U5AEA18PROPULSION -II

Mr. SYED ALAY HASHIMAssistant Professor

Department of Aeronautical EngineeringVEL TECH Dr. RR & Dr. SR TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

ChennaiINDIA

I to V

UNIT

POWER POINT PRESENTATION

TURBINE VELOCITY TRIANGLE

BLADE EFFICIENCY

STAGE WISE WORK GENERATION

THERMODYNAMIC PLOT

DEGREE OF REACTION

TURBINE BLADE COOLING

RAMJET

RAMJET A ramjet, sometimes referred to as a flying stovepipe,

or an athodyd which is an abbreviation of Aero thermodynamic duct, is a form of air breathing jet engine using the engine's forward motion to compress incoming air, without a rotary compressor.

Ramjets cannot produce thrust at zero airspeed, thus they cannot move an aircraft from a standstill. Ramjets therefore require assisted take off like JATO to accelerate it to a speed where it begins to produce thrust. Ramjets work most efficiently at supersonic speeds around Mach 3. This type of engine can operate up to speeds of Mach 6.

SUPERSONIC INLET OPERATION

SCRAM JET

A scramjet (supersonic combustion ramjet) is a variant of a ramjet air breathing jet engine in which combustion takes place in supersonic airflow. As in ramjets, a scramjet relies on high vehicle speed to forcefully compress and decelerate the incoming air before combustion (hence ramjet),

but whereas a ramjet decelerates the air to subsonic velocities before combustion, airflow in a scramjet is supersonic throughout the entire engine. This allows the scramjet to operate efficiently at extremely high speeds: theoretical projections place the top speed of a scramjet between Mach 12 (9,100 mph; 15,000 km/h) and Mach 24 (18,000 mph; 29,000 km/h)

PERFORMANCE PLOT

TURBO RAMJETS

RAM ROCKET

THRUST CHAMBER

ROCKET PARAMETERS

NOZZLE DESIGN PARAMETERS

NOZZLE CONFIGURATIONS

ROCKET ENGINE SYSTEM (PRESSURE & PUMP FEED)

LIQUID PROPELLANT

LIQUID FUELS1. Hydrocarbon Fuels2. Liquid Hydrogen (H2)3. Hydrazine (N2H4)4. Unsymmetrical

Dimethyl hydrazine [(CH3)2NNH2]

5. Monomethylhydrazine (CH3NHNH2)

LIQUID OXIDIZERS1. Liquid Oxygen (02)2. Hydrogen Peroxide

(H202)3. Nitric Acid (HNO3)4. Nitrogen Tetroxide

(N204)

THRUST CHAMBER DETAILS

PROPELLANT INJECTOR

INJECTOR FACE

HYBRID ROCKET SYSTEM

.

SOLID PROPELLANT INGREDIENTS

SOLID PROPELLANT OXIDIZERS

SOLID PROPELLANT GRAIN DESIGN

SOLID PROPELLANT COMBUSTION

TYPES OF ELECTRICAL ROCKET1. Electrothermal- Propellant is heated electrically

and expanded thermodynamically; i.e., the gas is accelerated to supersonic speeds through a nozzle, as in the chemical rocket.

2. Electrostatic- Acceleration is achieved by the interaction of electrostatic fields on non-neutral or charged propellant particles such as atomic ions, droplets, or colloids.

3. Electromagnetic- Acceleration is achieved by the interaction of electric and magnetic fields within a plasma. Moderately dense plasmas are hightemperature or nonequilibrium gases, electrically neutral and reasonably good conductors of electricity.

ELECTRICAL ROCKETS

ARC-JET ROCKET

ION ROCKET

MAGNETOPLASMA ROCKET

SOLAR SAIL

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