Cell AnatomyCell Anatomy

Cell Parts & their FunctionCell Parts & their Function

What is a Cell?What is a Cell?

A cell is the smallest unit that is A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life capable of performing life

functions. functions.

It is the basic unit of living things.It is the basic unit of living things.

Cell TheoryCell Theory

• All living things are made up of cells. All living things are made up of cells. • Cells are the smallest working units of all Cells are the smallest working units of all

living things. living things. • All cells come from pre-existing cells All cells come from pre-existing cells

through cell division. through cell division.

Examples of CellsExamples of Cells

Amoeba Proteus

Plant Stem

Red Blood Cell

Nerve Cell

Bacteria

Cell OrganellesCell Organelles

• Cell Parts are referred to as organelles.Cell Parts are referred to as organelles.

Cell WallCell Wall

Most commonly found in plant cells & bacteria

Supports & protects cells

Cell Wall

Cell MembraneCell Membrane

• protective layer around all cells• allows food and oxygen into the cell and waste products out

of the cell.

Cell Wall

Cell Membrane

CytoplasmCytoplasm

• Gel-like materialGel-like material• Surrounded by cell membraneSurrounded by cell membrane

Cell Wall

Cell MembraneCytoplasm

NucleusNucleus

• contains instructions for everything cell does; includes DNA

Cell Wall

Cell MembraneCytoplasm

Nucleus

RibosomeRibosome

• Each cell contains thousandsEach cell contains thousands• Make proteinsMake proteins

– (Think of it like a battery plant!)(Think of it like a battery plant!)

• Found on ER & floating throughout the cellFound on ER & floating throughout the cell

Cell Wall

Cell MembraneCytoplasm

Nucleus

Ribosome

Endoplasmic Reticulum Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER for Short)(ER for Short)

• Moves materials around in cell Moves materials around in cell – (Like a highway)(Like a highway)

• Smooth type: lacks ribosomesSmooth type: lacks ribosomes• Rough type : ribosomes embedded in surface Rough type : ribosomes embedded in surface

Cell Wall

Cell MembraneCytoplasm

Nucleus

Ribosome

ER

MitochondrionMitochondrion

• releases energy from food– (Energy Plant)(Energy Plant)

• Controls level of water and other materials in cellControls level of water and other materials in cell

Cell Wall

Cell MembraneCytoplasm

Nucleus

Ribosome

ER

Mitochondrion

ChloroplastsChloroplasts• Found only in plant cells.• Contains green chlorophyllContains green chlorophyll• Where photosynthesis takes placeWhere photosynthesis takes place• Helps plant cells make food.Helps plant cells make food.

Cell Wall

Cell MembraneCytoplasm

Nucleus

Ribosome

ER

MitochondrionChloroplasts

VacuoleVacuole

• membrane-bound temporary storage spaces• Contains water solutionContains water solution• Help plants maintain shapeHelp plants maintain shape

Cell Wall

Cell MembraneCytoplasm

Nucleus

Ribosome

ER

MitochondrionChloroplasts

Vacuoles

Golgi BodyGolgi Body

• Protein 'packaging plant'Protein 'packaging plant'• Move materials within the cellMove materials within the cell• Move materials out of the cellMove materials out of the cell

Cell Wall

Cell MembraneCytoplasm

Nucleus

Ribosome

ER

MitochondrionChloroplasts

Vacuoles

Golgi Body

Make a CellMake a Cell

• Your assignment:Your assignment:– We will make a model of the cell using the We will make a model of the cell using the

materials on the table.materials on the table.– You must use the paper plate as the basis of You must use the paper plate as the basis of

your cell.your cell.

BibliographyBibliography

• http://www.science-class.net/PowerPoints/Cell_structure_function.htm

• Glencoe Life Structure Book AGlencoe Life Structure Book A