Uganda’s National Resilience Strategies To Climate

Change -MUK

SEMAMBO MUHAMMAD

Climate Change Officer –Adaptation

MINISTRY OF WATER AND

ENVIRONMENT

Department of Climate Change

9/19/2014 1

Introduction

Preamble

1. Uganda National Climate Change Policy

2. Vision 2040 and NDP1 and 11

3. National CC Mainstreaming Guidelines

4. National Adaptation Program of Actions(NAPA) and

experiences learnt in implementation

5. Other National CC Resilience Strategies/Programs

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Preamble • Uganda’s economy, livelihoods and social wellbeing are highly vulnerable to

climate variability and this needs urgent attention. Climate change impacts

are already being observed, signaling an urgent need for response measures

that minimize current vulnerabilities.

• For the poor and other vulnerable communities, these measures should be

based on their livelihoods.

• By understanding the dynamics of poor people's livelihoods, one can begin

to understand;

1. how they will be affected by climate change,

2. how they might respond with the resources they have, and

3. how these conditions can be reflected and built upon for successful

adaptation strategies.

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Introduction cont….

Understanding Resilience of a country

• Institutional set up and Coordination

mechanism

• Resources-human and financial

• Policy framework

• Awareness raising

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Introduction cont…

• The UNFCCC commits all parties to which Uganda is a signatory to

integrate climate change in their respective development planning.

• By signing the Convention and the Kyoto Protocol, Uganda is obliged

to integrate climate change within its development planning.

• It is within this context that the Government of Uganda develop

National Climate Change Policy (NCCP) and its costed

Implementation Strategy.

• The policy provides guidance and directions in addressing the

problem of climate change while enabling the country to adapt and

mitigate the effects of climate change.

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1. The National climate change policy (NCCP)

The Goal

To ensure a harmonised and coordinated approach towards a climate-

resilient and low-carbon development path for sustainable development

in Uganda.

The Main Objective

To ensure that all stakeholders address climate change impacts and their

causes through appropriate measures, while promoting sustainable

development and a green economy.

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Priority concerns: adaptation; mitigation; and research and observation. Top

priority is adaptation like in the EAC Regional Policy.

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Agriculture and Livestock,

Water, Fisheries and

Aquaculture, Transport and

Works, Forestry, Wetlands,

Biodiversity and Ecosystem

Services, Health, Energy,

Wildlife and Tourism, Human

Settlements and Social

Infrastructure, Disaster Risk

Management, Crosscutting

Priorities

Priorities Adaptation

LULUCF (Land Use, Land-

Use Change and Forestry),

Wetlands, Agriculture, Energy

Generation, Energy

Utilisation, Transport, Waste

Management, Industrial

Sector

Priorities Mitigation

Some sectors covered under both sub-sections as relevant.

Agriculture and Livestock strategic intervention

8 strategic interventions identified

1. Promote and encourage highly adaptive and productive crop

varieties and cultivars in drought-prone, flood-prone and rain-fed

crop farming systems

2. Promote and encourage highly adaptive and productive livestock

breeds

3. Promote and encourage conservation agriculture and ecologically

compatible cropping systems to increase resilience to the impacts

of climate change.

4. Promote irrigated agriculture by encouraging irrigation systems

that use water sustainably

• Etc

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Water strategic intervention

1. Promote and encourage water harvesting and efficient water utilization among

individuals, households, institutions and sectors.

2. Ensure availability of water for production in water dependent sectors in order

to increase their resilience to climate change impacts.

3. Promote and strengthen the conservation and protection against degradation

of watersheds, water catchment areas, river banks and water bodies.

4. Promote Integrated Water Resources Management (including underground

water resources), including contingency planning for extreme events such as

floods and drought.

5. Strengthen water resource monitoring networks and flood warning systems. etc

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Other policy climate change resilient strategic intervention

• Forestry strategic intervention

• Fisheries and Aquaculture strategic intervention

• Biodiversity and ecosystem services

• Energy strategic intervention

• health

• Vulnerable group

• Disaster risk reduction and management

• Wetlands

• Wildlife etc

Other national resilient strategies include;

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2. Vision 2040 and NDP1 and 11 under review

• Uganda's vision 2040 and the NDP11 under review all are

strategically integrated with climate change adaptation and

mitigation.

• NDP1 and 11 demands all sectors to mainstream climate

change into their budgets,, strategies, plans, projects and

programmes.

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MAINSTREAMING CLIMATE CHANGE (Overview of planning & budgeting tools to in

mainstreaming

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Long-term planning and expenditure

forecasting at Central Government

level

Development Plans

Medium-term planning and

expenditure forecasting at Central

Government level

Expenditure Allocation

frameworks and Budgets

Medium-term planning and

expenditure forecasting at Central

Government level and sector level

Short-term to medium-term planning

at Local Government level

Vision 2040 LTEF

NDP

Sector Plans

DDPs

MTEF

SBFPs

LGBFPs and

AWPs

National level

Sector 1

Sector 2

Sector 3

Biophysical

impacts

Socio-

economic

impacts

Sector

coordination

Allocation of

resources

across sectors

More:

Integrated

Effective

Efficient

sustainablere

sponses

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3. The National Climate Change Mainstreaming Guidelines

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Step 1: Conduct Climate

Change Impact and

Vulnerability Assessment

Step 2: Identify and

Analyse Adaptation and

Mitigation Options

Step 3: Identify and cost

Programmes and actions

for climate interventions

Step 6: Evaluate

performance and Review the

Adaptation and Mitigation

Step 5: Monitor the

CCAM Implementation

Process

Step 4: Design and Implement a

plan for mainstreaming Climate

change in the different sectors

Climate Change

Mainstreamed

plans and

Budgets

Basic Steps and tools in the process of Climate Change

Mainstreaming in Sector Plans and Budgets

4. NAPA Priority Intervention

1. Community Tree Growing Project

2. Land Degradation Management Project

3. Strengthening Meteorological Services

4. Community Water and Sanitation Project

5. Water for Production Project

6. Drought Adaptation Project

7. Vectors, Pests and Disease Control Project

8. Indigenous Knowledge (IK) and Natural Resources Management

Project

9. Climate Change and Development Planning Project

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The 4 NAPA Pilot Projects

• 4 concluded pilot projects have been running in 4 districts

• The objective of the pilot projects was to

build resilient communities to adverse impacts of climate change

• Three ecosystems were piloted using

programmatic/integrated approach based at the grass-root

community

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Four NAPA Pilot Projects cont…

• Highland Ecosystem- Implemented in Bundibugyo District by

Bundibugyo DLG and supported by ACCRA in Harugare Sub

County

• Lowland Ecosystem- Implemented in pallisa district by Development

Network of Indigenous Voluntary Associations (DENIVA) in

Gogonyo Sub County

• Semi-arid Ecosystem- Implemented in Apac District by Agency for

Sustainable Development Initiative (ASDI) in Akokoro Sub County

and in Nakasongola District by Nakasongola DLG in Ndaiga,

Lwabiyata Sub-county & Kyangogolo -Nabiswera Sub-county)

• Aquatic ecosystem –Noted piloted

• Lake Victoria Basin ecosystem-Noted piloted

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Best practices under NAPA

Nakasongola District- Semi-arid Ecosystem

(prone to high temperatures, drought, crop failure, water shortages etc )

Excavation of Valley Dam NAPA

support (120 ft – lengthen, 70ft-

width and 10ft height ) in

Kyangogolo

For livestock, domestic and

irrigation use.

Intervention Key benefit

Reduced distance travelled for

water for both domestic and

livestock.

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Income Generating Activities

(IGAs) Procurement &Installation of a 1 acre

drip Irrigation System

Key intervention benefit

• Drip irrigation is weather/season free i.e.

facilitates production throughout the year.

• strengthened food security

• Improved household income

Drip- Irrigation

Piggery

Bean -production

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Best practices cont…..

Pallisa District, Lowland ecosystem (prone to prolonged dry spell, water shortage, food and

fodder scarcity etc )

A shallow well – constructed by NAPA

beneficiary after field visit exposure

Easy accessibility to water by all community.

Cost shared NAPA water tank.

Micro village (neighborhood use)

Water use in dry spell

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Lab Lab-Animal fodder

Energy efficient cook stove

The animal fodder promotes pasture safety

most especially during the dry spells

Energy efficient cook stove reduce biomass

energy demand, distance travel for collection

and frequency most especially for women and

child

Deforestation rates are also progressively

reducing mostly those directed for firewood

needs

Napier-Animal fodder

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Pallisa NAPA interventions cont.

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Apac district: semi arid ecosystem like Nakasongola the district experiences (prolonged

dry spell, poor sanitation in the fishing landing sites, lots of deforestation etc. )

NAPA Project Nursery-Akokoro S/C - Apac District

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Bundibugyo District: Highland ecosystem (charactised with increasing population growth

rates, heavy rains, increasing deforestation rates, landslides in hill areas and flooding

of the lowlands )

Fallow ditches- soil

and water

conservation control

measures in hilly

areas of where

NAPA is practiced in

Harugare Sub

County

Dug by NAPA

community groups at

an individual farm

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Arabic coffee seedlings

Pinus Patula

Calliandra

Arabic coffee and pinus seedlings are to

improve Hhs incomes, calliandra is animal

fodder

Woodlots are established along hill slopes for

strengthening the catchment and stabilizing

soils from mass movement

Other species planted are eucalyptus, grevellia

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Lessons Learnt from NAPA Pilot Projects

• Community Involvement

– Community procurement saves time , money and increases transparency and ownership( case of Nakasongola )

– Communities are capable of managing funds and their development process, ( case of Nakasongola )

– Building the capacity of the community to manage the development process takes time, requires a lot of patience and commitment.

• Capacity building is necessary at all levels I.e. District NAPA Core team, sub county committees and local communities (cc, cc planning, budgeting, reporting and M & E)

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Lessons Learnt cont…….

• Demonstrations enhance sustainability and republication of

good practices i.e. energy efficient cook stoves, soil and water

conservation measures, water harvesting etc

• Exposure visits- Triggers community change of mind set to

implement cc measures. (e.g. soil and water conservation in

Bundibugyo copied from kabale, well construction in Pallisa

copied from exposure visit)

• Promoting multiple inventions increases community resilience

to adverse impacts of cc.

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Lessons cont…

• District that integrate climate change attract additional financing-

Bundibugyo districts’ good performance attracted a bonus of 20%

which increased the budget for the district. Part of the bonus, UGX 10

million was allocated to natural resource management department for

tree planting.

• Strengthening early warning systems increases community and

ecosystems preparedness to cc hazards.

• Proper Management of Natural resources promotes ecosystem

resilience.

• Mainstreaming CC at all levels

• Collaborations are very important (Gov’t, CSO, CBO,PS and the

community)

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Challenges

• Increased weather and climate uncertainties affected some

projects interventions such as tree planting

• Attitude ( community, district )

• Overwhelming demand for some project interventions

• Inadequate skills in financial management among the

communities

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Other national resilience strategies in line with NAPA strategic

intervention for rural community resilience

1. Early Warning Project executed by UNDP –with UNMA and

disaster preparedness –information for adaptation –its national wide

project

2. UNIDO project with MAAIF on banana committees in western

Uganda –PIF cleared by GEF and now developing full project

proposal

3. Water and sanitation project executed by AfDB PIF approved by

GEF, field data collected and now writing full project proposal.

4. FAO Adaptation project integration of climate change in vulnerable

agro-farmer and pastoral communities PIF approved at national level 9/19/2014 30

Thank You For Listening

Thanks you

for listening

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