ucp bloodborne pathogens recertification · understanding bbp hazards hiv symptoms: • it could...
TRANSCRIPT
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UCP Bloodborne Pathogens
Recertification
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The trainer is available to answer any questions.
Please call UCP’s number 602-943-5472
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OSHA
Occupational Safety and Health Administration:
a. In 1991 OSHA established Bloodborne Pathogen Standard 29 CFR 1910.1030
b. Set code of conduct / limit & reduce exposure
c. Protects employees from exposure to BBP or Other Potential Infectious Materials (OPIM)
d. Must be re-certified once a year
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Understanding BBP Hazards
BBP are microorganisms (viruses and bacteria)
that are present in blood and body fluids and can
cause diseases in humans.
The three most common BBP are:
• Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
• Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
• Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)
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Understanding BBP Hazards
Other commonly recognized serious diseases:
• West Nile Virus
• Syphilis
• Tuberculosis
• Influenza
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How Infection Occurs
In order for pathogens to cause disease or
Infection the conditions are:
• Pathogen must be present
• There must be adequate quantity to overwhelm the immune response
• Suitable entry site into the body (skin cut, mucous membranes-mouth, nose, eyes.
• Susceptibility to the pathogen – weak immune system, pre-existing conditions
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Understanding BBP Hazards
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV):
• Causes AIDS
• No vaccine for HIV/AIDS
• Attacks white blood cells (T) destroying them
• Destroys body’s ability to fight infection
• Susceptible to opportunistic diseases such as
certain forms of pneumonia, cancer & others
• Less contagious w/transmission of 1 in 300
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Understanding BBP Hazards
HIV Symptoms:
• It could take many years before symptoms
• Enlarged lymph nodes (swollen glands)
• Lack of energy, weight loss & frequent fever
• Persistent/frequent yeast infection of the mouth or vaginal area
• Persistent/frequent skin rashes
• Short-term memory loss
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Understanding BBP Hazards
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV):
• 45 to 180 days for Incubation (120 days avg.)
• It develops gradually
• It’s discovered after fully developed.
• Only 50% to 60% infected show symptoms
• The most common & contagious virus – 1 in 3
• It is an inflammation of the liver
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Understanding BBP Hazards
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) cont:
• No specific treatment
• It can lead to liver failure, cirrhosis (scarring) or cancer of the liver
• 90% of healthy adults recover on their own and develop antibodies
• It does not die as it comes in contact with air.
• Infectious on surface w/blood for up to 7 days
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Understanding BBP Hazards
• Loss of appetite
• Fatigue & fever
• Nausea, vomiting
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) possible symptoms:
• Abdominal pain
• Jaundice (yellow skin)
• Joint pain
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Understanding BBP Hazards
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV):
• Incubation similar to HBV, w/45-75 days avg.
• Chronic patients rarely shows signs of infections & they may not be recognized.
• Possible symptoms similar to HBV
• No vaccine available but treatment is available to get rid of the virus
• 1 in 50 chance of getting infected
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How BBPs are Spread
• Semen
• Vaginal secretions
• Fluid in brain & spinal cord
• Fluid in joints
• Fluid in lungs
• Fluid surrounding the heart
Through exchange of blood and other body fluids
• Abdominal fluid
• Saliva in dental procedures
• Amniotic fluid
• Body fluids visibly contaminated w/ blood
• Any tissue or organ disconnected from body
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How BBPs are Spread
• Urine
• Saliva
• Tears
Body fluids not infectious unless with visible blood
• Feces
• Vomit
• Mucus
The two most common ways to be infected:
• Sexual transmission
• Illegal IV (Intravenous) drug use
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How BBPs are Spread
Other ways to be infected:
• Needle stick, sharp object cut & non-intact skin exposure (abrasion, cut, pimple)
• Splash or splatter into mucus membrane – eyes mouth and nose.
• An infected mother to baby
• Through materials contaminated with blood
• There is a greater risk of infection from HBV
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The trainer is available to answer any questions.
Please call UCP’s number 602-943-5472
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How BBPs are not Spread
BBPs are NOT spread by:
• Casual contact by touching, hugging, drinking water, sharing cups or glasses, coughing, sneezing, wiping nose, changing diapers.
• Sharing equipment or facilities
• Not harbored in swimming pools, hot tubs or toilet seats.
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BBP Hazards in the Workplace
Job classification or task:
• First Aid/CPR responders (clean up spills of blood or body fluids &/or rescued breath)
• Physical aggression acts
• Self help skills assistance
• Contact with medical waste (sharp objects)
• Maintenance and janitor workers
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HBV Vaccination
• Vaccine is produce in yeast and is very safe
• Approx. 95% of healthy adults develop protective antibodies with the vaccine
• Vaccine proven to be approx. 96% effective & protects you for 25 yrs + & possibly a life time
• Protective equipment (single-use latex gloves) is not enough
• UCP offers the vaccine free of charge as long as you remain employed w/UCP
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HBV Vaccination
• Three arm inoculations over 6 month:
1st inoculation ASAP
2nd inoculation after one month
3rd inoculation at 6 month
• If you decline UCP requires a signed form
• You can request the vaccine, free of charge.
• If you decline and in the future you change your mind you can request the vaccine
• The vaccine is effective 24hrs after exposure
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Control the Hazard
When in contact with human blood or body
fluids you must:
• Understand hazards of BBP
• Follow control procedures
• Protect yourself from exposure:
1. Universal precautions
2. Personal protective equipment (PPE)
3. Engineering control
4. Work practice control
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Universal Precautions
• Assuming that all blood and body fluids are infected with BBP
• Taking UP by avoiding any unnecessary contact or inappropriate actions that could cause infection
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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
• Gloves (new pair every time you clean up body fluids)
• Eye protection
• Masks
• Gowns or other protective clothing
• CPR mask
Personal hygiene is another exposure prevention
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Engineering Control
By removing the hazard or isolating employees
from exposure as follow:
• Using self-sheathing needles
• Providing special containers for contaminated sharp instruments
• Using disposable equipment/resuscitation bag
• “If it is wet and it comes from a human, don’t touch it without wearing gloves”
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Work Practice Controls
• Know how tasks are performed to prevent infection
• Understand and use proper procedures during emergencies
• Know how to protect yourself from infection
• Know how to clean up blood, body fluids & contaminated materials:
a. Wear gloves, use paper towels and disinfect with bleach and water diluted to 1:10 parts
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Work Practice Controls
b. Replace diluted bleach/water after 24 hours
• Dispose of gloves & towels in Biohazard bag
• Do not use mop to clean spills
• Properly handle & dispose of potentially infectious materials
• Follow procedures to minimize spattering, droplets, splashing & spraying of blood or other body fluids
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Work Practice Controls
• Don’t eat, drink, smoke, apply makeup, lip balm or handle contact lenses in these areas
• Wash hands before & after working with consumers
• Bending, recapping, or removing contaminated needles is prohibited except under special circumstances
• Shearing or breaking needles is prohibited
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What to do if exposed
Puncture Wound:
• Allow to bleed by “milking” the wound
• Wash the wound with soap & water
Non-Intact Skin:
• Wash hands w/water & antiseptic soap or w/ waterless disinfectant hand cleaner
• Vigorously scrub exposed areas preventing further damaging the skin
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What to do if exposed
Mucous Membranes – eyes, nose, mouth:
• Flush with large amounts or running water
Bites:
• Run cool water for at least 5 minutes
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Exposure Control Plan
Outlines the strategies to eliminate or minimize
Employees’ exposure to blood & body fluids. Site-
specific methods to reduce the risk of exposure:
• Training
• Vaccine
• Post-exposure evaluation & follow up
• Procedure for investigation & evaluation
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Post-exposure Procedures
• All exposure incidents must be reported to your supervisor
• Reports will be treated with strict confidence
• When exposed you must go to Concentra
• Post-exposure evaluation & follow-up will be provided
• Written accident report & evaluation
• Testing & consulting w/physicians or health care professional for HIV, HBV & HCV infection
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Housekeeping • Regulated waste handling includes any body
fluids, contaminated items/sharp objects
• Place them in special containers, leak-proof, labeled or color coded & closed
• Laundry – wear gloves, label items in leak-proof bags, don’t take home for laundering
• Pickup broken glassware w/tongs or brush & dustpan
• Disinfect contaminated surface w/1 part bleach & 10 parts water
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The trainer is available to answer any questions.
Please call UCP’s number 602-943-5472
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To take the test for this class, please go back to UCP’s intranet and look for :
“Recertification BBP Quiz”
The document will be locked. Please contact your trainer via email at
[email protected] for the password to
open the Quiz, print and send it to trainer.