unclassified 1 seadmc 2009 seadmc 2009 overview of regional and international disaster management...
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UNCLASSIFIED 1
SEADMC 2009 SEADMC 2009
Overview of Regional and Overview of Regional and International Disaster International Disaster
Management & Emergency Management & Emergency Response MechanismsResponse Mechanisms
2 December 2009
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Agenda
•Definitions•The Dilemma•Paradigms
–Organizational–Sectoral–Functional
•Where are we now?•Where are we going?
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Definitions
•Disaster Management – continuous process by which all individuals, groups, and communities manage hazards in an effort to avoid or ameliorate the impact of disasters resulting from the hazards
•Emergency Response – mobilization of emergency response capabilities to address the needs of the affected population
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Definitions
•Mechanism–A process, technique or system for achieving results
–Captured in: Plans Guidelines Procedures
–There are internal & external mechanisms Most of the internal mechanisms are well-developed
External mechanisms between systems are in various stages of development
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The Dilemma
•Are we better prepared and more capable today?–To respond to another occurrence of the December 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunamis?
–To respond to a major disaster resulting from the explosion of Anak Krakatau volcano?
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Paradigms
•Organizational:–States (affected, assisting & transit)–Regional Organization(s)–Humanitarian
UN Agencies, Funds, & Programs International Organizations (IOs) Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs)
Red Cross / Red Crescent Movement
–Civil Society (local)
Affected State
Military
National Disaster Management
Agency
OGAs
Assisting Nations (non-
regional)
Multinational Coordination
Center
UN Country TeamUNDAC / CMCoord
ASEANAHA
Centre / SASOPs
ASEANNations
InternationalHumanitarians
Paradigms
PIF
SAARC
AS
EA
N R
egio
nal
Fo
rum
CambodiaLaos
Myanmar
China* Japan*South Korea*
Australia
New Zealand
Canada US* Russia*EU
Papua New Guinea
IndiaPakistan, Sri Lanka,
Bangladesh
AS
EA
N
AS
EA
N +
3
Eas
t A
sia
Su
mm
it
AS
EA
N D
ialo
gu
e P
artn
ers
Chinese Taipei Hong KongChile Mexico Peru
Mongolia E.Timor France DPRK*
APEC
UK ItalyGermany
*6 Party TalksFPDA in Red
BIMSTEC in PurpleMPAT Underlined
Brunei IndonesiaMalaysia PhilippinesSingapore Thailand
Vietnam
Maldives Bhutan
Nepal
Cook Islands, FSM, Fiji, Kiribati, RMI, Nauru, Niue, Palau, Solomons, Samoa, Tuvalu, Tonga, Vanuatu
Paradigms
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Paradigms
•Functional–Disaster Risk Reduction
International Strategy for Disaster Risk Reduction
Development Efforts
–Disaster Response Local Emergency Management (fire, police, emergency medical)
Lead Emergency Management Agency International Search and Rescue Humanitarian Relief Organizations
Pre
-eve
nt
Po
st-e
ven
t
DisasterManagement
Needs
NeedsAssessments:
(Identify Needs and AvailableCapabilities & Resources)
Needs Analysis:Basic Needs
- Available ResourcesOutstanding Requirements
Appeals& RFAs:
•Outstanding Requirements
Relief / Donor Action:•Aid / Resource Delivery
InformationSharing
Crisis Emergency
Response
Prevention/
Mitigation
Prepa
redn
ess
Response
Rehab
ilita
tion
/ Rec
over
y
InformationSharing
Paradigms
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•Local / National Response•International Civilian Relief•International Governmental Relief
Need
for
Assis
tan
ce
Local / National Response
International Military Relief
International Civilian Relief
Time
Emergency Relief Phase
“Transition”Point
Rehabilitation / Reconstruction
Paradigms
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International-National (Strategic-Policy) Level
or
Applicable To All Crises
Operational (Planner) Level
or
Natural Disaster Related
Local (Field-Tactical) Level
or
Complex Contingency Related
Paradigms
Civil-Civil-Military Military DomainDomain
Civil-Civil-Civil Civil
DomainDomain
Military-Military-Military Military DomainDomain
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Paradigms
•Sectoral–Cluster Approach – a mechanism that can help to address identified gaps in response and enhance the quality of humanitarian action
Globally: strengthen system-wide preparedness and technical capacity to respond to humanitarian emergencies by ensuring that there is predictable leadership and accountability in all the main sectors or areas of humanitarian response
Nationally: strengthen humanitarian response by demanding high standards of predictability, accountability and partnership in all sectors or areas of activity
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Where are we now?
•Given the various ways of approaching disaster management & emergency response, organizational adjustments, promulgations of guidelines and mechanisms, activities and supporting efforts, are we better prepared?
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Disaster Relief SOP Matrix (draft as of: 22 March 2009)
Inclusive (applicable to
all)
UN-specific Humanitarian Community
Civil-Military Military SOPs Inter-governmental
Technical / Other Guidance / SOPs
Over-arching
Guidelines for the Facilitation and Regulation of International Disaster Relief and Initial Recovery Assistance (IFRC)
Basic Guidelin
es
UN General Assembly Resolution
46/182 of 19 Dec 1991
Sphere Handbook: Minimum Standards
in Disaster Response
UN CMCoord Concept
DPKO Civ-Mil Coordination
Policy
Status of Forces Agreements
(SOFAs)
International Search and Rescue Response
Manual (INSARAG Guidelines)
Tampere Convention
Operational Guidance on Designating
Sector/Cluster Leads in Ongoing
Emergencies
Use of Military or Armed Escorts for
Humanitarian Convoys
MPAT Program Multinational Force SOPs(MNF SOP)
ASEAN Agreement on
Disaster Management &
Emergency Response
Management of Dead Bodies in Disaster
Situations (PAHO/WHO,
undergoing revision)
Code of Conduct for Red Cross / Red Crescent &
NGOs
Suggested Guidance for Implementing InterAction’s
Minimum Operating Security Standards
Use of Military & Civil Defense Assets
in Intl Disaster Relief (Oslo Guidelines)
NATO Handbook
ARF Statement on Disaster
Management & Emergency Response
Management of Dead bodies After
Disasters: A Field Manual for First
Responders (WHO/PAHO)
Natural Disaster
s
WHO-PAHO Guidelines for
the Use of Foreign Field
Hospitals in the Aftermath of
Sudden-Impact Disasters
ARF Strategic Guidelines for
HADR
IASC Operational Guidelines on Human
Rights and Natural Disasters; IASC
Guidance Note on the Cluster Approach
ASEAN SASOP Charter On Cooperation To
Achieve The Coordinated Use Of
Space Facilities In The Event Of Natural Or
Technological Disasters
Complex Contin-gencies
UN in Iraq (08 MAY 03)
Manual on Humanitarian
Negotiations with Armed Groups
Civil-Military Relationship in
Complex Emergencies (IASC
Ref Paper)
DFID “How to Note” on Country
Governance Analysis
UN in Afghanist
an
Operational Protection in Camps
and Settlements
Guidelines onthe Use of Military and Civil Defence Assets To Support United Nations Humanitarian Activities
in Complex Emergencies
A Guide to the International Mine Action
Standard
UN in Liberia
Guidelines for Relations between US
Armed Forces and Nongovernmental
Humanitarian Organizations (NGHOs)
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ARF
PACOM & MPAT
TSD & OCHA
ASEANJuly 05
AADMER
24 July 08
15th ARFDec 04
Tsunami
MPAT
TE Series
HADR CONOPS Testing
ARF VDR ?
May 08
ARF DR TTX
ARFWorkplan?
ARDEX Series
09 Dec 08 &10-11 Dec 08
ARF Shepherds& ARF ISM DRBanda Aceh
July 06
ARF StatementDM&ER
SASOPS
AHA Centre
ARF HADR SOP ARF Strat Guidelines
ARF General Guidelines
ARF StbyArrangements ?
02 Aug 07
14th ARF
11-12 Sep 08
SAMAHAN TTX
02-03 Dec 08
TSD DRExperts Mtg
27 June 08
TSD JointStatement
Mar/ Apr 09
MPAT TE-16
AFP-US HADR CONOPS MNF SOP Regional CONOPS
Development
05-06 Nov 08
UN OCHAAPC-MADRO
UN Regional DRGuidelines
Development
30-31 Oct 07
UN OCHA
APC-MADRO
15-17 Jul 08
AUS-US HADRLogistics Mtg
11-13 Dec 07
AUS-US HADRLogistics Mtg
Aus-IndonesiaAPEC Proposal
UN CMCoordTrainingProgram
Nov 08 CambodiaStrategic Capacity Bldg
Framework for Disaster Managementand Emergency Response
AffectedState
AssistingStates
NonASEAN
HumanitarianCommunity ASEAN
Mechanisms
• Bilateral HA/DR CONOPS
• MNF SOP
• Cluster Approach
• SASOP
Mechanism
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Scenario Response System
AffectedState
AssistingStates
NonASEAN
HumanitarianCommunity ASEAN
How does everyone know?
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Where are we going?
•What will the future of disaster management and emergency response be?–Will we continue down the current path of incremental improvements?
–Will there be a move toward greater cohesion?
–Will there be a paradigm shift?
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Where are we going?
•What will the future of disaster management and emergency response be?–How will the role of major actors and stakeholders change (i.e., governments, humanitarians, regional and international organizations)?
–Who will be in charge?
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Discussion