typographynew-101121034905-phpapp02
TRANSCRIPT
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FMagazineTypography
ONTS
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eartofprintingfrom moveable type,including the skilled planning oftypeface &size,
composition, & layout, to make a balancedand
attractive whole.
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isywhe
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Ap a etsWe use3differentalphabets intypographic design
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UPPER CASE
lower case
italics (or oblique)
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Upper&Lower
The terms uppercase and lower case
date from the earliestdays of printing, whenthe different alphabets
were kept in differentparts of the printerscase of letters
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CAPITALS
e early printerscopied theircapital letters
from inscriptionscarved in stone
TRAJANS
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TRAJANSCOLUMN, 113ad
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A B C D EF G H I MN O P QVR S T V X
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lower caselettering isbased on astyle ofhandwritingfrom the 9thcentury
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ItalicsItalics are a third alphabetbased on a popular style
of cursive handwriting,used in theVatican
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ItalicsThey were originally usedto save paper and print
cheaper books because theywere more compact than
Roman types
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ItalicsBut there were noItalic capitals, so
standardRomancapitals were used!
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T y p e s e t T i n gFor 400 years after
Gutenberg
invented moveable
type, printerscomposed lines of
type byhand, one
letter at a time.
When the printingwas completed, the
letters werereturned to a typecase.
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TheLinotypemachinewasinventeda
round1884
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The rival Monotype system
was invented around 1887
h
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phototypesettingtogether with theoffset lithographyprinting process,this method of
setting type tookover in the 1970s
d k bli hi
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desktoppublishingwith theintroduction of the
Apple MacintoshDTP revolutionised
type from the1980s
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ironically
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after hundreds of years spent developingtechnology designed to eliminate the dent in thepaper caused by letterpress printing, letterpress is
very fashionable again!
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CategoriesFonts fall into several
different categories, andcan be identified by
looking closely at theletters
f
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SerifsAll the early typefaces had
serifs the short crosslines at the end of the
strokes forming the letters
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ese were based on the waythe stonecutterswould finishinscriptionalletters with theirchisels
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Serif fonts are popular for
setting long passages of textbecause they are easy to readin
smaller sizes
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Serifs
f
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Sans Serif
Type without serifs is
called sans serif
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Sans serif types first became
popular in the 19th Century
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BY THE
MID-20THCENTURY,
THEY WERETHE
DOMINANT
FASHION IN
DESIGN
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Magazinestend to use one of the following:
Ultra-fine serif
(known as hair serifs)Big fat serif
(known as slab serifs)Sansserif
Examples follow...
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Hair Serif
Didot Bodoni
VOGUE
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Slab Serif
Clarendon Clearface
way out westAmerican
Typewriter
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Sans Serif
Helvetica Futura Frutiger
Univers
COSMOPOLITAN
Myriad Gill Sans
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Helveticathe worldsmost
populartypeface
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Helvetica is the vanilla
ice-cream of fonts
Mainly because it was installed on
everyLinotype machine in the
USA and then on everyMac
Ak id G k
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AkzidenzGrotesk
1899Helvetica
1957
Helvetica is
not a verymoderndesign
these are classed asGrotesque fonts -also known as
grots
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gill sans
a humanist sans serif
1926used bythe BBC
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futura
a geometric sans serif
1927theresnothingit cant
do!
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univers
a neo-Grotesque sans serif
1954workswell withany otherfont
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optima
a humanist sans serif
955 inspiredby
Galileostomb inFlorence
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frutiger
a humanist sans serif
1975used byParisCDGAirport
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myriad
a humanist sans serif
992used by
Applesince
2002
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use no more than two or threedifferent fonts
You can also vary weight, width,
colour
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Left aligned text
should form astraight line at the
left side of the page.This is the usual form
of alignment inpassages of body
text
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Right aligned text
should form astraight line at the
right side of thepage. This is rarely
used - usually in alayout design for acoverline.
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Centred text should
only rarely be used.
You might use it for
a title or a poem,
but there are few other
good reasons.
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Justified text should
form a straight line atboth the left and rightside of the page. This
is a common form ofalignment in body textin books and articles.
Usually the last line isnot justified.
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Spacing can be adjusted between
words and individualL E T T E R S (word spacing
and letter spacing)
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Youcanalsoadju
stthespacing
betweenlinestomaketex
teasier
toread,or
morepleasingtot
heeye.
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R PAING
many modn have
sma s and
hundds ofcha paings
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FROM
ANYERATYPOGRAPHICDESIGNREQUIR
ES
NODRAWINGSKILLS
OST
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OSTTypographyis dign
to be
unobtrusive
BUTDispypogphyis meantto be noticed
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knowing the rules makes it easier to
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knowing the rules makes it easier to
experiment!
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Skyline
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Background
Cover lines
Skyline
artwork
Nameplate
Cover Story
Bar Code / Cover Price
CornerSnipe (or
Pug)
Puff
Usually white, or partof the cover photos
background
Usually a single subjectagainst a cleanbackground
(Could be a strap line, iftheres a background colour
here)