 20, p. 79- 82.

Pant e l eyev, A. , 1995, Porphyr y Cu-Au: Al kal i c ; i n Se l ect ed Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi ner a l Deposi t s Pr o f i l es, Vo l ume 1 -Met a l l i cs and Coal : D. V. Lef ebure and G. E. Ray (eds. ) , Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi n i s t r y o f Ener gy of Empl oymentand I nvest ment , Open Fi l e Repor t , n . 1995- 20, p . 83- 86.

Pant e l eyev, A. , 1995, Porphyr y Cu+/ - Mo +/ - Au; i n Se l ect ed Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi ner a l Deposi t s Pr o f i l es, Vo l ume 1 -Met a l l i cs and Coal : D. V. Lef ebure and G. E. Ray (eds . ) , Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi n i s t r y o f Ener gy of Empl oymentand I nvest ment , Open Fi l e Repor t , n . 1995- 20, p . 87- 92.

Pant e l eyev , A. , 1996 , Hot - Sp r i ng Hg ; i n Se l ect ed Br i t i s h Co l umbi a Mi ner al Depos i t Pr o f i l es , Vo l ume 2 - Me t al l i cDeposi t s : D. V. Lef ebure and T. Hoy (eds. ) , Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi n i s t r y o f Empl oyment and I nvest ment , Open Fi l eRepor t , 1996- 13, p . 31- 32.

Pant e l eyev , A. , 1996, Ho t Sp r i ng Au - Ag; i n Se l ect ed Br i t i s h Col umbi a Mi ner al Depos i t Pr of i l es, Vol ume 2 - Me t a l l i cDeposi t s : D. V. Lef ebure and T. Hoy (eds. ) , Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi n i s t r y o f Empl oyment and I nvest ment , Open Fi l eRepor t , 1996- 13, p . 33- 36.

Pant e l eyev, A. 1996, Ep i t her mal Au-Ag-Cu: Hi gh Su l phi dat i on; i n Se l ect ed Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi ner a l Deposi t Pr o f i l es,Vo l ume 2 - Met a l l i c Deposi t s : D. V. Lef ebure and T. Hoy (eds. ) , Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi n i s t r y of Empl oyment andI nvest ment , Open Fi l e Repor t , 1996- 13, p . 37- 39.

Pant e l eyev , A. , 1996, Ep i t her mal Au - Ag: Low Sul phi dat i on; i n Se l ec t ed Br i t i s h Col umb i a Mi ner al Depos i t Pr of i l es,Vo l ume 2 - Met a l l i c Deposi t s : D. V. Lef ebure and T. Hoy (eds . ) , Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi n i s t r y o f Empl oyment andI nvest ment , Open Fi l e Repor t , 1996- 13, p . 41- 44.

Pa r r , J . M. and Pl i me r , I . R. , 1993 , Mode l s f o r Br ok en Hi l l - Ty pe Lead- Zi nc- Si l v er Depos i t s ; i n Mi ne r a l Deposi tMode l i ng: R. V. Ki r kham, W. D. Si ncl a i r , R. I . Thor pe and J. M. Duke (eds. ) , Geol ogi cal Assoc i a t i on o f CanadaSpec i a l Paper , n . 40, p . 253-288.

Poul sen, K. H. , 1995, Lode Gol d; i n Geol ogy of Canadi an Mi ner al Deposi t s Types: O. R. Eckst r and, W. D. Si nc l a i rand R. I . Thor pe ( eds . ) , Geol ogi cal Survey of Canada, Geol ogy o f Canada, n . 8 , ( a l so Geol ogi cal Soci e t y o fAmer i ca, The Geol ogy of Nor t h Amer i ca, P- 1) , p. 323- 328.

Poul sen, K. H. , 1995, Di ssemi nat ed and Repl acement Gol d; i n Geol ogy of Canadi an Mi ner al Deposi t s Types: O. R.Ecks t r and, W. D. Si ncl a i r and R. I . Thor pe ( eds . ) , Geol ogi cal Survey o f Canada, Geol ogy o f Canada, n . 8( a l so Geol ogi cal Soci e t y o f Amer i ca, The Geol ogy o f Nor t h Amer i ca, P- 1) , p . 383-392.

Poul sen, K. H. , 1996, Car l i n -Type Gol d Deposi t s and Thei r Pot ent i a l Occur r ence i n t he Canadi an Cord i l l e ra ; i nCur r ent Resear ch 1996- A, Geol ogi cal Sur vey of Canada, p. 1- 9.

Poul sen, K. H. and Hanni ngt on, M. D. , 1995, Vol cani c- Associ at ed Sul phi de Gol d; i n Geol ogy of Canadi an Mi ner alDeposi t s Types: O. R. Ecks t r and, W. D. Si ncl a i r and R. I . Thor pe ( eds . ) , Geol ogi ca l Survey of CanadaGeol ogy o f Canada, n . 8 , ( a l so Geol ogi cal Soci e t y o f Amer i ca, The Geol ogy o f Nor t h Amer i ca, P- 1) , p . 183-196

Poul s en , K. H. , Mo r t ens en, J . K. and Mur phy , D. C. , 1997, St y l es of I n t r us i on - Re l a t ed Go l d Mi ne r a l i z at i on i n t heDawson- Mayo Ar ea, Yukon Ter r i t or y ; i n Curr ent Resear ch 1997- A: Geol ogi cal Sur vey of Canada, p. 1- 10.


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Ray, G. E. , 1995, Cu Skar ns; i n Se l ect ed Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi ner a l Deposi t s Pr o f i l es, Vo l ume 1 - Met a l l i cs and Coal :D. V. Lef ebure and G. E. Ray (eds. ) , Br i t i sh Col umbi a Mi ni s t r y of Ener gy of Empl oyment and I nvest ment , OpenFi l e Repo r t , n . 1995- 20, p. 59- 60.

Ray, G. E, 1995, Pb-Zn Skar ns; i n Se l ect ed Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi ner a l Deposi t s Pr o f i l es, Vo l ume 1 - Met a l l i cs andCoal : D. V. Lef ebur e and G. E. Ray ( eds. ) , Br i t i sh Col umbi a Mi ni s t r y of Ener gy of Empl oyment and I nvest ment ,Open Fi l e Repor t , n . 1995- 20, p . 61- 62.

Ray, G. E. , 1998, Au Skarns; i n Geol ogi cal Fi e l dwor k 1997, Br i t i sh Col umbi a Mi ni s t r y of Empl oyment and I nvest mentPaper , 1998- 1, p. 24H- 1 t o 24H- 4.

Ri chardson, D. G. and Bi r ket t , T. C. , 1995, Carbonat i t e -Assoc i a t ed Deposi t s ; i n Geol ogy o f Canadi an Mi ner a lDeposi t s Types: O. R. Ecks t r and, W. D. Si ncl a i r and R. I . Thor pe ( eds . ) , Geol ogi cal Survey of CanadaGeol ogy o f Canada, n . 8 , ( a l so Geol ogi cal Soci e t y o f Amer i ca, The Geol ogy o f Nor t h Amer i ca, P- 1) , p . 541-558

Rober t . , F. , 1995, Quar t z- Car bonat e Vei n Gol d; i n Geol ogy of Canadi an Mi ner al Deposi t s Types: O. R. Eckst r and,W. D. Si ncl a i r and R. I . Thor pe ( eds . ) , Geol ogi cal Survey of Canada, Geol ogy o f Canada, n . 8 , ( a l soGeol ogi cal Soci e t y o f Amer i ca, The Geol ogy o f Nor t h Amer i ca, P- 1) , p . 350-366.

Rober t , F. , 1997, A Pr e l i mi nar y Ge l ogi cal Mode l f o r Syen i t e -Assoc i a t ed Di ssmi nat ed Gol d Deposi t s i n t he Ab i t i b iBel t , Ont ar i o and Quebec; i n Cur r ent Resear ch 1997-C; Geol ogi cal Sur vey of Canada, p. 201- 210.

Rober t , F. , 2001, Syen i t e -Assoc i a t ed Di ssemi nat ed Gol d Deposi t s i n t he Ab i t i b i Gr eenst one Be l t , Canada: Mi ner a l i umDeposi t a , v . 36, p . 503-516.

Ruzi cka, V. and Thor pe, R. I . , 1995, Ar sen i de Si l ver - Coba l t Ve i ns; i n Geol ogy of Canadi an Mi ner a l Deposi t s Types:O. R. Ecks t r and, W. D. Si ncl a i r and R. I . Thor pe ( eds . ) , Geol ogi cal Survey of Canada, Geol ogy o f Canada, n8 , ( a l so Geol ogi cal Soci e t y o f Amer i ca, The Geol ogy o f Nor t h Amer i ca, P- 1) , p . 287-296.

Sangst er , D. F. , 1995, Mi ss i ss i ppi Va l l ey- Type Lead- Zi nc; i n Geol ogy o f Canadi an Mi ner a l Deposi t s Types: O. R.Ecks t r and, W. D. Si ncl a i r and R. I . Thor pe ( eds . ) , Geol ogi cal Survey o f Canada, Geol ogy o f Canada, n . 8( a l so Geol ogi cal Soci e t y o f Amer i ca, The Geol ogy o f Nor t h Amer i ca, P- 1) , p . 253-261.

Schmi d t , J . M. , 1997, Shal e-Host ed Zn-Pb-Ag and Bar i t e Deposi t s o f Al aska; i n Mi ner a l Depost i s o f Al aska: R. J .Gol df ar b and L. D. Mi l l er ( ed. ) Economi c Geol ogy Monogr aph, No. 9, p. 35- 65.

Schr oet er , T. and Poul sen, H. , 1996, Carbonat e-Host ed Di ssemi nat ed Au-Ag; i n Se l ect ed Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi ner a lDeposi t Pr of i l es, Vol ume 2 - Met al l i c Depos i t s : D. V. Le f ebur e and T. Hoy ( eds . ) , Br i t i s h Col umbi a Mi ni s t r yof Empl oyment and I nvest ment , Open Fi l e Repor t , 1996- 13, p. 9- 12.

Schr oet er , T. G. and Cameron, R. , 1996, Al kal i c I n t r us i on- Assoc i a t ed Au-Ag; i n Se l ect ed Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi ner a l

Deposi t Pr of i l es, Vol ume 2 - Met al l i c Depos i t s : D. V. Le f ebur e and T. Hoy ( eds . ) , Br i t i s h Col umbi a Mi ni s t r yof Empl oyment and I nvest ment , Open Fi l e Repor t , 1996- 13, p. 49- 51.

Si l l i t oe, R. H. , 1993, Ep i t her mal Mode l s : Genet i c Types, Geomet r i cal Cont r o l s and Shal l ow Feat ures ; i n Mi ner a lDeposi t Mode l i ng: R. V. Ki r kham, W. D. Si ncl a i r , R. I . Thor pe and J . M. Duke ( eds . ) , Geol ogi cal Assoc i a t i onof Canada Speci al Paper , n. 40, p. 403- 417.

Si l l i t oe, R. H. , 1993 , Gol d- Ri c h Por phy r y Coppe r Deposi t s : Geol ogi c al Mode l and Ex pl o r a t i on I mp l i c at i ons ; i nMi ner a l Deposi t Mode l i ng: R. V. Ki r kham, W. D. Si nc l a i r , R. I . Thor pe and J. M. Duke (eds . ) , Geol ogi calAssoci at i on of Canada Speci al Paper , n. 40, p. 465-478.

Si l l i t oe, R. H. , 1995 , Ex pl o r a t i on and Di s c ov er y o f Bas e- and Pr ec i ous- Met al Depos i t s i n t he Ci r c um- Paci f i c Regi oDur i ng t he Last 25 Year s: Resour ce Geol ogy Speci al I ssue No. 19, Soci et y of Resour ce Geol ogy, Met al Mi ni ngAgency of Japan ( eds. ) , 119 p.

Si l l i t oe, R. H. , 2000, St y l es o f Hi gh Su l ph i dat i on Go l d , Si l v er and Coppe r Mi ner al i z at i on i n Po r phy r y and Epi t hemr a

Envi r onment s: AusI MM Pr oceedi ngs, No. 1, p. 19- 34.

Si l l i t oe, R. H. , 2002, Some Met a l l ogeni c Feat ures o f Go l d and Copper Deposi t s Re l a t ed t o Al kal i ne Rocks andCons equences f or Ex pl o r a t i on: Mi ne r a l i um Depos i t a , v . 37, p . 4 - 13.

Si l l i t oe, R. H. , Hanni ng t on , M. D. and Thomps on, J . F. H. , 1996 , Hi gh Sul f i dat i on Deposi t s i n t he Vo l c anogen i cMassi ve Sul f i de Envi r onment : Economi c Geol ogy, v . 91, p. 204-212.

Si l l i t oe, R. H. , St eel e , G. B. , Thomps on, J . F. H. and Lang , J . R. , 1998, Adv anced Ar gi l l i c Li t hocaps i n t heBol i v i an Ti n- Si l v er Bel t : Mi ner al i um Depos i t a, v . 33, n. 6, p. 539- 546.


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Si l l i t oe, R. H. and Thompson, J . F. H. , 1998, I n t r usi on- Re l a t ed Ve i n Go l d Deposi t s : Type, Tect ono-Magmat i c Set t i ngsand Di f f i c ul t i es of Di s t i nc t i on f r om Or ogeni c Gol d Depos i t s : Res our c e Geol ogy , v . 48 , n . 4, p. 237- 250 .

Si ncl a i r , W. D. , 1995, Ve i n-St ockwork Ti n ; i n Geol ogy o f Canadi an Mi ner a l Deposi t s Types: O. R. Ecks t r and, W.D. Si ncl a i r and R. I . Thor pe ( eds . ) , Geol ogi cal Survey of Canada, Geol ogy of Canada, n . 8 , ( a l so Geol ogi calSoci et y of Amer i ca, The Geol ogy of Nor t h Amer i ca, P- 1) , p. 409- 420.

Si ncl a i r , W. D. , 1995, Porphyr y Mo ( Low- F- Type) ; i n Se l ect ed Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi ner a l Deposi t s Pr o f i l es, Vo l ume 1 -Met a l l i cs and Coal : D. V. Lef ebure and G. E. Ray (eds . ) , Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi n i s t r y o f Ener gy of Empl oymentand I nvest ment , Open Fi l e Repor t , n . 1995- 20, p . 93- 96.

Si ncl a i r , W. D. , 1996, Mant o and St ockwork Sn; i n Se l ect ed Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi ner a l Deposi t Pr o f i l es, Vo l ume 2 -Met a l l i c Deposi t s : D. V. Lef ebure and T. Hoy ( eds . ) , Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi n i s t r y of Empl oyment and I nvest ment ,Open Fi l e Repor t , 1996- 13, p. 105- 109.

Si ncl a i r , W. D. , 1996, Porphyr y Mo ( Cl i max- Type) ; i n Se l ect ed Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi ner a l Deposi t s Pr o f i l es, Vo l ume1 - Met a l l i cs and Coal : D. V. Lef ebure and G. E. Ray ( eds . ) , Br i t i sh Co l umbi a Mi n i s t r y of Ener gy o fEmpl oyment and I nvest ment , Open Fi l e Repor t , n. 1995- 20, p. 105- 108.

Sl ack, J . F. , 1993, Descr i pt i ve and Gr ade- Tonnage Model s f or Besshi - Type Massi ve Sul phi de Deposi t s ; i n Mi ner alDeposi t Mode l i ng: R. V. Ki r kham, W. D. Si ncl a i r , R. I . Thor pe and J. M. Duke ( eds . ) , Geol ogi cal Assoc i a t i onof Canada Speci al Paper , n. 40, p. 343.

Tayl or , B. E. , 1995, Ep i t her mal Go l d Deposi t s ; i n Geol ogy o f Canadi an Mi ner a l Deposi t s Types: O. R. Ecks t r andW. D. Si ncl a i r and R. I . Thor pe ( eds . ) , Geol ogi cal Survey of Canada, Geol ogy o f Canada, n . 8 , ( a l soGeol ogi cal Soci e t y o f Amer i ca, The Geol ogy o f Nor t h Amer i ca, P- 1) , p . 329-350.

Thompson, J . F. H. , Si l l i t oe , R. H. , Bak er , T. , Lang, J . R. and Mor t ens en , J . K. , 1999 , I n t r usi on- Re l at ed Gol dDeposi t s Assoc i a t ed Wi t h Tungst en- Ti n Pr ovi nce: Mi ner a l i um Deposi t a , v . 34, n . 4 , p . 323-334.

Ti t l ey, S. R. , 1993, Char act er i s t i cs o f Porphyr y Copper Occur r ence i n t he Amer i can Sout hwest ; i n Mi ner a l Deposi tMode l i ng: R. V. Ki r kham, W. D. Si ncl a i r , R. I . Thor pe and J. M. Duke (eds. ) Geol ogi cal Assoc i a t i on o f CanadaSpec i a l Paper , n . 40, p . 433-464.

Ti t l ey, S. R. , 1993, Char act er i s t i cs of Hi gh- Temper a t ure , Carbonat e-Hos t ed Mass i ve Su l phi de Or es i n t he Un i t edSt a t es, Mexi co and Peru ; i n Mi ner a l Deposi t Mode l i ng: R. V. Ki r kham, W. D. Si ncl a i r , R. I . Thor pe and J .M. Duke ( eds . ) , Geol ogi cal Assoc i a t i on o f Canada Spec i a l Paper , n . 40, p . 585-614.

Tr ueman, E. A. G. , 1996, Car bonat e Host ed Cu + Pb + Zn; i n Geol ogi cal Fi e l dwork 1997, Br i t i sh Col umbi a Mi ni s t r y ofEmpl oyment and I nvest ment Paper 1998- 1, p. 24B- 1 t o 24B- 4.

types of ore deposits[1]

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