uempty unit 1. cloud overview - ibm.com€¦• identify ibm cloud-computing offerings in each cloud...

Student Notebook

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2013 Unit 1. Cloud overview 1-1

V8.0

Uempty Unit 1. Cloud overview

What this unit is about

This unit describes concepts and terminology that are relevant to the cloud and cloud-computing.

What you should be able to do

After completing this unit, you should be able to:

• Describe the key characteristics of cloud computing

• Describe the features of private, public, hybrid, and community clouds

• List and describe the benefits of implementing a cloud-computing service delivery model

• Explain the difference between the four cloud service delivery models (PaaS, SaaS, DBaaS, and IaaS)

• Identify IBM cloud-computing offerings in each cloud layer

• Identify and differentiate between each SmartCloud offering

• Compare and contrast WorkLoad Deployer, PureFlex, and PureApplication

How you will check your progress

• Checkpoint

References

- •developerWorks Cloud community:

-https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/mydeveloperworks/groups/service/html/communityview?communityUuid=c2028fdc-41fe-4493-8257-33a59069fa04&successMessage=label.action.confirm.community.join

• •IBM Cloud Community:

-https://www.ibm.com/communities/service/html/communityview?communityUuid=fa3a3fd5-6d7b-48b9-b13b-ba25f3325dda

• •Cloud Security Alliance:

Student Notebook


1-2 Pattern Deployment with IBM PureApplication System V1.0 - Early © Copyright IBM Corp. 2013

-www.cloudsecurityalliance.org

• •IBM Test Cloud:

-http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cloud/devtest.html

• •Cloud Computing for Dummies, J. Hurwitz, ISBN 978-0-470-484-8

• •IBM Test Preparation, Cloud Computing, A Primer, Part I & II:

-http://www.ibm.com/certify/tests/edu032.shtml

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty

Figure 1-1. Unit objectives WU9071.0

Notes:

© Copyright IBM Corporation 2012

Unit objectives

After completing this unit, you should be able to:• Describe the key characteristics of cloud computing• Describe the features of private, public, hybrid, and community clouds• List and describe the benefits of implementing a cloud-computing

service delivery model• Explain the difference between the four cloud service delivery models

(PaaS, SaaS, DBaaS, and IaaS)• Identify IBM cloud-computing offerings in each cloud layer• Identify and differentiate between each SmartCloud offering• Compare and contrast WorkLoad Deployer, PureFlex, and

PureApplication

Student Notebook



Figure 1-2. Topics WU9071.0

Notes:


Topics

• Cloud characteristics and benefits• Comparing cloud service delivery models• IBM cloud-computing delivery offerings

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty 1.1. Cloud characteristics and benefits

Student Notebook



Figure 1-3. Cloud characteristics and benefits WU9071.0

Notes:

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.© Copyright IBM Corporation 2012

7.0

Cloud characteristics and benefits

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty

Figure 1-4. What is a cloud? WU9071.0

Notes:

The term cloud is used as a metaphor for the Internet. The term cloud is an abstraction for the complex infrastructure it conceals. The generally accepted definition of cloud computing comes from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The NIST definition runs to several hundred words but essentially says that:

‘Cloud Computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.’ Examples of computing resources include:

- Networks

- Servers

- Storage

- Applications,

- Services'


What is a cloud?

Hosting

Webhosting

SaaS

PaaSIaaS

Webapplications

Infrastructure utility

Student Notebook



On the slide are several common terms that are often associated with cloud implementations:

- Hosting pertains to fixed, dedicated resources

- Web hosting pertains to hosted and dedicated web applications and web content

- Software as a Service (SaaS) describes shared applications that are accessed as a service.

- Platform as a Service (PaaS) describes platforms that are provided as a service

- Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) describes infrastructure that is provided as a service

- Infrastructure utility pertains to industrialized computing resources, or those resources that are commoditized.

Web applications are provider dedicated web applications and web content.

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty

Figure 1-5. Layers of the cloud WU9071.0

Notes:

Layers of the cloud include application services, platform services, and infrastructure services.

Application services are most familiar to everyday web users. The application services layer hosts applications that fit the SaaS model. These applications run in a cloud and are provided on demand as services to users. Sometimes the services are free and providers generate revenue from things like web ads, and other times application providers generate revenue directly from the usage of the service. Does these scenarios sound familiar? It probably does since almost everyone uses them. If you use a tax service to file taxes online, or use an email service to check your mail, then you are familiar with the top layer of the cloud. These types of applications are just a couple of examples. There are literally thousands of SaaS applications, and the number grows daily primarily because of Web 2.0 technologies.

Not as apparent to the public at large is that there are many applications in the application services layer that are directed to the enterprise community. There are hosted software offerings available that handle payroll processing, human resource management,


Layers of the cloud

Infrastructureservices

Platform services

Application services

Hostedapplications

Middleware, messaging,integration,

information, and connectivity

Servers, network devices, and storage disks

Student Notebook



collaboration, customer relationship management, business partner relationship management, and more. Examples of these offerings include IBM LotusLive, IBM Lotus Sametime, Unyte, Salesforce.com, Sugar CRM, and WebEx.

Applications that are delivered by using the SaaS model benefit consumers by relieving them from installing and maintaining the software. The applications can also be used through licensing models that support pay for use concepts.

Platform services are the layer in which application infrastructure emerge as a set of services. These services include but are not limited to middleware as a service, messaging as a service, integration as a service, information as a service, and connectivity as a service. The services here are intended to support applications. These applications might be running in the cloud, and they might be running in a more traditional enterprise data center. To achieve the scalability that is required within a cloud, the different services that are offered here are often virtualized. Examples of offerings in this part of the cloud include IBM WebSphere Application Server virtual images, Amazon web Services, Boomi, Cast Iron, and Google App Engine. Platform services enable consumers to be sure that their applications are equipped to meet the needs of users by providing application infrastructure that is based on demand.

Making up the bottom layer of the cloud is the infrastructure services layer. At this layer are a set of physical assets such as servers, network devices, and storage disks that are offered as provisioned services to consumers. The services at this layer support application infrastructure, regardless of whether a cloud and many more consumers provide that infrastructure. As with platform services, virtualization is an often used method to provide the on-demand rationing of the resources. Examples of infrastructure services include IBM BlueHouse, VMWare, Amazon EC2, Microsoft Azure Platform, and Sun ParaScale Cloud Storage.

Infrastructure services address the problem of properly equipping data centers by assuring computing power when needed. Additionally, virtualization techniques that are commonly employed in this layer bring about cost savings through the realization of efficient resource utilization.

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty

Figure 1-6. Key characteristics of cloud computing (1 of 2) WU9071.0

Notes:

On-demand self-service focuses on delivering IT services that are driven by user requests.

Users accessing services via Internet technologies expect a secure, “always-on” computing infrastructure that delivers as easily and reliably as electricity from a wall outlet, requiring a fundamental change in how services are delivered.


Key characteristics of cloud computing (1 of 2)

• On-demand self-service – Focuses on delivering IT services that are driven by user requests– No human interaction with the cloud provider – Cloud computing provides a means of delivering computing services that makes

the underlying technology, beyond the user device, almost invisible

• Ubiquitous network access – Focuses on delivering IT services anytime, anywhere, and through user-chosen

devices– Users accessing services via Internet technologies expect a secure, “always-on”

computing infrastructure that delivers as easily and reliably as electricity from a wall outlet

Student Notebook



Figure 1-7. Key characteristics of cloud computing (2 of 2) WU9071.0

Notes:

Another key characteristic is elasticity of resources. IT services are delivered through resource pools that can expand and contract based on the requirements of the underlying workload and the usage characteristics.

Flexible pricing models allow for subscription and usage-based pricing. Using the cloud, you can rent the hardware and software you need rather than purchasing them outright.

The quality of service when using clouds is negotiated and measured against service level agreements, or SLAs.


Key characteristics of cloud computing (2 of 2)

• Pool of virtualized resources– Focuses on delivering IT services through resource pools that can expand and

contract based on the requirements of the underlying workload and the usage characteristics

• Utility-based pricing– Focuses on delivering IT services that can be metered for usage and charged for

(if needed) through pricing models including subscription and usage pricing– Service level agreements (SLAs)

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty

Figure 1-8. Cloud computing characteristics WU9071.0

Notes:

The main benefits of cloud computing can be divided into five major categories: cost savings, agility, resiliency, elasticity, and security.

Cost SavingsThere is no argument: A cloud environment can reduce IT costs in the areas of capital investments on hardware, cost of server space, electricity, air-conditioning and cooling, maintenance and staff. But there are many other benefits.

AgilityEmbracing a cloud environment in terms of data backup and storage or software as a service allows employees to work from anywhere, on any device, and it provides a consistent user experience. Agility empowers an organization and enables it to access its data easier and make quicker business decisions.

ResiliencyBacking up your data in the cloud provides automatic redundancy that otherwise might be too costly and time-consuming to do in-house. The cloud provider is responsible for routine functions, adding an extra layer of backup.


Cloud computing characteristics

Cost savings

SecurityAgility

Elasticity

Resiliency

Student Notebook



ElasticityIn a cloud environment, an organization pays only for the storage it is using. The capacity can be throttled up or down depending on business needs. Further, the need for new resources is no longer a barrier to progress.

SecurityAs a result of recent high-profile hacking attacks, many organizations are still questioning data security in a cloud environment. However, some experts argue that cloud service providers actually provide higher levels of data protection, transfer, and storage than most IT departments can afford. Service providers are experts in authentication and authorization, protecting the data at rest and when in transit.

While these areas make it attractive for companies to embrace cloud computing, barriers remain. Organizations must be stringent in researching their cloud service providers to ensure that their security practices are equal, if not better, than their internal risk thresholds. Data transfer policy is the other area in which organizations must pay close attention. No company should sign with a provider that does not allow the quick and easy transfer of their data if they switch providers.

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty

Figure 1-9. Public clouds WU9071.0

Notes:

Often depicted as being available to users from a third-party provider, public clouds are typically made available via the Internet and are free or inexpensive. There are many examples of these types of clouds, providing services across open, public networks today. Examples of public clouds include Facebook, Google, Mapquest, Salesforce.com, and Rackspace.

Public clouds are one in which a third-party provider makes resources available, such as applications and other computing resources, to the general public via the Internet. A public cloud does not necessarily mean that it is free, although it can be free or inexpensive to use. It can be offered on a pay-per-usage model.

The cloud service provider is responsible for setting up the hardware, software, applications, and networking resources. Public clouds do not imply that the user’s data is public. In many cases, access control mechanisms are required before the user can use cloud resources.

Strong security controls are required for most cloud deployments. The organization that hosts the public cloud is likely to perform all of the required due diligence to ensure the


Public clouds

• Multi-tenant infrastructure• Anyone can use• Functions vary• Fee arrangements vary

Student Notebook



security of the user’s data. Using a public cloud as a data storage or disaster recovery solution can be a low-cost alternative to building your own. The cloud solution is a pay-per-usage basis, and the capital cost that is required to set up an in-house solution can be much higher. In this way, you are turning fixed costs into variable costs.

As an example, Google allows Google Apps users to upload and store files in Google Docs. This model is an inexpensive way for developers and users to use a cloud-based storage service to store and access their files. Users can access their data from a browser with any device. Access to the data is secured via password protection.

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty

Figure 1-10. Private clouds WU9071.0

Notes:

With a private cloud, computing resources are pooled and managed internally. This arrangement provides for greater efficiencies. Resources can be applied dynamically according to demand. A private cloud allows the enterprise to continue to follow workflow and security procedures, thus ensuring that the correct level of “code” is executed. These types of clouds are not burdened by network bandwidth and availability issues or potential security exposures that can be associated with public clouds. Private clouds can offer the provider and user greater control, security, and resilience.

The IBM Smart Business Development and Test Cloud is an example of a private cloud that can be installed on customer sites. This offering provides on-demand provisioning of physical and virtualized test resources; including IBM and non-IBM components such as operating systems, middleware, storage, network, images, and data. For details of this offering, visit: www.ibm.com/cloud

Security issues can drive how organizations deploy cloud infrastructures. Private clouds have less of a security threat than community clouds, which in turn have less security threat than public clouds. With private clouds, the owner has complete control of the


Private

Private clouds

Student Notebook



security mechanism and architecture. With other types of clouds, the organization may need to interface with other security implementations.

With a private cloud, computing power is spread across the enterprise. Departments are not limited to simply their own departmental resources, and they can use other department resources during periods of peak loads. Applications running on a private cloud are generally not required to deal with federated identity, location awareness, standards-based APIs, or common APIs for middleware. Running a private cloud still requires all of the governance and management that apply to IT. Requirements include an open client, security, metering and monitoring, and service level agreements.

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty

Figure 1-11. Hybrid clouds WU9071.0

Notes:

Hybrid clouds are combinations of public and private clouds that work together.

In this model, IT typically outsources non-critical information and processing to the public cloud, while keeping business critical services and data in their control.

The hybrid cloud environment works to seamlessly integrate external applications on other private and public clouds, with your in-house processes.

Instead of hosting all of your applications on your own private cloud, you can move some noncritical applications to an off-premises cloud hosted by a third-party provider that offers these back as a service. Or you can use alternative applications that are freely available in public clouds.

A single vendor hybrid cloud solution such as VMware vCloud lets you federate resources between internal and external clouds. This solution is advantageous since you do not need to interface with different vendor APIs.


Hybrid clouds

• Allows applications and data to flow across clouds• Requires interoperability, visibility, and management• Supports a flexible performance model

Data center

Public cloud

Public cloudPrivatecloud

Privatecloud

Privatecloud

Student Notebook



Figure 1-12. Community clouds WU9071.0

Notes:

A private cloud that is purchased by a single user to support a community of users, or a hybrid cloud, spreads the costs over a few users of the cloud. A community cloud is often set up as a sandbox environment where community users can test their applications, or access cloud resources.

This type of cloud infrastructure can be shared by several organizations that support a specific community, such as healthcare or local governments. The benefit of this approach is the ability to easily share a vast array of resources among the participating community. Building this type of infrastructure requires a huge investment in terms of expertise, computing resources, and support.

Some of the challenges include deciding who funds the capital costs to build the infrastructure, who is responsible for managing and maintaining the cloud, and legal compliance issues.


Community clouds

• Used and controlled by a group of organizationswith a shared interest

• Private cloud that is purchased by a single user to support a community of users

• Functions vary• Common functions

– Computer power– Storage– Elasticity– Community-wide sharing

of data and applications

Public cloud

Privatecloud

Privatecloud

Privatecloud

Privatecloud

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty 1.2. Cloud service delivery models

Student Notebook



Figure 1-13. Cloud service delivery models WU9071.0

Notes:


7.0

Cloud service delivery models

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty

Figure 1-14. Cloud entry points WU9071.0

Notes:

Across industries, common adoption patterns emerge for successfully beginning and progressing to cloud, correlating to specific business needs:

• Cut IT expense and complexity through a cloud enabled data center

• Accelerate time to market with cloud platform services

• Gain immediate access with business and IT as a service

• Innovate business models by becoming a cloud service provider

Underpinning these adoption patterns is a set of underlying requirements for service delivery and management that enable organizations to design, deploy, and consume cloud services.


Cloud entry points

Enable your data centerInfrastructure as a service (IaaS)

Leverage cloud platform servicesPlatform as a service (PaaS)

Become a cloud service providerCloud service provider

Use business solutions on cloudSoftware as a service (SaaS)

Student Notebook



Figure 1-15. Cloud service delivery models WU9071.0

Notes:

Application services are most familiar to everyday web users. The application services layer hosts applications that fit the SaaS model. These applications run in a cloud and are provided on demand as services to users. Sometimes the services are free and providers generate revenue from things like web ads, and other times application providers generate revenue directly from the usage of the service. Does these scenarios sound familiar? It probably does since almost everyone uses them. If you use a tax service to file taxes online, or use an email service to check your mail, then you are familiar with the top layer of the cloud. These types of applications are just a couple of examples. There are literally thousands of SaaS applications, and the number grows daily primarily because of Web 2.0 technologies.

There are many applications in the application services layer that are directed to the enterprise community. There are hosted software offerings available that handle payroll processing, human resource management, collaboration, customer relationship management, business partner relationship management, and more. Examples of these offerings include IBM LotusLive, IBM Lotus Sametime, Unyte, Salesforce.com, Sugar CRM, and WebEx.


Cloud service delivery models

Software as a service (SaaS)Use of software or applications that are delivered via a network

Platform as a service (PaaS)The middleware platform and solution

stack are accessible on the cloud

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)Servers, storage, and networking

resources are provisioned on the cloud

Database as a service (DBaaS)The database platform is managed and

hosted on the cloud

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty Database as a service (DBaaS) can be considered a realm within SaaS. It is the delivery of database software and its related physical database storage as a service. Database as a service architectures support the following capabilities:

• Consumer-based provisioning and management of database instances using on-demand, self-service mechanisms

• Automated monitoring of and compliance with provider-defined service definitions, attributes, and quality of service levels

• Metering of database usage enabling show-back reporting or charge-back functionality for each individual consumer

Platform services (PaaS) is the layer in which application infrastructure emerges as a set of services. These services include but are not limited to middleware as a service, messaging as a service, integration as a service, information as a service, and connectivity as a service. The services here are intended to support applications. These applications might be running in the cloud, and they might be running in a more traditional enterprise data center. To achieve the scalability that is required within a cloud, the different services that are offered here are often virtualized.

Making up the bottom layer of the cloud is the infrastructure services layer (IaaS). In this layer are a set of physical assets such as servers, network devices, and storage disks that are offered as provisioned services to consumers. The services at this layer support application infrastructure, regardless of whether a cloud and many more consumers provide that infrastructure. As with platform services, virtualization is an often used method to provide the on-demand rationing of the resources.

Student Notebook



Figure 1-16. Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) WU9071.0

Notes:

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) is a way of delivering cloud-computing infrastructure, including servers, storage, network, and operating systems, as an on-demand service. Rather than purchasing servers, software, data center space, or network equipment, clients instead buy those resources as a fully outsourced service on demand.

Infrastructure services are built on top of a standardized, secure, and scalable infrastructure. Some level of redundancy needs to be built into the infrastructure to ensure the high availability and elasticity of resources. It also must be virtualized. Virtualized environments use server virtualization, typically from VMware and others, as the basis of running services. Software automation is used to provision and de-provision these services.


Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)

• An infrastructure provider makes an entire computing infrastructure available “as a service”

• Infrastructure providers manage a large pool of computing resources and use virtualization to assign and dynamically resize the resources that are required by customers

• Customers rent processing capacity, memory, data storage, and networking resources that are provisioned over a network

• Virtual system patterns fit into this service modelIaaS

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty

Figure 1-17. Infrastructure as a service (details) WU9071.0

Notes:

An infrastructure provider makes an entire computing infrastructure available ‘as a service’. The infrastructure provider uses the cloud to outsource the provisioning of the computing infrastructure that is required to host services. Rather than purchasing servers, data storage, and networking equipment, customers use these resources that are provisioned over a network. The ability to support an IaaS architecture is through a combination of some of the special characteristics of cloud computing. They include:

• Dynamic provisioning

• Fine-grained measurement and metering

• Virtualization

• Broadband access

• Flexible billing


Infrastructure as a service (details)

Servers Storage Networks

Virtualized infrastructure –Server, storage, network, and facilities

Infrastructure for hosting cloud services and dynamic provisioning

Student Notebook



Figure 1-18. Platform as a service (PaaS) WU9071.0

Notes:

Platform as a service (PaaS) can be defined as a computing platform that allows the creation of web applications quickly and easily and without the complexity of buying and maintaining the software and infrastructure underneath it. PaaS is analogous to SaaS except that PaaS, rather than being software delivered over the web, is a platform for the creation of software that is delivered over the web.


Platform as a service (PaaS)

• Service provider (SP) supplies the software platform or middleware where the applications run

• Service user is responsible for the creation, updating, and maintenance of the application

• The sizing of the hardware that is required for the execution of the software is made in a transparent manner

• Virtual application patterns fit into this service model

PaaS

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty

Figure 1-19. Platform as a service (details) WU9071.0

Notes:

Under the PaaS model, a service provider supplies the software platform or middleware on which applications run. The user of the service is responsible for the creation, updating, and maintenance of the application.

PaaS, which is similar in many ways to IaaS, is differentiated from IaaS by the addition of value added services and comes in two distinct varieties:

• A collaborative platform for software development, focused on workflow management regardless of the data source that is used for the application.

• A platform that allows for the creation of software that uses proprietary data from an application. This PaaS solution can be seen as a method to create applications with a common data form or type.


Platform as a service (details)

DatabaseApplication

server

Java run time Web 2.0run time

BusinessProcess

management

Messaging

Student Notebook



Figure 1-20. Platform as a service (PaaS) patterns WU9071.0

Notes:

Patterns are reusable elements that solve recurring business problems. A design pattern can be described as “a named description of a proven design solution to a recurring problem, within a specific context”. Pattern-based middleware is a grouping of middleware products and run times. Pattern-based middleware is automatically assembled into dynamic middleware services.


Platform as a service (PaaS) patterns

• Patterns are reusable elements that solve recurring business problems• Pattern-based middleware is optimized for automatically assembling

software components into dynamic middleware services

Middleware services

Messaging Application server

Analytics

Database

Business process management

Web 2.0 runtime Java runtime

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty

Figure 1-21. Examples of PaaS software WU9071.0

Notes:

IBM delivers several products in the WebSphere brand as PaaS middleware-aware topology patterns.


Examples of PaaS software

• WebSphere software– Configured middleware

topology– Clusters, high

availability, extreme scale

Internet

HTTPserver

Plug-in

ClusterMember1

Webcontainer

EJBcontainer

HTTPserver

Plug-in

ClusterMember2

Webcontainer

EJBcontainer

WAS 2Proxy 3…

Proxy 1Client IP

…

WAS 1Server

Load balancer

WAS – WebSphere Application Server

Student Notebook



Figure 1-22. Software as a service (SaaS) WU9071.0

Notes:

SaaS is software delivery method that provides access to software its functions remotely as a web-based service. Software as a service allows organizations to access business functionality at a cost typically less than paying for licensed applications. SaaS pricing is often based on a monthly fee. Since software is hosted remotely, organizations do not need to invest in more hardware. Software as a Service removes the need for organizations to handle the installation, set-up, and maintenance.

Under the SaaS model, the software provider is responsible for the creation, updating, and maintenance of software, including the responsibility for licensing the software. Customers usually rent the software on a per usage basis, or buy a subscription to access it, which includes a separate license for each person that uses the software.

In this model, the service user needs only to access the service itself, and not the platform or the infrastructure the service is running on. The service is usually accessed as a web application or as a wrapped web services application invoked using web services APIs.


Software as a service (SaaS)

• The service provider is responsible for the creation, updating, and maintenance of software and applications

• Service user accesses the service through Internet-based interfaces

• Examples include:– Salesforce.com– NetSuite– Gmail

SaaS

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty

Figure 1-23. Software as a service (details) WU9071.0

Notes:

In this model, the service user needs only to access the service itself, and not the platform or the infrastructure the service is running on. The service is accessed as a web application or as an encapsulated web services application.


Software as a service (details)

Collaboration

AnalyticsBusinessprocesses

Industryapplications

Enterpriseapplications

Student Notebook



Figure 1-24. Database as a service (DBaaS) WU9071.0

Notes:

DbaaS can be considered a focused realm within the greater field of SaaS. It is the delivery of database software and related physical database storage as a service. A simple definition of DBaaS is that it is a managed service that provides on-demand access to a database for the storage of application data.


Database as a service (DBaaS)

Current view of DB2 databases• Database sizes range from 0 MB to 500 GB• 80% of DB2 databases are less than 250 GB

Goals of DBaaS1. Simplify deployment

• Agile deployment with self service front end• Hibernate and wakeup

2. Industrialization of database hosting• Automated operations• Standards• isolation

3. Improve speed of adoption• Simplify the effort to “put up” a new database

500 GB

Expected DB Size Range

250 GB0 MB

•80% by frequency•30-GB average size

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty

Figure 1-25. Database as a service (DBaaS) patterns WU9071.0

Notes:

In most real world usage scenarios, databases are managed independent of any one application. To more closely model this paradigm, database patterns were introduced. You can create, delete, update, backup, and restore database pattern-based databases. These management activities are independent of your virtual application. Deleting your virtual application has no effect on the deployed database or database pattern.

This slide illustrates that an existing database can be included as part of the virtual application pattern. This scenario is considered a ‘remote database component’. It can be created as a database instance, as shown in the circle that is labeled as ‘database pattern’, or it can be an already existing remote database that was created outside of the DBaaS environment. It is also possible to deploy a database pattern as part of the virtual application. Instead of including an ‘existing database’ in the virtual pattern, a database component that becomes a pattern-deployed database service can also be included. In pattern-deployed database service, the database is deployed as part of the virtual application so when the virtual application is deleted, the database would be deleted as well.


Database patterns

Database as a service (DBaaS) patterns

DB2

Database patternVirtual application pattern

Application

QoS policy

Existing user registry Existing database

Existing database

• Database patterns are created and managed independent of any virtualpattern

• A database pattern can also bedeployed as part of a virtual application

Student Notebook



Figure 1-26. Trade-off: cost to install versus flexibility WU9071.0

Notes:

This diagram shows the trade-off between cost and savings in using standardized services (on the lower right) and the higher cost (although greater flexibility) of building your own custom environment (upper left of the diagram).


Trade-off: cost to install versus flexibility

High

Low

Flexibility

Native install

Server virtualization (IaaS)

Application patterns

SaaS

PaaS

Middleware-aware topology patterns

LowHigh

Cost

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty 1.3. IBM cloud-computing offerings

Student Notebook



Figure 1-27. IBM cloud-computing offerings WU9071.0

Notes:


7.0

IBM cloud-computingofferings

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty

Figure 1-28. IBM SmartCloud Portfolio - overview WU9071.0

Notes:

IBM SmartCloud is a branded collection of cloud-computing products and solutions from IBM. It makes up an increasingly large share of IBM cloud-computing offerings. IBM SmartCloud includes infrastructure as a service, software as a service and platform as a service offered through public, private, and hybrid cloud delivery models. IBM places these offerings under three umbrellas: SmartCloud Foundation, SmartCloud Services, and SmartCloud Solutions.

• SmartCloud Foundation is the integrated set of cloud enablement technologies for private and hybrid Clouds. These technologies are used to build private clouds.

• SmartCloud Enterprise is an IBM enterprise-class public cloud infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS). It delivers secure and scalable hosted IT infrastructure with on-demand access to virtual server and storage resources. It is suited for development and test activities, as well as other dynamic workloads. Powered by six state-of-the-art green IBM data centers, SmartCloud Enterprise availability includes industry-leading IBM service-level agreements of 99.9%.


IBM SmartCloud Portfolio - overview

SmartCloud Foundation

SmartCloud Application Development Services

• Capabilities are built upon a common platform, with a commitment to open standards.

Software as a service

Platform as a service

Infrastructureas a service

Design Deploy Consume

SmartCloud Enterprise +

SmartCloud Application Services

Cloud business solutions

Managed cloud services

Managed cloud servicesPrivate clouds

Student Notebook



• SmartCloud Enterprise + is a fully managed, security-rich, and production-ready cloud environment that is designed to ensure enterprise-class performance and availability. SCE+ offers complete governance, administration, and management control along with service-level agreements (SLAs) to align to the specific business and usage requirements of the enterprise. Multiple security and isolation options that are built into the virtual infrastructure and network keep this cloud separate from other cloud environments.

• SmartCloud Application Services is the IBM cloud platform that is designed for enterprise-class service delivery with PaaS/IaaS managed services. IBM SmartCloud service delivery platform is built upon the same SmartCloud Foundation technologies that IBM clients are using.

• SmartCloud Application Development Services include a growing list of IBM business and industry solutions on the cloud that are offered as SaaS. Capabilities of SmartCloud Solutions, all delivered through SaaS, include:

- Collaboration

- B2B Integration

- Digital Marketing Optimization

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty

Figure 1-29. IBM SmartCloud Portfolio - details WU9071.0

Notes:

This picture shows three groupings in the SmartCloud portfolio of products.

IBM SmartCloud Foundation is a set of technologies that enables organizations to build and rapidly scale private and hybrid clouds with unparalleled time to market, integration, and management. Together these technologies can help build a fully functional cloud management system that aids business transformation and new service delivery. Individually, these technologies can help nearly any cloud project make quick and incremental progress towards a longer term cloud strategy.

IBM SmartCloud Services includes SmartCloud Application Services, SmartCloud Enterprise, and SmartCloud Enterprise +. This combination of infrastructure and platform services allows clients to develop, test, and deploy either "born on the cloud" ("cloud-centric") applications, or legacy ("cloud-enabled") applications. In addition to speeding application development, SmartCloud Application Services also helps bridge the gap between development and operations processes. Collaborative tools support this agile service delivery approach, drastically accelerating application deployment.


IBM SmartCloud Portfolio - details

IaaS

PaaS

SaaS

IBM SmartCloud Foundation Private and hybrid clouds

Applicationlifecycle

IBM SmartCloud SolutionsSoftware as a service

IaaS technologies Enterprise Enterprise +

IBM SmartCloud ServicesInfrastructure and platform as a service

Applicationresources

Applicationenvironments

Business Analyticsand optimization Social business

Smarter commerce Smarter Cities

Applicationmanagement Integration





Infrastructureplatform

Availability and performance

Security and compliance

Managementand administration

Usage andaccounting





Usage andaccounting

PaaS technologies Application services

Student Notebook



IBM SmartCloud Solutions includes IBM SmartCloud Application Development Services which is an offering from IBM Global Business Services® offers a targeted portfolio that covers the full cloud application project lifecycle, from implementation planning to design, development, and deployment. With the ability to complement your own development expertise or provide turnkey applications and infrastructure, IBM can help you take advantage of the cloud model quickly and cost-effectively.

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty

Figure 1-30. IBM SmartCloud Foundation - PaaS WU9071.0

Notes:

IBM SmartCloud Foundation provides set of technologies that serve as the underpinnings of cloud computing. SmartCloud Foundation is divided into IaaS and PaaS offerings that consist of the infrastructure, hardware, provisioning, management, integration, and security that serve as the underpinnings of a private or hybrid cloud. SmartCloud Foundation PaaS offerings include:

• IBM PureApplication System

• IBM PureData System for Transactions

• IBM PureData System for Analytics

• IBM PureData System for Operational Analytics

• IBM Workload Deployer

• IBM middleware patterns

• Hypervisor Edition portfolio

• IBM SmartCloud Workload Automation


IBM SmartCloud Foundation - PaaS



IaaS technologies








Usage andaccounting

PaaS technologiesWorkload Deployment and Automation•IBM Workload Deployer•IBM Middleware Patterns

•IBM Web Application Pattern•BPM Pattern•WebSphere Virtual Enterprise•SOA Policy Pattern

•Hypervisor Edition Portfolio…and more offerings

Integrated Systems•IBM PureApplication System•IBM PureData Systems for Transactions

…and more offerings

Application Integration•WebSphere Cast Iron Cloud Integration

Integrated Development, Test, and Operations•IBM Rational Performance Tester•IBM Rational Automation Framework•IBM SmartCloud Continuous Delivery

Student Notebook



• IBM Rational Performance Tester

• IBM Rational Automation Framework

• IBM SmartCloud Continuous Delivery

• WebSphere Cast Iron Cloud Integration

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty

Figure 1-31. IBM SmartCloud Foundation - IaaS WU9071.0

Notes:

IBM SmartCloud Foundation provides set of technologies that serve as the underpinnings of cloud computing. SmartCloud Foundation is divided into IaaS and PaaS offerings that consist of the infrastructure, hardware, provisioning, management, integration, and security that serve as the underpinnings of a private or hybrid cloud. SmartCloud Foundation IaaS offerings include:

Service Provider Solutions:

• IBM Cloud Service Provider Platform

• IBM Cloud Service Accelerator Program

Integrated systems:

• IBM PureFlex System

Private cloud management solutions:

• IBM SmartCloud Entry

• IBM SmartCloud Provisioning


IBM SmartCloud Foundation - IaaS



IaaS technologies








Usage andaccounting

PaaS technologies

Service Provider SolutionsIBM Cloud Service Provider PlatformIBM Cloud Service Accelerator Program

Integrated SystemsIBM PureFlex System

Private Cloud Management Solutions•IBM SmartCloud Entry•IBM SmartCloud Provisioning•IBM Service Delivery Manager (ISDM)•IBM SmartCloud Monitoring•IBM SmartCloud Storage Center•IBM SmartCloud Application Performance Management

•IBM Endpoint Manager Solutions

Infrastructure Systems and StorageIBM iDataplexIBM System zIBM Storwize V7000 Unified…and more offerings

Integrated SystemsIBM Systems DirectorTivoli Storage Manager for Virtual EnvironmentsIBM SmartCloud Control DeskService Provider Solutions

IBM Cloud Service Provider PlatformIBM Cloud Service Accelerator Program

Integrated SystemsIBM PureFlex System

Integrated Systems•IBM Systems Director•Tivoli Storage Manager for Virtual Environments

•IBM SmartCloud Control DeskService Provider Solutions•IBM Cloud Service Provider Platform•IBM Cloud Service Accelerator Program

Integrated Systems•IBM PureFlex System

Infrastructure Systems and Storage•IBM iDataplex•IBM System z•IBM Storwize V7000 Unified…and more offerings

Student Notebook



• IBM SmartCloud Virtual Storage Center

• IBM SmartCloud Cost Management

• IBM SmartCloud Monitoring

• IBM SmartCloud Application Performance Management

Infrastructure management solutions:

• IBM Solution Edition for Cloud Computing (System z)

• IBM Security Virtual Server Protection for VMware

• IBM Systems Director

• Tivoli Storage Manager for Virtual Environments

• IBM SmartCloud Control Desk

Infrastructure systems and storage:

• IBM iDataplex

• IBM System x with ex5 technology

• IBM Power Systems with POWER7

• IBM Storwize V7000 Unified

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty

Figure 1-32. IBM SmartCloud Services - IaaS and PaaS WU9071.0

Notes:

SmartCloud Enterprise + is a fully managed, highly secure IaaS optimized for running production workloads (like SAP) in the cloud. SmartCloud Enterprise+ offers SLAs up to 99.9% and many advantages of a private cloud, such as choice of dedicated servers and storage, while providing flexible scaling and beneficial cloud economics.

SmartCloud Enterprise+ is secured with multiple levels of isolation, fully managed 24/7 by IBM experts, and optimized for running business-critical production workloads in the cloud. Enterprise IT teams use it to manage and optimize virtualized environments and to extend their IT infrastructures to reach new opportunities in mobile, big data and analytics.


IBM SmartCloud Services – IaaS and PaaS

Enterprise Enterprise +

IBM SmartCloud ServicesInfrastructure and platform as a service






Usage andaccounting

Application servicesApplication

lifecycle



Managed Services•IBM SmartCloud Control Desk•IBM Rational AppScan OnDemand•IBM Managed Security Services

Infrastructure Cloud Services•IBM SmartCloud Enterprise•IBM SmartCloud Enterprise +•IBM SmartCloud for Government (US)

SmartCloud Resilience Services•IBM SmartCloud Managed Backup•IBM SmartCloud Archive•IBM SmartCloud Virtualized ServerRecovery

Platform services•IBM SmartCloud Application Services•IBM Cast Iron Live

Managed Services on SCE+•IBM SmartCloud for SAP Applications

SCE – SmartCloud Enterprise

Student Notebook



Figure 1-33. IBM SmartCloud Solutions - SaaS WU9071.0

Notes:

Running on this cloud platform and infrastructure, SmartCloud Solutions consist of a number of collaboration, analytics, and marketing SaaS applications. Solution offerings include:

• Business Analytics and optimization allows your business to gain visibility into your business performance with cloud-based software that delivers actionable insights.

• Smarter commerce recognizes that the sale is just one aspect of the experience. Smarter commerce turns customer insight into action, enabling new business processes that help companies buy, market, sell, and service their products and services.

• Social business offers mobile and desktop access to business-grade file sharing, communities, web meetings, instant messaging, mail, and calendar in a cloud-computing environment.

• Smarter Cities synchronizes and analyzes data in a cloud-based environment to enable city decision makers to anticipate, respond, and manage city operations.


IBM SmartCloud Solutions - SaaS

Smarter Commerce•Enterprise Marketing Management•B2B•Commerce•DemandTec•Emptoris

Business Analytics and Optimization•IBM SPSS Data Collection•IBM Cognos Business Intelligence•IBM BAO Strategic IP Insight Platform… and more offerings

1

Social Business•IBM SmartCloud for Social Business•IBM BlueWorksLive… and other offerings

3

2

IBM SmartCloud SolutionsSoftware as a service

Business analyticsand optimization Social business

Smarter commerce Smarter Cities

1

2

3

4

Smarter Cities•IBM Intelligent Operations Center for Cloud•IBM Intelligent Transportation on IBM SmartCloud•IBM Intelligent Water on IBM SmartCloud

4

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty

Figure 1-34. IBM Workload Deployer WU9071.0

Notes:

IBM Workload Deployer, is a full-stack elastic application platform. It is a secure hardware appliance that provides Platform-as-a-Service offering in a private cloud. With virtualization, standardization and automation, Workload Deployer delivers value by lowering costs and increasing business agility as higher hardware utilization rates are reached in virtualized environments. The most universally realized value is consistency which results in reduced time to market.

Workload Deployer allows application middleware environments to be configured one time, and then cataloged into a list of ready-to-run certified environments. It allows increased repeatability and reduction of costly errors by allowing you to customize environments one time, capture them, and redeploy them easily. This catalog can then be shared across teams to help guarantee that each time a particular environment is dispensed; it is identical. Virtual applications and Virtual Systems allows the flexibility to choose between deep automation and control.


IBM Workload Deployer

• Rapidly provision virtual systems and applications into your private cloud – Hypervisors– Network– Storage

• IBM Workload Deployer supports deploymentsto:– VMware ESX (Linux)– PowerVM (AIX)– z/VM (Linux on System z)

Student Notebook



Figure 1-35. IBM PureFlex WU9071.0

Notes:

IBM PureFlex System is a comprehensive infrastructure system that provides an expert integrated computing system. It combines servers, enterprise storage, networking, virtualization, and management into a single structure. Its built-in expertise enables organizations to manage and flexibly deploy integrated patterns of virtual and hardware resources through unified management. These systems are ideally suited for customers who want a system that delivers the simplicity of an integrated solution while still able to tune middleware and the runtime environment.

IBM PureFlex System uses workload placement that is based on virtual machine compatibility and resource availability. Using built-in virtualization across servers, storage, and networking, the infrastructure system enables automated scaling of resources and true workload mobility.

IBM PureFlex System underwent significant testing and experimentation so that it can mitigate IT complexity without compromising the flexibility to tune systems to the businesses demand of the task. By providing both flexibility and simplicity, IBM PureFlex System can provide extraordinary levels of IT control, efficiency, and operating agility. This


IBM PureFlex

• Pre-configured, pre-integrated infrastructure systems with compute, storage, networking, physical and virtual management, and entry cloud management with integrated expertise.

• IBM PureFlex system building blocks include:– Chassis– Compute node– Storage node– Management appliance– Networking– Expansion

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty combination enables businesses to rapidly deploy IT services at a reduced cost. Moreover, the system is built on decades of expertise. This expertise enables deep integration and central management of the comprehensive, open-choice infrastructure system. It also dramatically cuts down on the skills and training that is required for managing and deploying the system.

IBM PureFlex System combines advanced IBM hardware and software along with patterns of expertise. It integrates them into three optimized configurations that are simple to acquire and deploy so you get fast time to value.

The PureFlex System has the following configurations:

• IBM PureFlex System Express, which is designed for small and medium businesses and is the most affordable entry point for PureFlex System.

• IBM PureFlex System Standard, which is optimized for application servers with supporting storage and networking, and is designed to support your key ISV solutions.

• IBM PureFlex System Enterprise, which is optimized for transactional and database systems. It has built-in redundancy for highly reliable and resilient operation to support your most critical workloads.

Student Notebook



Figure 1-36. IBM PureApplication WU9071.0

Notes:

IBM PureApplication System is a platform system that pre-integrates a full application platform of middleware and expertise in with the IBM PureFlex System with a single management console. It is a workload-aware, flexible platform that is designed for easy deployment, customization, safeguarding, and management in a traditional or private cloud environment. This design provides superior IT economics.

IBM PureApplication System is available in four configurations. These configuration options enable you to choose the size and compute power that meets your needs for application infrastructure. You can upgrade to the next size when your organization requires more capacity, and in most cases, you can do so without taking an application downtime.

With the IBM PureApplication System, you can provision your own patterns of software, middleware, and virtual system resources. You can provision these patterns within a unique framework. IT recommendations and industry standards shape the framework. These standards are culled from many years of IBM experience with clients and from a deep understanding of smarter computing. These IT recommendations and standards are infused throughout the system.


IBM PureApplication

• IBM also offers PureApplication to simplify the management and provisioning of applications that run on PureFlex hardware.

• PureApplication delivers value:– Faster time to value with full infrastructure

stack. Operational in hours not months.– Automated workload scalability with built-in

workload elasticity.– Integrated services and software management.– Simplified acquisition and support with full, pre-

integrated software and hardware.– Easier integration into a current environment

that uses open standards computing.

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty IBM PureApplication System provides the following benefits:

• IBM builds expertise into pre-integrated deployment patterns, which can speed the development and delivery of new services.

• By automating key processes, such as application deployment, PureApplication System built-in expertise capabilities can reduce the cost and time that is required to manage an infrastructure.

• Built-in application optimization expertise reduces the number of unplanned outages through recommendations and automation of the manual processes identified as sources of those outages.

• Administrators can use built-in application elasticity to scale up or to scale down automatically. Systems can use data replication to increase availability.

Student Notebook



Figure 1-37. Checkpoint WU9071.0

Notes:


Checkpoint

1. True or false: Compared to SaaS and Paas, IaaS offers the lowest cost, but also the lowest flexibility.

2. True or false: Using a prebuilt SaaS component gives you the most flexibility in tailoring the software.

3. Match the following descriptions with the best definition:

C. Infrastructure as a service

3) Service provider is responsible for the creation and maintenance of the application

DefinitionDescription

B. Software as a service

2) An entire computing environment is made available as a service

A. Platform as a service1) Service provider supplies the software or middleware where the applications run on

Student Notebook



V8.0

Uempty

Figure 1-38. Checkpoint answers WU9071.0

Notes:


Checkpoint answers

1. True or false: Compared to SaaS and Paas, IaaS offers the lowest cost, but the also the lowest flexibility.Correct answer: False. IaaS offers the most flexibility, but the highest cost.

2. True or false: Using a prebuilt SaaS component gives you the most flexibility intailoring the software.Correct answer: False.

3. Match the following descriptions with the best definition:

B. Software as a service

3) Service provider is responsible for the creation and maintenance of the application

DefinitionDescription

C. Infrastructure as a service

2) An entire computing environment is made available as a service

A. Platform as a service1) Service provider supplies the software or middleware where the applications run on

Student Notebook



Figure 1-39. Unit summary WU9071.0

Notes:


Unit summary

Having completed this unit, you should be able to:• Describe the key characteristics of cloud-computing• Describe the features of private, public, hybrid, and community clouds• List and describe the benefits of implementing a cloud-computing

service delivery model• Explain the difference between the four cloud service delivery models

(PaaS, SaaS, DBaaS, and IaaS)• Identify IBM cloud-computing offerings in each cloud layer• Identify and differentiate between each SmartCloud offering• Compare and contrast WorkLoad Deployer, PureFlex, and

PureApplication

uempty unit 1. cloud overview - ibm.com€¦• identify ibm cloud-computing offerings in each cloud...

Documents