U S N Murty, PhD, FRES (London)Chief Scientist

Head, Biology DivisionCSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology

Hyderabad 500007

(I3 Technology)Innovative IT approach for Integrated

Mosquito Management

Indian healthcare industry is $65 billion and is expected to reach to $100 billion by 2015.

Services such as telemedicine utilise Information and Communications Technology (ICT) and are increasingly being offered by a large number of medical institutes

The 2012-13 Budget has allocated increased funds for the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) to the tune of $4.14 billion in the current fiscal year, subsequently announcing the launch of National Urban Health Mission, a scheme for the urban poor. .

Public private partnership is another trend, or rather a collaborative effort, that is required for healthcare facilities to reach remote areas in India

Existing IT solutions in Health care in India :* Hospital Management Information System (HIS)

* Laboratory Information System (LIS)* Radiology Information System (RIS)* Blood Bank Information System (BIS)

Major challenges in IT transformation into Health sector

• Huge amount of data, little information and no knowledge

• Poor adaptation of health officials and reluctant to move from traditional to modern system

• Not much importance is given for quick communication like out break info, out reach program etc.,

• Practically no ready made solutions are available on advanced forecasting system to predict the outbreak of diseases which need to be look into seriously by the government.

Major challenges in IT transformation into Health sector

• Fragmented innovation in Health Research

• Limitations in sharing the data due to several factors

• Many hurdles from Innovation to Implementation.

• Major set back is ego to join hands for interdisciplinary project.

About India

* Source : www.who.int/countries/ind/e : WHO statistics 2008

Gross National Income per capita (PPP international $) 3,800.

Life expectancy at birth m/f : 62/64.

Healthy life expectancy at birth m/f 53/54.

Probability of dying under 5 (per 1,000 live births) 76.

Probability of dying under 15-60 years m/f (per 1,000 population) 276/203.

Expenditure on Health per capita $ 100.

Expenditure on Health as % of GDP : 5.

Potential ICT to improve Health care 65 % of 1100 million are literate60% of rural India has access to TV coverage650, 000 existing PCOc internet kioskis400, 000 villages already have telephone connections.Mobile users in India is 15.64 million.Internet users in India 45 Million

Level Public Private

Primary PHCs and its sub centers Traditional

Secondary District Hospitals Private Clinics Small nursing homes

Tertiary Teaching hospitals Private clinics Nursing homes Corporate hospitals

Health care India

Burden of Diseases The disease burden for India for all age groups

Expenditure on Health Expenditure without objective!*

37 (DPR Korea)8Nurses/ 10,000

32 (DPR Korea)59 (Cuba)7Doctors/10,000

132 (DPR Korea)196 (Monaco)9Beds/ 10,000

364 (Maldives)5711(USA)27Per capita (US $)

9.6 (Timor-Leste)15.2 (USA)4.6Percent of GDP

Highest in Region

Highest in World

India*Exp on Health

Heterogeneous Population > 1.2 billon Different Ethnic Groups Endogamous tribal population (conserved gene pool)

> 200 Medical Colleges >400 Research Institutes >350 Universities 11,500 hospitals and 14,000 diagnostic laboratories 50 R&D labs in the public sector & 200 in Govt. Sector

1.5 lac sub-centres, 23,000 primary health centres, 4000 community health centres 1,600 urban family welfare centres

Biomedical Research Strength India

Mosquito/Vector borne diseases

Major Vector Borne Diseases in North East India

Malaria

Japanese encephalitis

Dengue

Filariasis

The major vector borne disease in North East India are:

Chronic Cases of filariasis

257 (55%) districts are shown to be endemic. Population at Risk (NFCP estimates) - 429.3 million Rs 700 crores loss per annum

IICT contributions in Management of

Mosquito Borne Diseases

Web based Filariasis database-Home Page

Murty et al PLOS One, 2012 (IF 4.5)

Malaria database-Home PageCopy Right No. SW-3048/2006. Murty et al Bioinformation 1(6), 194-196.

Dr. USN Murty Project Leader, Biology Division IICT and Sri. Rakesh Sharma, COA, IICT receiving the award of excellence

from the Hon’ble Minister for Health & Family Welfare Sri. C. C. Singpho Govt. Of Arunachal Pradesh

Appreciation fromGovt. of Arunachal Pradesh

Received eNorth East award-2011 for Database Management System on Malaria and Geographical Information System (GIS) for management of Malaria in Arunachal Pradesh.

JE database-Home Page

EXPERT SYSTEM FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF MALARIA VECTORS

Copy Right File no: Sci (2002) PT-394 Murty USN et al: CABIOS. Vol.12. No.6, 491-495 (IF 6.5)

Sponsored by DRL Tezpur DRDO (Rs.5.0 lakhs)

EXPERT SYSTEM FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF SOUTH EAST ASIAN CULEX MOSQUITOES

Copy Right File no: Sci (2008)Bioinformation 1(2), 40-41

A Web based Application for calculating Aerodynamic Properties of Fliers

A Web based Application for calculating Aerodynamic Properties of Fliers

Home Page

About the program• The software is user friendly, operationally

feasible, open ended and an excellent program to calculate aerodynamic properties.

•By giving six input parameters of N no. of sets (both male and female data) results of each individual will be generated in four tables with average values.

• Final results can be tabulated from the average values.

PUBLICATION

Classification and identification of mosquito sps. using ANN

UNCOVER HIDDEN INFORMATION THROUGHUNCOVER HIDDEN INFORMATION THROUGH

““DATA MININGDATA MINING””

We have lots of data!We have lots of data!

We have no knowledge!(how to extract knowledge from data)

We have no knowledge!(how to extract knowledge from data)

We have little information! (Users expect more sophisticated information)

We have little information! (Users expect more sophisticated information)

Self Organizing Maps (SOM) Self-organizing maps (SOMs) are a data clustering technique

invented by Professor Teuvo Kohonen of Helsinki University of Technology, Finland, in 1960’s which reduce the dimensions of data through the use of self-organizing neural networks.

In SOM the neurons are organized in a lattice, usually a one or two-dimensional array, which is placed in the input space and is spanned over the inputs distribution

Using a two-dimensional SOM network it is possible to obtain a map of input space where closeness between units or clusters in the map represents closeness of the input vectors.

The main applications of the SOM is the visualization of high-dimensional data in a two dimensional manner, and the creation of abstractions like in many clustering techniques.

Data clustered on a 3x3 grid using SOM.

Scale: 0 1

Data clustered on a 3x3 grid using SOM.

Scale: 0 1

3.2 3.3

Data clustered on a 3x3 grid using SOM.

Project leader Dr.USN Murty handing over the filariasis database to the District Malaria Officer, Chittoor,

Andhra Pradesh.

SOM technology transferred to NVBDCP ,

Ministry of Health and FW Govt. India letter of

Invitation for preliminary studies

FMVS Technology handed over to Govt. of Andhra Pradesh

API 2007 API 2008

API 2009

Malaria Monitoring Visualization System (MMVS) for Arunachal Pradesh

Spatial mapping of malaria endemic regions in Arunachal Pradesh. The technology is ready to transfer to Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh

Filariasis Monitoring Visualization System (FMVS)

PLOS neglected Tropical Diseases, 2010

JE Patient (Source-NIV)

Japanese encephalitis in North East

JE affected children(Source:www.rediff.com)

• The algorithm used to predict the PMHD of mosquitoes is a slightly modified of the Bayesian network algorithm.

• This algorithm tries to calculate the mosquito population which can occur with maximum likelihood.

• In our algorithm instead of using the traditional probability values for each event, We use a measure of the likelihood of the occurrence of an event.

JEBNET

The Byesian network for the given file.

Work Highlighted in Lancet Infectious Diseases 2004

DENGUE

Example of a skin rash due to dengue fever

DHF

Close-up of an Aedes mosquito

Dengue

Dengue Decision Support System-Home Page

Sponsored by DBT Rs. 15 lakhs

CSIR climate network

Meteorological tower at IICT Hyderabad campus:

The 30 mts Meteorological Tower with biosensors has been installed in IICT – CGP Complex at Moulali Hyderabad.

Data receiver & recorder

Data receiver & recorder

e-Atlas on Vector Borne Diseases• The five major vector borne diseases threatening the nation’s

infrastructure have been reported several ways

• Visualization of epidemiological parameters is crucial for region or state-wise analysis

• Geographical Information Systems (GIS) based web application has been developed to solve the purpose

• At single interface, one-click view of demographic prevalence of the diseases, year-wise increase in cases and maximum mortality could be viewed

• Printable form of year-wise statistics of any particular state and any of the five diseases considered here is constituted.

Map showing distribution of dengue in the year-2002

ENVIS Centre @ Bioinformatics Vector Control (www.iictenvis.nic.in)

DISSEMINATION

CENTRE

Community Information Centers (CIC) – A new horizon of IT in NE

Initiated in 2000, Established 487 CICs in 2002 out of which 218 located in Assam only

Community Information Centres (CICs): A Boon for North East India

• Remote region to be connected to national mainstream through modern technology for rapid socio-economic development

• Rs. 240 crores, project launched in April, 2000 Ministry of Information Technology in all the 487 blocks of the region with the objectives to:

• Establish IT infrastructure at the block level• Create IT awareness amongst the local populace• Provide internet services such as e-mail, web access, etc• Conduct computer based training programmes• Provide citizen centric services• Provide access to socio-economic databases• Facilitate distance education• Use of IT tools for sustainable regional development.

Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR) Hyderabad

PARAM 10000 is a 100GF parallel computer developed by C-DAC and it has 40 compute nodes (quad Ultra processor, SMP) and 4 server nodes.

The PARAM 10000 series of machines are powered by state-of-the-art and emergent SUN’s UltraSparc series of Servers/Workstations configured as Compute nodes, File Servers, Graphics nodes and Internet Server nodes.

These nodes are interconnected through PARAM net a high bandwidth, low latency network designed in-house and a choice of other high performance networks such as Myrinet, Gigabit, Fast Ethernet and ATM.

PARAM Padma the latest in the series of parallel processing-based High Performance computers built by Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (CDAC),

The teraflop supercomputer is ten times more powerful than the PARAM 10000, which is India's first indigenously developed supercomputer.

As the PARAM Padma can perform one trillion operations in one second, it is useful in industries like Bioinformatics, Meteorology, Oil Exploration and corporations that manage and work on large amounts of data.

Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR) Hyderabad

GARUDA is a National Grid Computing initiative by CDACEasy access and use friendly, More than one user can work simultaneously through network GARUDA allows to use the resources that are available in any part of the countryIt also allows the high end applications without any storage limitation

Future VBD Information on GARUDA in India

The way forward

• On specific solutions, cloud computing and mobile technology is an essential to take healthcare to the next level across India

• Potential utilization of existing IT infrastructure to reach remote people living in rural areas

• IT solutions should be the integral part of e-governance as many PHCs and district health administrations are well connected. Impart training to the health workers on basic computers for necessary report generation from time to time.

• No EGO only GO

Fight between Man and Mosquito is an endless war

IICT

U S N Murthy PhD FRES (London)IICT, Hyderabad