understanding data and information flow session 4
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UNDERSTANDING DATA AND INFORMATION FLOW
Session 4
Session Objectives
Identify opportunities for improving data
production and use
Identify opportunities for feedback mechanisms
Identify points where analysis & data could
support programmatic decision making
2
Session Overview
Information Flow
Information Use Map
Guide to Expanding Use of Information
Small Group Activity 4: Mapping Information Flow
3
Data Demand & Use
Purpose of Understanding Data Flow
Helps us better understand our role in the
health information system and the
importance of collecting data
Identify opportunities for improving data
collection and analysis, increasing
availability, and ensuring data use
Service Delivery Point
Feedback Managers,
Government, Donors
Program
Compiled Data
Clinical Histories, Service
Statistics
Reports
Information Flow
Reasons to Assess Information Flow
Local data not used locally
Higher-level information does not return back to local level
Local data not assessed in broad context
Little incentive to produce high-quality data
7
Investigating Information Flow in Dominica
Situation: local health centers and hospitals report
up through the RHIS system.
Problem: local facilities never receive full reports
after they are completed.
Information Use Map Suggestions: identified
opportunities for feedback to facilities and
specified how the information could be used for
mid-course corrections.
Group Participation
How does information flow through your organization?
9
INFORMATION USE MAP
Information Use Mapping Purpose
Describe existing flow of health information to identify opportunities for improving its use
Description
Identifies gaps and opportunities for using information
Identifies opportunities for additional feedback mechanisms
Identifies points at which analysis & data could support programmatic decision making
Information Use Map: National HIV/AIDS ProgramInformation Use Map: National HIV/AIDS Program May 2005
Data Collection Compilation Storage Analysis Reporting Use
Private Clinic
N60
Government Facility
District
Regional
National
Data collected in electronic medical records
Data collected both electronically and paper-based
Data collected by paper-based system
Data compiled in monthly reports
Data compiled in quarterly reports
Data compiled in quarterly reports
Data stored in national HIV database
Data analyzed
Reporting to WHO 6FAM
Annual state of the program report prepared
Development of 5-year strategic plan
Reporting to N60 headquarters
Information Use Map: National HIV/AIDS Program May 2005
Data Collection Compilation Storage Analysis Reporting Use
Private Clinic
Results reported
to clinic management
NGO
Government Facility
Results reported
to facility management
District
Results reported
to district management
Regional
Results reported
to regional
management
National
Client data collected in EMRS
Data collected both in EMRS and paper-based
Client data collected by paper-based
system
Clinic staff compile data in
monthly summary reports
District level staff compile data in
quarterly summary reports
Regional level staff compile data in
quarterly summary reports
Data stored in national
HIV database
Data analyzed
Reporting to WHO 6FAM
Annual state of the program
report prepared
Development of 5-year strategic
plan
Results reported to NGO head-
quarters & donor
Clinic data stored in EMRS
NGO data stored in EMRS or in paper records
Facility level data stored in filing
cabinets
Conduct client and clinic level
analysis
Conduct client and site level
analysis
Conduct client and facility level
analysis
Conduct district level analysis
Conduct regional level analysis
More sophisticated
analysis conducted
Use for clinic service planning
and improvement
Use for program planning and improvement
Use in district program planning and improvement
Use in regional program planning and improvement
Use for program planning and improvement
Use in national program and policy
planning and resource allocation
Key Messages
Actual flow of data and information can
reveal barriers to improving data quality
and use Information Use Map can highlight
intervention points
14
Small Group Activity 4: Part 1 Instructions
Convene in a small group by organization
Complete the Information Use Map for your organization as data flow now
Activity time: 30 minutes
15
Small Group Activity 4: Part 2 Instructions
Review the map and discuss among your group how the flow of information could be improved: How else could data be analyzed? Are there opportunities for feedback mechanisms? Are data being used by all stakeholders?
Note potential interventions based on your discussion.
Make a 2nd version of the map to illustrate an improved flow of information.
Activity time: 30 minutes
If you finish early…
Summarize the best practices or corrections you are suggesting
Discuss and share why these changes or best practices would facilitate use of the data
Small Group Activity: Report Back
1. One group member remains at the table to present the map to visitors.
2. Each table group moves to the right to visit the table next to them.
3. The table presenter spends 5 minutes explaining how his or her group improved information flow in its map and how this would facilitate use of data.
4. Repeat steps 2–3
5. Everyone returns to original tables.
6. Consider improving your map based on what you learned from your neighbors.
7. Time 1 hour
THANK YOU!MEASURE Evaluation is a MEASURE project funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development and implemented by the
Carolina Population Center at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partnership with Futures Group International, ICF Macro, John Snow, Inc., Management Sciences for Health, and Tulane University. Views expressed in this presentation do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the U.S. Government.
MEASURE Evaluation is the USAID Global Health Bureau's primary vehicle for supporting improvements in monitoring and
evaluation in population, health, and nutrition worldwide.
Visit us online at http://www.cpc.unc.edu/measure