u1 l1 - what is science?
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Science Fusion PowerNotes - Grade 8 Unit 1 Lesson 1 - What is Science?TRANSCRIPT
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Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
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Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
Indiana Standards
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• NOS 8.3 Collect quantitative data with appropriate tools or technologies and use appropriate units to label numerical data.
• NOS 8.10 Compare the results of an experiment with the prediction.
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Character Witness
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What characterizes science?
• Science is the systematic study of natural events and conditions.
• There are three main types of science: biology, geology, and physical science.
Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
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What characterizes science?
• Life science, or biology, is the study of living things.
• Earth science, or geology, is the study of the surface and interior of Earth.
• Physical science is the study of energy and nonliving matter. Physical science includes physics and chemistry.
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Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
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What characterizes science?
• All branches of science have some characteristics in common.
• All kinds of scientists must share and discuss their results with others.
• All scientific ideas must be testable and reproducible.
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Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
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What characterizes science?
• Scientific evidence must be observable by all scientists. It must not be based on opinions or feelings.
• Empirical evidence is observations, measurements, and data that scientists gather to support an explanation.
• Scientists commonly use tools to collect data.
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Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
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“Give me an explanation … ”
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What is a scientific explanation?
• A scientific explanation provides reasons for how a phenomenon occurs.
• Scientific explanations are based on empirical evidence. Therefore, they can be tested.
• Science cannot test explanations involving unsupported beliefs or opinions.
Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
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What is a scientific explanation?
• Scientists often start developing an explanation by examining all of the data and empirical evidence they have.
• Then they think logically about the evidence and develop a reasonable explanation.
• Other scientists test the explanation for themselves.
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Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
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What is a scientific explanation?
• Scientific explanations must explain all available evidence.
• If new evidence is discovered, it is compared to the explanation.
• If the explanation cannot explain the new evidence, the explanation may be modified.
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Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
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How is a scientific explanation evaluated?• First, study the empirical evidence. Decide if it
supports the explanation.
• Second, decide if the explanation is logical and agrees with your other observations.
• Third, identify tests you can do to support the idea.
• Finally, evaluate the explanation.
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Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
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Common Habits
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What is involved in scientific work?
• Science and the people who study it are diverse. However, they have some characteristics in common.
• When you show these characteristics, you are thinking like a scientist.
Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
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What is involved in scientific work?
• Scientists make careful observations. They may use their senses or scientific tools to make observations.
• Scientists are curious about the world and how it works.
• Scientists are creative. They use their imaginations to come up with explanations, experiments, and solutions.
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Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
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What is involved in scientific work?
• Scientists are logical. They use evidence and careful reasoning to develop explanations.
• Scientists are skeptical. They do not immediately accept claims. Instead, they ask questions and evaluate the claims.
• Scientists are objective. They set aside their feelings and opinions when they evaluate ideas.
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Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
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“Space Aliens Built the Pyramids”
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How is pseudoscience similar to and different from science?• Pseudoscience is beliefs or practices that are
mistakenly believed to be based on scientific principles.
• Pseudoscience can look like science, but it is not science.
Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
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How is pseudoscience similar to and different from science?• Both science and pseudoscience can address
topics from the natural world.
• Pseudoscientific claims can sound logical. They may use technical language or scientific-sounding terms.
• Both science and pseudoscience claim to be supported by empirical evidence.
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Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
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How is pseudoscience similar to and different from science?• Unlike science, pseudoscience does not use
accepted scientific methods.
• The evidence supporting pseudoscientific claims may be vague, biased, or inaccurate.
• Pseudoscientific claims are often not testable.
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Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
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How is pseudoscience similar to and different from science?• Pseudoscientists may say that any claim that has
not been proven false must be true. This is faulty logic.
• Scientists offer evidence for their explanations. In contrast, pseudoscientists often ask skeptics to prove their claims false.
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Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?