UNCLASSIFIED

PSI Exercise Program

CDR Tony CregoJoint Staff J5

Non-Proliferation

Mr. David CameronSCC-WMD

Interagency Coordination

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Proliferation Security Initiative Overview

• Launched May 31, 2003.

• The Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI) is a global effort that aims to stop trafficking of weapons of mass destruction (WMD), their delivery systems, and related materials to and from states and non-state actors of proliferation concern.

• PSI provides committed states with a framework for strengthening counterproliferation capabilities and is a state-to-state cooperation enabler.

• Participants agreed to the PSI Statement of Interdiction Principles (adopted in Sept, 2003) that identifies specific steps participants can take to effectively interdict WMD-related shipments and prevent proliferation.

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PSI is…• A political commitment by 95 endorsing state

partners

• A flexible arrangement of international cooperation

• A robust capacity-building program– Over 40 exercises involving over 70 nations– Regular meetings of operational experts to share best practices– Builds relationships through bilateral and regional engagement

• Based on voluntary, national actions

• Consistent with domestic and international legal authorities and frameworks

• Dependent on strong interagency processes to assess threats and courses of action

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PSI is not…

• A legally-binding, rules-based regime

• A source of new authorities to interdict WMD, their delivery systems, and related materials

• Administered by a Secretariat nor governed by consensus

• A coordinator of real-world interdictions

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PSI Exercise Objectives

• Develop national and international counterproliferation capacities and capabilities

• Send a strategic message to proliferators and those that support proliferation activities

• Reach out to nations that have not yet endorsed the Statement of Interdiction Principles

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Typical PSI Exercise Elements

• LIVEX- Maritime Interdiction Exercise- Easily incorporated into maritime interoperability exercises- Focus: Tactical Capabilities and C2 interoperability

- PORTEX- Customs and Law Enforcement Agencies- Multinational Interagency Exchange or Demonstration- Focus: Customs Capabilities and Legal Authorities

• Table-Top Exercise (TTX)- Typically a Fictional Interdiction Scenario- Facilitated Multinational Interagency Seminar- Focus: Policy Priorities and Decision Making Processes

We can do the bulk of the required planning for you!

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Examples of GCC PSI Opportunities

• Integrate desired elements into pre-existing exercises– Example: Add a LIVEX event into a pre-existing exercise, add a bi-

lateral TTX event for the host or partner country

– PANAMAX 09 (SOUTHCOM)

• Plan a dedicated PSI regional exercise.– Example: Engage with regional partners and execute a dedicated

LIVEX, PORTEX, and TTX with a PSI focus.

– LEADING EDGE 10 (CENTCOM)

• Respond to a regional partner’s desire to host a PSI exercise.– Example: A regional partner volunteers to host a dedicated LIVEX,

PORTEX, and TTX with a PSI focus. You contribute with assets, planning, and support

– DEEP SABRE 2 (PACOM)

– This option often creates the most churn for the applicable GCC.

• Host a PSI meeting or Workshop– Example: SOUTHCOM hosted the 2009 Miami PSI-OEG Meeting

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Requirements

• SECDEF Memorandum to GCCs, 8 Aug, 2005

– “A key element of PSI’s success is robust participation in multinational exercises…I would like the Combatant Commands to…organize U.S. hosted PSI multinational exercises and provide assets and personnel to foreign-hosted PSI multinational exercises.”

– “Combatant Commands should also seek and recommend to OSD/Joint Staff opportunities to incorporate an interdiction component into non-PSI exercises with regional partners wherever possible.”

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Requirements

• CJCSI 3520.02A, 1 March, 2007

– “GCCs should make every effort to include WMD interdiction exercises and training events in their exercise plans and/or to sponsor interdiction exercises and training events.”

– “US military support to a PSI exercise may also be incorporated into a CJCS-sponsored exercise, with the applicable CJCS exercise instructions applying.”

– “GCCs are encouraged to incorporate WMD interdiction components into existing bilateral and regional military exercises with countries who have endorsed the PSI Statement of Interdiction Principles.”

– “Efforts should be made to include law enforcement exercises in planning.”

• More importantly, you should WANT to use PSI as a tool

– Opportunity for significant partnership engagement in your AOR

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How We Can Help

• SCC-WMD Authorities:• CJCSI 3520.02A: “Designate a PSI Support Cell…”

• USSTRATCOM OPDIR: “Conduct PSI support activities…”

• Provide PSI-related scenario planning & execution support

• Standardize PSI-related planning with focus on GCCs

• Advocate best practices

• Manage requests by GCCs and the IA for use of PBD-

709 WMD-I exercise and training funds

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SCC-WMD Support

• SCC-WMD Planning, Personnel, and Travel support is available as long as:

– Scenario complements or achieves GCC exercise objectives.

– PSI scenario aligns with overarching exercise scenario.

– Has support of participating PSI endorsing states.

– Meets OSD(P) and Joint Staff (J-5) priorities and Dept of State policy guidance.

– PSI Support Cell attends the planning conferences and the execution.

• A request must be submitted in JTIMS.

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Past Support

• US/Israeli TTX 26-27 April 2009 (model for TTXs)

• Black Sea region TTXs

• PSI SBA TTXs: USCG, DOS and OUSD(P) w/Malta & Panama

• Naval War College PSI Games

• Operational Experts Group (OEG) meetings

• USPACOM participation in Singaporean PSI Exercise Deep Sabre 2

– Funded Navy and USCG travel

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Ongoing/Recent Support

• NAVAF/C6F Exercise PHOENIX EXPRESS

– Annual naval interoperability exercise - May

– Central Med COCOM seam exercise (AFRICOM sponsorship)

– PSI embed in its third year

• USSOUTHCOM Exercise FA PANAMAX

– Annual HA/DR, & stability operations exercise – August/September

– Central America, Caribbean, Panama Canal region

– PSI embed in its fourth year (model for embedding)

• USCENTCOM PSI Exercise LEADING EDGE 2010

– Middle East focus

– Script Phase-I (US-only) seminar scenario (MCPI EXORD focus)

– January 2010

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Our Message

• PSI Exercises support National CWMD Policy Efforts

• They are required, but you should want to do them anyway!

• View them as an opportunity to help you achieve theater security cooperation and regional stability objectives.

• We have a significant capability and willingness to help plan and pay for exercise elements attributed to PSI.

“…we should come together to turn efforts such as the Proliferation Security Initiative and the Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism into durable international institutions.”  - President Barack Obama, 05 Apr 09

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Questions

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Backup

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PANAMAX 07model exercise

• Overall exercise scenario: defense of the

Panama Canal and ToA

• Overall exercise objectives– Enhance regional security

– Partnership building

– Improve multinational operational capabilities

• PSI activity scenario: maritime interdiction of dual-use missile components

by Chilean Navy

• PSI objectives– Test information sharing with multinational

partners

– Conduct regional outreach

– Influence regional proliferation trends

– Provide CP & PSI training for COCOM staff

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PSI Endorsing States by AOR

USAFRICOM USCENTCOM USEUCOM USPACOMAngola Afghanistan Albania Liechtenstein Australia Djibouti Armenia Andorra Lithuania BruneiLiberia** Bahrain Austria Luxembourg Cambodia Libya Iraq Azerbaijan Macedonia FijiMorocco Jordan Belarus Malta** JapanTunisia Kazakhstan Belgium Moldova Marshall Islands**

Kuwait Bosnia Montenegro Mongolia** Kyrgyzstan Bulgaria The Netherlands New Zealand Oman Croatia** Norway Papua New Guinea

USNORTHCOM Qatar Cyprus** Poland Philippines

Canada Saudi Arabia Czech Rep. Portugal Samoa USA Tajikistan Denmark Romania Singapore

Turkmenistan Estonia Russia South Korea United Arab Emirates Finland San Marino Sri Lanka

USSOUTHCOM Uzbekistan France Serbia Vanuatu

Argentina Yemen Georgia Slovakia Bahamas** Germany Slovenia Belize** Greece Spain Chile Holy See Sweden El Salvador Hungary Switzerland Honduras Iceland Turkey Panama** Ireland Ukraine Paraguay Israel United Kingdom

Italy Latvia

** Bilateral shipboarding agreement

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• Shared Intelligence between two or three endorsing states

• Decision to act comes from a National Authority • Interdiction

• Disposition Instructions

Components of a PSI Scenario

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USG Led PSI Counterproliferation Interdiction Exercise

*Guideline for Scenario Development

A “most likely” USG counterproliferation EXERCISE scenario does not:

1. Interdict a fully weaponized WMD2. Involve terrorists directly3. Use USG unilateral action

Discovery of illicit movement of WMD, delivery system, or

related material, technology, & expertise

weapons grade

nuclear material or fully

weaponized WMD

resolutionwith PSI countriesis advantageous

to USG

PSI countrieswill support

WMD interdictionconducted under

different authorities

Counterproliferation unilateral USG action

time available supports

resolution via PSI partner

countries

*This chart guides COCOMs in developing a scenario to exercise the USG’s PSI aspect of counterproliferation. It is not a guide for other PSI endorsing nations designing scenarios to test their own processes and capabilities within the PSI realm.

Ye

sY

es

No Yes Yes

No

No

No

Counterproliferation,Multi-National

PSI Event

Ye

s

SCC-WMD 12 SEP 07

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PSI Interdiction Principles

• PSI participants are committed to:• Interdicting transfers of WMD and WMD-related material

• Streamlining information exchange

• Strengthening national legal authorities to facilitate

interdiction

• Taking specific actions in support of other interdiction efforts

• Overall goals:• Stop shipments of WMD and WMD-related materials

• Make proliferation more costly and more difficult for the

proliferators

• Reveal covert proliferation behavior and networks

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Exercises: Global in Reach & Participation

PSI Gaming ExercisesSep 04 – Maritime (US)Oct 05 – Air/Maritime (Norway)Jun 07 – Air/Maritime/Ground (US)

PacificSea: Sep 03 - PACIFIC PROTECTOR (Australia)Oct 04 – TEAM SAMURAI (Japan) Aug 05 – DEEP SABRE (Singapore) Mar 07 – PACIFIC SHIELD (Japan)Sep 08 – MARU (New Zealand)Oct 09- DEEP SABRE (Singapore)Sep 10 – PACIFIC PROTECTOR (Australia)Air:Apr 06 – PACIFIC PROTECTOR (Australia)

EuropeGround:Apr 04 – SAFE BORDER (Poland)Mar 04 - HAWKEYE (Germany)Jun 05 – BOHEMIAN GUARD (Pol, CZ)Air: Jun 05 – BLUE ACTION (Spain)Jun 06 – HADES (France)Apr 07 – SMART RAVEN (Lithuania)Sea:Apr 06 – TOP PORT (Netherlands)Sep 06 – AMBER SUNRISE (Poland)May 07 – ADRIATIC GATE (Slovenia)Apr 08 – PHOENIX EXPRESS (US)May 09 – PHOENIX EXPRESS (US)May 10 – PHOENIX EXPRESS (US)Combined (Sea, Air and Ground):Oct 07 – EASTERN SHIELD (Ukraine)

Western HemisphereSea:Nov 04 – CHOKEPOINT (US)Sep 07 – PANAMAX (Panama)Aug 08 - PANAMAX (Panama)Sep 09 – PANAMAX (Panama)

Indian OceanSea: Jan 04 – SEA SABER (US)Nov 05 – EXPLORING THEMIS (UK)

KEY- Host nations in parentheses ()

Persian GulfSea: Oct 06 – LEADING EDGE (US)Jan 10- LEADING EDGE (US/UAE)

Mediterranean & AfricaSea: Oct 03 - SANSO (Spain)Nov 03 - BASILAC (France)Apr 04 - CLEVER SENTINEL (Italy)May 05 – NINFA (Portugal)Mar 08 – GUISTIR (Djibouti)May 08- ADRIATIC SHIELD (Croatia)Air: Oct 03 - AIR CPX TTX (UK)Feb 04 - AIR BRAKE (Italy)Jun 04 - ASPE (France)Combined (Sea, Air and Ground):May 06 – ANATOLIAN SUN (Turkey)

Over 70 countries have participated in over 40 PSI exercises