umati presentation_uchaguzi_ushahidi
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Umati: Monitoring online dangerous speech
Angela CrandallKagonya Awori
Umati Project
o Monitor dangerous speech online
o The influence online hate speech had on the 2007 elections encouraged the birth of Umati.
o Also, growing internet use in Kenya:- 82.7% increase over 12 months
between June 2011 and June 2012. - Half the internet users are on Facebook.
Umati Project : Goals
o To set a definition of hate/dangerous speech that can be incorporated into the constitution.
o To forward incidences of dangerous speech to Uchaguzi to limit further harm.
o To define a process for election monitoring that can be replicated elsewhere.
o To further civic education on hate /dangerous speech
Why dangerous speech?
o Incomprehensive definition of hate speech under the National Cohesion and Integration Act, 2008.
(sections 13 and 52)
o Ethnicity, nationality or race
o Intent or likelihood
Source: http://www.cohesion.or.ke/images/downloads/unpacking%20hate%20speech.pdf
Tenets of dangerous speecho Powerful speaker with influence over an
audience.
o An audience vulnerable to incitement. e.g. fearfulness
o Meaning of the speech act
o Conducive social and historical context
o Influential medium of dissemination.(Prof Susan Benesch, American University)
Umati : Methodologyo Use of human monitors
o Scan blogs, forums, online newspapers and social media pages
o Record : speaker, influence, inflammatory, platform, content
o Group into 3 categories: • Offensive speech• Moderately Dangerous speech• Extremely Dangerous speech
o Critical incidents (calls for help) are forwarded to Uchaguzi
www.research.ihub.co.ke
24%
43%
32%
Interesting findings 1. Prominence of moderately dangerous speech
Offensive speech
Moderately Dangerous speech
Extremely Dangerous speech
31%
35%
34%
OCTN= 774
27%
52%
21%
NOVN = 792
DECN = 432
OCTOBER ( n=769)
6%
2%
39%
1%
53%
6%
3%0.2%
0.2%
91%
Interesting findings 2. Dominance of identifiable commenters
NOVEMBER( n= 792)
5%
1%
1%
0%0.005%
92%
DECEMBER ( n= 432)
84%
5%
0%2%8%
Discriminate Kill Riot Beat Forcefully evict
Interesting findings 3. The call to discriminate is the main call to action
1%
87%
1% 10%1%
OCTOBER
79%
12% 1%2%
6%NOVEMBER
DECEMBER
Future Work
o Project runs until the end of April
o Hosting more media events to promote civic education
o Adding another monitor to represent the Somali community + weekend monitoring
o Sharing the reports: media events, mailing lists, iHub Research blog
www.research.ihub.co.ke
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